scholarly journals Association of mitochondrial DNA haplogroup and hearing impairment with aging in Japanese general population of the Iwaki Health Promotion Project

Author(s):  
Shiori Miura ◽  
Akira Sasaki ◽  
Shuya Kasai ◽  
Takayuki Sugawara ◽  
Yasunori Maeda ◽  
...  

AbstractAge-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a complex multifactorial disorder. Studies in animals, including mitochondria-mutator mice, and in human suggest that oxidative stress and mitochondrial disturbance play an important role in the pathoetiology of ARHL. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups are populations with genetically similar traits, and they have been reported to affect the mitochondrial function of oxidative phosphorylation. To gain further insights into the relationships between mitochondrial haplotypes and the susceptibility to cochlear aging, in this study, we aimed to elucidate how the differences in mtDNA haplogroups may affect ARHL development in Japanese general population. We focused on early onset ARHL, as the same mtDNA haplogroup can show either a negative or positive effect on systemic co-morbidities of ARHL that appear later in life. A total of 1167 participants of the Iwaki Health Promotion Project were surveyed in 2014, and 12 major haplotype groups (D4a, D4b, D5, G1, G2, M7a, M7b, A, B4, B5, N9, and F) were selected for the analysis. A total of 698 subjects aged 30 to 65 years were included in the statistical analysis, and the hearing loss group consisted of 112 males (40.3%) and 111 females (26.4%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the male subjects belonging to haplogroup A had a significantly increased risk of hearing loss, whereas the female subjects belonging to haplogroup N9 had a significantly decreased risk of hearing loss. These results suggested that the mtDNA haplogroup may be an indicator for future risk of morbidity associated with ARHL.

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (13) ◽  
pp. e1755-e1760
Author(s):  
Rebecca R. Valentino ◽  
Michael G. Heckman ◽  
Patrick W. Johnson ◽  
Matthew C. Baker ◽  
Alexandra I. Soto-Beasley ◽  
...  

ObjectiveTo determine whether stable polymorphisms that define mitochondrial haplogroups in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are associated with Pick disease risk, we genotyped 52 pathologically confirmed cases of Pick disease and 910 neurologically healthy controls and performed case-control association analysis.MethodsFifty-two pathologically confirmed cases of Pick disease from Mayo Clinic Florida (n = 38) and the University of Pennsylvania (n = 14) and 910 neurologically healthy controls collected from Mayo Clinic Florida were genotyped for unique mtDNA haplogroup-defining variants. Mitochondrial haplogroups were determined, and in a case-control analysis, associations of mtDNA haplogroups with risk of Pick disease were evaluated with logistic regression models that were adjusted for age and sex.ResultsNo individual mtDNA haplogroups or superhaplogroups were significantly associated with risk of Pick disease after adjustment for multiple testing (p < 0.0021, considered significant). However, nominally significant (p < 0.05) associations toward an increased risk of Pick disease were observed for mtDNA haplogroup W (5.8% cases vs 1.6% controls, odds ratio [OR] 4.78, p = 0.020) and subhaplogroup H4 (5.8% cases vs 1.2% controls, OR 4.82, p = 0.021).ConclusionOur findings indicate that mtDNA variation is not a disease driver but may influence disease susceptibility. Ongoing genetic assessments in larger cohorts of Pick disease are currently underway.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 214-214
Author(s):  
Michael McKee ◽  
Yunshu Zhou ◽  
Joshua Ehrlich ◽  
Elham Mahmoudi ◽  
Jennifer Deal ◽  
...  

Abstract Age-related hearing loss (HL) is both common and associated with elevated risk for cognitive decline and poorer health. To care for an aging population, it is critical to understand the effect of coexisting HL and dementia on functional activities. The effect of co-existing dementia and self-reported HL on daily functioning were assessed. A cross-sectional analysis was performed using nationally-representative data from the 2015 National Health and Aging Trends Study consisting of U.S. adults 65+. The sample included 1,829 adults with HL (22.8%) and 5,338 adults without HL. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to model the independent effects and interaction of self-reported HL and dementia status on three validated functional activity scales (self-care, mobility, and household). All analyses adjusted for sociodemographic and medical factors. HL participants were more likely to be white, older, male, less educated (p &lt;0.01). 8.4% had possible dementia and 6.5% had probable dementia. Respondents with HL or possible or probable dementia had significantly lower mobility, self-care, and household activity scores (p&lt;.001 for all comparisons) compared to their peers. A small yet significant interaction was present in all models, suggesting that HL respondents with co-occurring dementia had lower mobility, self-care, and household activity scores than predicted by the independent effects of dementia and self-reported HL (p&lt;.001 for all comparisons). Older adults with co-occurring dementia and HL are at increased risk for poor functioning and should be screened by healthcare providers. Future work should consider the impact of intervention in this vulnerable/at-risk population.


2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
Jakub Fuksa ◽  
Milan Profant ◽  
Martin Chovanec ◽  
Josef Syka

Age-related hearing loss, presbycusis, is one of the most frequent sensory impairments in the ageing population. It is associated with pathologies of both inner ear and the central parts of the auditory system. Intact cognitive functions are necessary for the proper processing of complex auditory information. Since the beginning of the 80s, there is an increasing amount of evidence linking presbycusis to cognitive impairment and increased risk of dementia. The exact cause, which connects these two pathologies, is still unknown, although there are several hypotheses with various levels of evidence available. This review aims to describe the role of cognitive functions in the auditory processing, to summarize published evidence for a relationship between the hearing loss and cognitive impairment with a possible mechanism, which would explain this link. In addition, we discuss specific features of cognitive assessment in a person with hearing loss and describe the effect of hearing loss treatment, e. g. with hearing aids, cochlear implant and cognitive-hearing training on cognitive functions. Keywords: dementia – hearing loss – presbycusis – cognitive decline


Author(s):  
Betsy Szeto ◽  
Chris Valentini ◽  
Anil K Lalwani

ABSTRACT Background The elderly are at increased risk of both hearing loss (HL) and osteoporosis. Bone mineral density (BMD) has been putatively linked to HL. However, the roles of serum calcium concentrations and vitamin D status have yet to be elucidated. Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between vitamin D status, parathyroid hormone (PTH), total calcium, BMD, and HL in a nationally representative sample of elderly adults. Methods Using the NHANES (2005–2010), audiometry and BMD data of 1123 participants aged ≥70 y were analyzed in a cross-sectional manner. HL was defined as pure tone averages &gt;25 dB HL at 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz (low frequency); 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz (speech frequency); and 3000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz (high frequency) in either ear. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relation between HL and total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], PTH, total calcium, and BMD, adjusting for covariates. Results In multivariable analyses, total 25(OH)D &lt; 20 ng/mL was found to be associated with greater odds of low-frequency HL (OR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.28, 3.19) and speech-frequency HL (OR: 1.96; 95% CI: 1.12, 3.44). A 1-unit decrease in femoral neck BMD (OR: 4.55; 95% CI: 1.28, 16.67) and a 1-unit decrease in total spine BMD (OR: 6.25; 95% CI: 1.33, 33.33) were found to be associated with greater odds of low-frequency HL. Serum PTH and total calcium were not found to be associated with HL. Conclusions In the elderly, low vitamin D status was associated with low-frequency and speech-frequency HL. Low vitamin D status may be a potential risk factor for age-related HL.


2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204062231881100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Panza ◽  
Madia Lozupone ◽  
Rodolfo Sardone ◽  
Petronilla Battista ◽  
Marco Piccininni ◽  
...  

The peripheral hearing alterations and central auditory processing disorder (CAPD) associated with age-related hearing loss (ARHL), may impact cognitive disorders in older age. In older age, ARHL is also a significant marker for frailty, another age-related multidimensional clinical condition with a nonspecific state of vulnerability, reduced multisystem physiological reserve, and decreased resistance to different stressors (i.e. sensorial impairments, psychosocial stress, diseases, injuries). The multidimensional nature of frailty required an approach based on different pathogeneses because this clinical condition may include sensorial, physical, social, nutritional, cognitive, and psychological phenotypes. In the present narrative review, the cumulative epidemiological evidence coming from several longitudinal population-based studies, suggested convincing links between peripheral ARHL and incident cognitive decline and dementia. Moreover, a few longitudinal case-control and population-based studies also suggested that age-related CAPD in ARHL, may be central in determining an increased risk of incident cognitive decline, dementia, and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Cumulative meta-analytic evidence confirmed cross-sectional and longitudinal association of both peripheral ARHL and age-related CAPD with different domains of cognitive functions, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia, while the association with dementia subtypes such as AD and vascular dementia remained unclear. However, ARHL may represent a modifiable condition and a possible target for secondary prevention of cognitive impairment in older age, social isolation, late-life depression, and frailty. Further research is required to determine whether broader hearing rehabilitative interventions including coordinated counseling and environmental accommodations could delay or halt cognitive and global decline in the oldest old with both ARHL and dementia.


1976 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith C. Mendlowitz ◽  
Kurt Hirschhorn

A large family has been studied and its pedigree traced for six generations. Fifteen relatives are known to have had otosclerosis. Of these, the only six individuals who developed this disease before the age of twenty were offspring of second-cousin marriages. Other children in the extended family developed the disease later and may have had somewhat less severe symptoms. The original hypothesis that the severe, early onset cases occurred among those homozygous for a monogenic trait became improbable on mathematical analysis. We conclude that the inheritance of otosclerosis in this family is polygenic and probably multifactorial. Individuals marrying within the family have a greatly increased risk of giving birth to children who will develop otosclerosis early, and perhaps severely. Those who marry outside the family have a greatly decreased risk. They do, of course, have a higher risk than the general population of having children who will at some point experience a conductive hearing loss.


Author(s):  
Georgina Burns-O’Connell ◽  
David Stockdale ◽  
Oscar Cassidy ◽  
Victoria Knowles ◽  
Derek J. Hoare

AIM: To investigate the impact of tinnitus on professional musicians in the UK. BACKGROUND: Tinnitus is the experience of sound when an external source is absent, primarily associated with the ageing process, hearing loss, and noise exposure. Amongst populations exposed to industrial noise, noise exposure and noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) have been found to be the factors most associated with tinnitus. The risk of NIHL amongst professional musicians is greater than that amongst the general population, meaning they may be at increased risk of tinnitus. METHODS: Seventy-four professional musicians completed an online survey involving closed and open-ended questions, and completed the Tinnitus fuctional Index (TFI) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis of open-ended qualitative responses were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: Three themes were generated from the analysis of the responses to the open-ended questions. These themes were: (1) the impact of tinnitus on the lives of professional musicians, (2) professional musician experience of tinnitus services, support, and hearing health and safety, and (3) the support professional musicians want. The mean global TFI score for professional musicians was 39.05, interpreted as tinnitus being a moderate problem. Comparisons with general population data revealed lower TFI scores for the TFI subscales of ‘sense of control’ and ‘intrusiveness’ for professional musicians and higher for auditory difficulties associated with tinnitus amongst professional musicians. CONCLUSION: Tinnitus can negatively impact on professional musicians’ lives. There is a need for bespoke self-help groups, awareness raising, and education to prevent tinnitus and promote hearing health among musicians.


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Danielsson ◽  
M Kathleen Pichora-Fuller ◽  
Kate Dupuis ◽  
Jerker Rönnberg ◽  
Alison L. Chasteen ◽  
...  

Age-related declines in hearing, cognition and social participation are well recognized, as are associations between hearing loss and cognitive decline, hearing loss and increased risk for social isolation, and cognitive decline and lower participation in social leisure activities (PSLA). Nevertheless, how age and the three domains of hearing, cognition, and social participation relate to one other in the same study is unclear. Behavioural measures of hearing and memory and self-reported participation in common social leisure activities from two samples of adults with hearing loss (N=297, N=273) were analysed in the current study. Structural equation modelling on both samples yielded two models with good and similar statistical properties. The two models had the following in common: age effects on hearing and memory, an effect of hearing on memory, but no direct effect of hearing on PSLA. The models differed on the direction of the path between memory and PSLA as well as the existence of the effect of age on PSLA. The majority of participants in both samples were not candidates for hearing aids, but most of those who were candidates used them. Of note, typical pure-tone average thresholds did not contribute significantly to the models, but high-frequency hearing thresholds did, suggesting that even early stages of hearing loss can increase demands on memory that in turn may deter participation in social leisure activities.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Chang ◽  
Yichuan Liu ◽  
Frank Mentch ◽  
Joseph Glessner ◽  
Huiqi Qu ◽  
...  

Abstract Although mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathophysiology of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder ADHD, the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has not been extensively investigated. To determine whether mtDNA haplogroups influence risk of ADHD, we performed a case-control study comprising 2076 ADHD cases and 5078 healthy controls, all of whom were European decedents recruited from The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP). Associations between eight major European mtDNA Haplogroups and ADHD risk were assessed in three independent European cohorts. Meta-analysis of the three studies indicated that mtDNA haplogroups K (odds ratio = 0.69, P = 2.24 × 10−4, Pcorrected = 1.79 × 10−3) and U (odds ratio = 0.77, P = 8.88 × 10−4, Pcorrected = 7.11 × 10−3) were significantly associated with reduced risk of ADHD. In contrast, haplogroup HHV* (odds ratio = 1.18, P = 2.32 × 10−3, Pcorrected = 0.019) was significantly associated with increased risk of ADHD. Our results provide novel insight into the genetic basis of ADHD, implicating mitochondrial mechanisms in the pathophysiology of this relatively common psychiatric disorder.


2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea D. Warner-Czyz ◽  
Betty Loy ◽  
Hannah Pourchot ◽  
Trissan White ◽  
Elika Cokely

Nearly one third of school-age children report being bullied, primarily enduring teasing or rumors. Children with hearing loss (HL) are at increased risk of victimization due to being “different” from the general population. This project assesses effects of auditory status on bullying by comparing incidence and type of bullying in 87 youth and adolescents with HL (7–18 years) to published national data from peers in the general population. All participants wore auditory technology (i.e., hearing aids or cochlear implants), communicated orally, and participated in mainstream education. Each participant completed the 2009 National Crime Victimization Survey’s School Crime Supplement. Adolescents with HL endured significantly higher incidence of bullying versus the general population (50.0% vs. 28.0%), particularly for exclusion (26.3% vs. 4.7%) and coercion (17.5% vs. 3.6%). Children younger than 12 years with HL report lower rates of bullying (38.7%) than adolescents with HL, but rates did not differ significantly. Future research should explore risk and protective factors for peer victimization in youth and adolescents with HL to reduce long-term consequences on quality of life.


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