scholarly journals Gut microbiota link dietary fiber intake and short-chain fatty acid metabolism with eating behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Medawar ◽  
Sven-Bastiaan Haange ◽  
Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk ◽  
Beatrice Engelmann ◽  
Arne Dietrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe gut microbiome has been speculated to modulate feeding behavior through multiple factors, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Evidence on this relationship in humans is however lacking. We aimed to explore if specific bacterial genera relate to eating behavior, diet, and SCFA in adults. Moreover, we tested whether eating-related microbiota relate to treatment success in patients after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Anthropometrics, dietary fiber intake, eating behavior, 16S-rRNA-derived microbiota, and fecal and serum SCFA were correlated in young overweight adults (n = 27 (9 F), 21–36 years, BMI 25–31 kg/m2). Correlated genera were compared in RYGB (n = 23 (16 F), 41–70 years, BMI 25–62 kg/m2) and control patients (n = 17 (11 F), 26–69 years, BMI 25–48 kg/m2). In young adults, 7 bacteria genera, i.e., Alistipes, Blautia, Clostridiales cluster XVIII, Gemmiger, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, and Streptococcus, correlated with healthier eating behavior, while 5 genera, i.e., Clostridiales cluster IV and XIVb, Collinsella, Fusicatenibacter, and Parabacteroides, correlated with unhealthier eating (all | r | > 0.4, FDR-corrected p < 0.05). Some of these genera including Parabacteroides related to fiber intake and SCFA, and to weight status and treatment response in overweight/obese patients. In this exploratory analysis, specific bacterial genera, particularly Parabacteroides, were associated with weight status and eating behavior in two small, independent and well-characterized cross-sectional samples. These preliminary findings suggest two groups of presumably beneficial and unfavorable genera that relate to eating behavior and weight status, and indicate that dietary fiber and SCFA metabolism may modify these relationships. Larger interventional studies are needed to distinguish correlation from causation.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota link dietary fiber intake and short-chain fatty acid metabolism with eating behaviour

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Medawar ◽  
Sven-Bastiaan Haange ◽  
Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk ◽  
Beatrice Engelmann ◽  
Arne Dietrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Treatment Success ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
List Type ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake

AbstractObjectivesThe gut microbiome modulates human brain function and eating behavior through multiple factors, including short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) signaling. We aimed to determine which bacterial genera relate to eating behavior, diet and SCFA metabolites in overweight adults. In addition, we tested whether eating-related microbiota predict treatment success in patients after bariatric surgery.DesignAnthropometrics, eating behaviour measures and 16S-rRNA-derived microbiota abundance were correlated in young overweight adults (n=27 (9F), 21-36 years, BMI 25-31 kg/m2), and in patients two years after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (n=23 (16F), 41-70 years, BMI 25-62 kg/m2) compared to matched overweight and obese controls (n=17 (11F), 26-69 years, BMI 25-48 kg/m2). Dietary fiber intake was assessed and SCFA were measured in feces and blood using mass spectrometry in young adults.ResultsIn the young adults, 7 bacteria genera, i.e. Alistipes, Blautia, Clostridiales cluster XVIII, Gemmiger, Roseburia, Ruminococcus and Streptococcus, correlated with healthier eating behavior, while 5 genera, i.e. Clostridiales cluster IV and XIVb, Collinsella, Fusicatenibacter and Parabacteroides, correlated with unhealthier eating (all |r| > 0.4, FDR-corrected p < 0.05). Some of these genera including Parabacteroides related to fiber intake and SCFA metabolites, and to weight status and treatment response in obese patients.ConclusionSpecific bacterial genera, particularly Parabacteroides, were reliably associated with weight status and eating behavior in two independent well-characterized cross-sectional samples. Together, these findings indicate two groups of presumably beneficial and unfavourable genera that relate to eating behaviour and weight status, and indicate that dietary fiber and SCFA metabolism may modify these relationships.Significance of this studyWhat is already known about this subject?-The gut microbiome may modulate brain function and eating behavior through production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) from dietary fiber.What are the new findings?-This cross-sectional exploratory study finds that the abundance of specific groups of bacterial genera, including Parabacteroides, correlate with eating behavior, diet, SCFA as well as weight status and obesity treatment success in two independent well-characterized samples.How might it impact on clinical practice in the foreseeable future?-These findings might help to develop novel hypotheses how to prevent and treat unhealthy food craving through microbiotal modulation of the gut-brain axis.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ASUPAN KARBOHIDRAT SEDERHANA, ASUPAN SERAT DAN KEBIASAAN OLAHRAGA DENGAN INDEKS MASSA TUBUH KARYAWAN REKTORAT UNIVERSITAS JENDERAL SOEDIRMAN (UNSOED)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Noor Cherinawati
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exercise Habits ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Pearson Correlation Test ◽  
Simple Carbohydrates ◽  
Simple Carbohydrate

This study aim to determine correlation between simple carbohydrates intake, dietary fiber intake, and excercise habbits on body mass index (BMI) of employee. This study used a cross-sectional method. As many as 63 peoples were selected as samples using purposive sampling method. Simple carbohydrate intake and fiber intake were measured using a 2x24 hour recall method, exercise habits were measured using exercise habits questionnaires. BMI was measured using digital scales and microtoise. The result showed an average simple carbohydrates intake 37.8 � 33.3 g/day , dietary fiber intake 9.7 � 4.1 g/day, excercise habbits 63.6 � 77.7 minutes/week. The pearson correlation test showed insignificant relationship between simple carbohydrates intake, dietary fiber intake, and excercise habbits with BMI (p = 0.976, 0.871 and 0.454). Simple carbohydrates intake, dietary fiber intake, and excercise habbits did not relate with BMI head official employee Unsoed.

scholarly journals Nutrient intakes and sources of fiber among children with low and high dietary fiber intake: the 2016 feeding infants and toddlers study (FITS), a cross-sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Finn ◽  
Emma Jacquier ◽  
Brian Kineman ◽  
Heidi Storm ◽  
Ryan Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Whole Grains ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake

Abstract Background Increasing dietary fiber intake in children may improve overall diet quality. The purpose of this study was to compare nutrient intakes and sources of fiber between young children with low and high fiber intakes utilizing data from the Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS) 2016. Methods The FITS 2016 was a nationwide, cross sectional survey of caregivers designed to assess food and nutrient intakes, feeding behaviors, and dietary patterns among infants and young children living in the U.S. Energy adjusted macro and micronutrient intakes (nutrients/1000 kcals) of children with energy adjusted fiber intakes (g/1000 kcals) in the highest quartile were compared to those in the lowest quartile with paired t-tests. Sources of fiber for each quartile were ranked according to percent of total fiber intake. Results Children with fiber intakes in the highest quartile had significantly lower intakes of total fat (mean difference ranged from 7.4–9.6 g, p < 0.0005) and saturated fat (mean difference ranged from 4 to 5.8 g, p < 0.0005), and significantly higher intakes of vitamin B-6 (mean difference ranged from 0.3–0.4 mg, p < 0.0005), magnesium (mean difference ranged from 57.2–61.8 mg, p < 0.0005), iron (mean difference ranged from 2.2–3.7 mg, p < 0.0005), and potassium (mean difference ranged from 318.2 mg to 446.1 mg, p < 0.0005) compared to children in the lowest quartile across all age groups. Children in the highest quartile had higher intakes of nut butters, legumes, fruits, and vegetables and consumed a greater percentage of grains as whole grains than those in the lowest quartile. Conclusion Encouraging intake of fruits, vegetables, legumes, nut butters, and at least 75% of grains as whole grains may help young children improve dietary fiber intake and overall diet quality.

EFFECTS OF DIETARY FIBER INTAKE IN CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED MUCOSITIS IN MURINE MODEL

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
B Gallotti ◽  
I Galvao ◽  
G Leles ◽  
MF Quintanilha ◽  
RO Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Gut Permeability ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
High Doses

Abstract Mucositis is an inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa resulting from high-doses of radio/chemotherapy treatment and may lead to interruption of antineoplasic therapy. Soluble fibers, like pectin, increase short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production that play a role in gut homeostasis and inflammation suppression. Due to the properties of pectin, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a high-fiber diet on chemotherapy-induced mucositis in a murine model. C57/BL6 mice received control (AIN93M), high-fiber (HF), low/zero fiber (LF) diets for 10 days prior the mucositis challenging with irinotecan (75 mg/kg); or, they were treated with acetate added to drinking water 5 days prior and during the mucositis induction. Mice that received HF diet showed decreased immune cells influx and improved histopathological parameters in the intestine, compared to mice that received normal diet. Furthermore, HF diet decreased intestinal permeability induced in the mucositis model when compared to the control group. This effect was not observed in the acetate alone, which did not improve gut permeability. For instance, mice that received LF diet worsened gut permeability, compared with mice that received normal diet and mucositis. The effects of the HF and LF diets were shown to modulate the intestinal microbiota, in which the LF diet increased the levels of Enterobacteriaceae, a group associated with gut inflammation, whereas the HF diet decreased this group and increased Lactobacillus and Bifidobaterium (SCFA producers) levels. In conclusion, the results demonstrated the importance of dietary fiber intake in the modulation of gut microbiota composition and homeostasis maintenance during mucositis in this model.

scholarly journals Su1999 – The Effect of Dietary Fiber Intake on Short Chain Fatty Acidproducing Bacteria During Critical Illness: A Prospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 156 (6) ◽  
pp. S-686
Author(s):  
Yichun Fu ◽  
Dagmara Moscoso ◽  
Joyce Porter ◽  
Suneeta Krishnareddy ◽  
Julian A. Abrams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Critical Illness ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake

scholarly journals High-Fiber, Whole-Food Dietary Intervention Alters the Human Gut Microbiome but Not Fecal Short-Chain Fatty Acids

mSystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Oliver ◽  
Alexander B. Chase ◽  
Claudia Weihe ◽  
Stephanie B. Orchanian ◽  
Stefan F. Riedel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Fiber Consumption

ABSTRACT Dietary shifts can have a direct impact on the gut microbiome by preferentially selecting for microbes capable of utilizing the various dietary nutrients. The intake of dietary fiber has decreased precipitously in the last century, while consumption of processed foods has increased. Fiber, or microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs), persist in the digestive tract and can be metabolized by specific bacteria encoding fiber-degrading enzymes. The digestion of MACs results in the accumulation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and other metabolic by-products that are critical to human health. Here, we implemented a 2-week dietary fiber intervention aiming for 40 to 50 g of fiber per day within the context of a course-based undergraduate research experience (CURE) (n = 20). By coupling shotgun metagenomic sequencing and targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), we found that the dietary intervention significantly altered the composition of individual gut microbiomes, accounting for 8.3% of the longitudinal variability within subjects. Notably, microbial taxa that increased in relative abundance as a result of the diet change included known MAC degraders (i.e., Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus). We further assessed the genetic diversity within Bifidobacterium, assayed by amplification of the groEL gene. Concomitant with microbial composition changes, we show an increase in the abundance of genes involved in inositol degradation. Despite these changes in gut microbiome composition, we did not detect a consistent shift in SCFA abundance. Collectively, our results demonstrate that on a short-term timescale of 2 weeks, increased fiber intake can induce compositional changes of the gut microbiome, including an increase in MAC-degrading bacteria. IMPORTANCE A profound decrease in the consumption of dietary fiber in many parts of the world in the last century may be associated with the increasing prevalence of type II diabetes, colon cancer, and other health problems. A typical U.S. diet includes about ∼15 g of fiber per day, far less fiber than the daily recommended allowance. Changes in dietary fiber intake affect human health not only through the uptake of nutrients directly but also indirectly through changes in the microbial community and their associated metabolism. Here, we conducted a 2-week diet intervention in healthy young adults to investigate the impact of fiber consumption on the gut microbiome. Participants increased their average fiber consumption by 25 g/day on average for 2 weeks. The high-fiber diet intervention altered the gut microbiome of the study participants, including increases in known fiber-degrading microbes, such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus.

Dietary Fiber Consumption Decreases the Risks of Overweight and Hypercholesterolemia in Japanese Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Shinozaki ◽  
Masayuki Okuda ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
Ichiro Kunitsugu ◽  
Mayumi Shigeta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Japanese Children ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake

Aims: It remains inconclusive whether high dietary fiber intake decreases the risk of obesity, hypercholesterolemia or high blood pressure during childhood. Therefore, this study investigated the relationships of dietary fiber intake with weight status and related clinical parameters among Japanese children. Methods: We analyzed the data of 5,600 subjects aged 10-11 years, between 2006 and 2010. Fiber intake was assessed using the Brief-type Diet History Questionnaire. Body height and weight and blood pressure were measured. Serum levels of total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were analyzed. Fiber intake was categorized into quintiles, and multivariate models were used to adjust for lifestyle factors. Results: Total fiber intake decreased the risks of overweight and high total cholesterol (OR Quintile 5 vs. Quintile 1 overweight: 0.71 for boys, 0.40 for girls; total cholesterol: 0.60 for boys, 0.66 for girls). Water-soluble fiber intake was associated with a lower risk of high blood pressure, although the ORs were not significant. Conclusions: Increasing the dietary fiber intake in Japanese children may have favorable effects on overweight and hypercholesterolemia.

scholarly journals Sources of Dietary Fiber Are Differently Associated with Prevalence of Depression

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2813
Author(s):  
Chong-Su Kim ◽  
Seohyeon Byeon ◽  
Dong-Mi Shin
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Specific Source

Dietary fiber has been actively studied for its profound impacts on mental health by affecting the gut–brain axis communication. However, the association between dietary fiber intake and depression has been inconsistent, partly due to the lack of consideration of the fiber source. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between various sources of dietary fiber and depression in Korean adults through a nationwide cross-sectional study. The study population was a total of 2960 adults between 19 and 64 years of age who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES, 2012–2016). Dietary fiber intake from each fiber subtype (crude, cereal, vegetable, fruit, seaweed, and mushroom) was calculated using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Depression prevalence was assessed using a Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and self-reported clinical diagnosis by a physician. We found that seaweed (odds ratio (OR) = 0.38; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.20–0.72; p < 0.05) and mushroom fiber intake (OR = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.01–0.37; p < 0.05) were inversely associated with depressive symptoms assessed using the PHQ-9 parameters. Moreover, seaweed fiber intake was inversely associated with clinical depression diagnosed by a physician (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.23–0.88; p < 0.05). This was the first study to find that higher intakes of seaweed and mushroom fiber were associated with a lower likelihood of depression in a representative cohort of Korean adults, indicating that the specific source of dietary fiber may be an important dietary factor in modulating depression.

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