Stem Cell Possibilities in Autism Research

Abstract This commentary focuses on three points: the need to consider semiotic ideologies of both researchers and autistic people, questions of commensurability, and problems with “the social” as an analytical concept. It ends with a call for new research methodologies that are not deficit-based and that consider a broad range of linguistic and non-linguistic communicative practices.

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Author response for "Inhibition of neural stem cell aging through the transient induction of reprogramming factors"

10.1002/cne.24967/v2/response1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Min Ji Han ◽

Won Ji Lee ◽

Joonhyuk Choi ◽

Yean Ju Hong ◽

Sang Jun Uhm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Neural Stem Cell ◽

Author Response ◽

Cell Aging ◽

Stem Cell Aging ◽

Reprogramming Factors

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Decision letter for "Inhibition of neural stem cell aging through the transient induction of reprogramming factors"

10.1002/cne.24967/v2/decision1 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Neural Stem Cell ◽

Cell Aging ◽

Stem Cell Aging ◽

Reprogramming Factors

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The Response of Testes Cells to Low Level, Single dose Helium Particle Irradiation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100053929 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 252-253

Author(s):

D.E. Philpott ◽

W. Sapp ◽

C. Williams ◽

J. Stevenson ◽

S. Black ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cell ◽

Single Dose ◽

B Cell ◽

Cell Survival ◽

Spermatogonial Stem Cell ◽

Low Doses ◽

Particle Irradiation ◽

Stem Cell Survival ◽

Irradiation Injury ◽

Radio Sensitivity

Spermatogonial stem-cell survival after irradiation injury has been studied in rodents by histological counts of surviving cells. Many studies, including previous work from our laboratory, show that the spermatogonial population demonstrates a heterogeneous response to irradiation. The spermatogonia increase in radio-sensitivity as differentiation proceeds through the sequence As - Apr - A1 - A2 - A3 - A4 - In - B. The stem (As) cell is the most resistant and the B cell is the most sensitive. The purpose of this work is to investigate the response of spermatogonial cell to low doses (less than 10 0 rads) of helium particle irradiation.

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The Response of Testis Cells to Low Dose X-Irradiation

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100099155 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. 542-543

Author(s):

D. E. Philpott ◽

W. Sapp ◽

C. Williams ◽

Joann Stevenson ◽

S. Black

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Dose Level ◽

Cross Sections ◽

Low Dose ◽

Light And Electron Microscopy ◽

Cellular Responses ◽

Post Irradiation ◽

X Irradiation

The response of spermatogonial cells to X-irradiation is well documented. It has been shown that there is a radiation resistent stem cell (As) which, after irradiation, replenishes the seminiferous epithelium. Most investigations in this area have dealt with radiation dosages of 100R or more. This study was undertaken to observe cellular responses at doses less than 100R of X-irradiation utilizing a system in which the tissue can be used for light and electron microscopy.Brown B6D2F1 mice aged 16 weeks were exposed to X-irradiation (225KeV; 15mA; filter 0.35 Cu; 50-60 R/min). Four mice were irradiated at each dose level between 1 and 100 rads. Testes were removed 3 days post-irradiation, fixed, and embedded. Sections were cut at 2 microns for light microscopy. After staining, surviving spermatogonia were identified and counted in tubule cross sections. The surviving fraction of spermatogonia compared to control, S/S0, was plotted against dose to give the curve shown in Fig. 1.

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The early development of antenna and antennal sensilla in the noctuid moth, Agrotis segetum (Insecta: Lepidoptera)

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100160066 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 502-503

Author(s):

Eric Hallberg ◽

Lina Hansén

Keyword(s):

Cell Death ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Early Development ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Pupal Stage ◽

Agrotis Segetum ◽

Antennal Sensilla ◽

Noctuid Moth ◽

Standard Procedures

The antennal rudiments in lepidopterous insects are present as disks during the larval stage. The tubular double-walled antennal disk is present beneath the larval antenna, and its inner layer gives rise to the adult antenna during the pupal stage. The sensilla develop from a cluster of cells that are derived from one stem cell, which gives rise to both sensory and enveloping cells. During the morphogenesis of the sensillum these cells undergo major transformations, including cell death. In the moth Agrotis segetum the pupal stage lasts about 14 days (temperature, 25°C). The antennae, clearly seen from the exterior, were dissected and fixed according to standard procedures (3 % glutaraldehyde in 0.15 M cacaodylate buffer, followed by 1 % osmiumtetroxide in the same buffer). Pupae from day 1 to day 8, of both sexes were studied.

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Applying Item Response Theory Modeling to Identify Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder

Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research ◽

10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00284 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (6) ◽

pp. 1916-1932 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Haiying Yuan ◽

Christine Dollaghan

Keyword(s):

Item Response Theory ◽

Item Response ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Social Communication ◽

National Database ◽

Communication Disorder ◽

Social Communication Questionnaire ◽

Autism Research ◽

The Social ◽

Pragmatic Communication

Purpose No diagnostic tools exist for identifying social (pragmatic) communication disorder (SPCD), a new Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition category for individuals with social communication deficits but not the repetitive, restricted behaviors and interests (RRBIs) that would qualify them for a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We explored the value of items from a widely used screening measure of ASD for distinguishing SPCD from typical controls (TC; Aim 1) and from ASD (Aim 2). Method We applied item response theory (IRT) modeling to Social Communication Questionnaire–Lifetime ( Rutter, Bailey, & Lord, 2003 ) records available in the National Database for Autism Research. We defined records from putative SPCD ( n = 54), ASD ( n = 278), and TC ( n = 274) groups retrospectively, based on National Database for Autism Research classifications and Autism Diagnostic Interview–Revised responses. After assessing model assumptions, estimating model parameters, and measuring model fit, we identified items in the social communication and RRBI domains that were maximally informative in differentiating the groups. Results IRT modeling identified a set of seven social communication items that distinguished SPCD from TC with sensitivity and specificity > 80%. A set of five RRBI items was less successful in distinguishing SPCD from ASD (sensitivity and specificity < 70%). Conclusion The IRT modeling approach and the Social Communication Questionnaire–Lifetime item sets it identified may be useful in efforts to construct screening and diagnostic measures for SPCD.

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