scholarly journals Fronto-limbic neural variability as a transdiagnostic correlate of emotion dysregulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Kebets ◽  
Pauline Favre ◽  
Josselin Houenou ◽  
Mircea Polosan ◽  
Nader Perroud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Neural Efficiency ◽  
Affective Lability ◽  
Neural Variability ◽  
Work Supports

AbstractEmotion dysregulation is central to the development and maintenance of psychopathology, and is common across many psychiatric disorders. Neurobiological models of emotion dysregulation involve the fronto-limbic brain network, including in particular the amygdala and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Neural variability has recently been suggested as an index of cognitive flexibility. We hypothesized that within-subject neural variability in the fronto-limbic network would be related to inter-individual variation in emotion dysregulation in the context of low affective control. In a multi-site cohort (N = 166, 93 females) of healthy individuals and individuals with emotional dysregulation (attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder (BD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD)), we applied partial least squares (PLS), a multivariate data-driven technique, to derive latent components yielding maximal covariance between blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal variability at rest and emotion dysregulation, as expressed by affective lability, depression and mania scores. PLS revealed one significant latent component (r = 0.62, p = 0.044), whereby greater emotion dysregulation was associated with increased neural variability in the amygdala, hippocampus, ventromedial, dorsomedial and dorsolateral PFC, insula and motor cortex, and decreased neural variability in occipital regions. This spatial pattern bears a striking resemblance to the fronto-limbic network, which is thought to subserve emotion regulation, and is impaired in individuals with ADHD, BD, and BPD. Our work supports emotion dysregulation as a transdiagnostic dimension with neurobiological underpinnings that transcend diagnostic boundaries, and adds evidence to neural variability being a relevant proxy of neural efficiency.

scholarly journals Fronto-limbic neural variability as a transdiagnostic correlate of emotion dysregulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Kebets ◽  
Pauline Favre ◽  
Josselin Houenou ◽  
Mircea Polosan ◽  
Jean-Michel Aubry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Neural Efficiency ◽  
Affective Lability ◽  
Neural Variability ◽  
Work Supports

AbstractBackgroundEmotion dysregulation is central to the development and maintenance of psychopathology, and is common across many psychiatric disorders. Neurobiological models of emotion dysregulation involve the fronto-limbic brain network, including in particular the amygdala and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Neural variability has recently been suggested as an index of cognitive flexibility. We hypothesized that within-subject neural variability in the fronto-limbic network would be related to inter-individual variation in emotion dysregulation in the context of low affective control.MethodsIn a multi-site cohort (N = 166, 93 females) of healthy individuals and individuals with emotional dysregulation (attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder (BD), and borderline personality disorder (BPD)), we applied partial least squares (PLS), a multivariate data-driven technique, to derive latent components yielding maximal covariance between blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal variability at rest and emotion dysregulation, as expressed by affective lability, depression and mania scores.ResultsPLS revealed one significant latent component (r = 0.62, p = 0.001), whereby greater emotion dysregulation was associated with increased neural variability in the amygdala, hippocampus, ventromedial, dorsomedial and dorsolateral PFC, insula and motor cortex, and decreased neural variability in occipital regions. This spatial pattern bears a striking resemblance to the fronto-limbic network, which is thought to subserve emotion regulation, and is impaired in individuals with ADHD, BD, and BPD.ConclusionsOur work supports emotion dysregulation as a transdiagnostic dimension with neurobiological underpinnings that transcend diagnostic boundaries, and adds evidence to neural variability being a relevant proxy of neural efficiency.

scholarly journals Advanced Meditation Alters Resting-State Brain Network Connectivity Correlating With Improved Mindfulness

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramana V. Vishnubhotla ◽  
Rupa Radhakrishnan ◽  
Kestas Kveraga ◽  
Rachael Deardorff ◽  
Chithra Ram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Brain Network Connectivity

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an intensive 8-day Samyama meditation program on the brain functional connectivity using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI).Methods: Thirteen Samyama program participants (meditators) and 4 controls underwent fMRI brain scans before and after the 8-day residential meditation program. Subjects underwent fMRI with a blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) contrast at rest and during focused breathing. Changes in network connectivity before and after Samyama program were evaluated. In addition, validated psychological metrics were correlated with changes in functional connectivity.Results: Meditators showed significantly increased network connectivity between the salience network (SN) and default mode network (DMN) after the Samyama program (p < 0.01). Increased connectivity within the SN correlated with an improvement in self-reported mindfulness scores (p < 0.01).Conclusion: Samyama, an intensive silent meditation program, favorably increased the resting-state functional connectivity between the salience and default mode networks. During focused breath watching, meditators had lower intra-network connectivity in specific networks. Furthermore, increased intra-network connectivity correlated with improved self-reported mindfulness after Samyama.Clinical Trials Registration: [https://clinicaltrials.gov], Identifier: [NCT04366544]. Registered on 4/17/2020.

scholarly journals A pilot study on the association between the blood oxygen level-dependent signal in the reward system and dopamine transporter availability in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Shih-Hsien Lin ◽  
Mei Hung Chi ◽  
I Hui Lee ◽  
Kao Chin Chen ◽  
Ying Chun Tai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Dopamine Transporter ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Dopaminergic Tone

Abstract Background. It is well-known that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with changes in the dopaminergic system. However, the relationship between central dopaminergic tone and the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal during receipt of rewards and penalties in the corticostriatal pathway in adults with ADHD is unclear. Methods. Single-photon emission computed tomography with [99mTC]TRODAT-1 was used to assess striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) availability. Event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on subjects performing the Iowa Gambling Test. Result. DAT availability was found to be associated with the BOLD response, which was a covariate of monetary loss, in the medial prefrontal cortex (r = 0.55, P = .03), right ventral striatum (r = 0.69, P = .003), and right orbital frontal cortex (r = 0.53, P = .03) in adults with ADHD. However, a similar correlation was not found in the controls. Conclusions. The results confirmed that dopaminergic tone may play a different role in the penalty-elicited response of adults with ADHD. It is plausible that a lower neuro-threshold accompanied by insensitivity to punishment could be exacerbated by the hypodopaminergic tone in ADHD.

Trial-to-Trial Variability in Evoked Neural Responses Exhibits a Very Low Frequency Temporal Signature

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Demanuele ◽  
A. Capilla ◽  
E. Pérez Hernández ◽  
E. J. S. Sonuga-Barke ◽  
C. James
Keyword(s):  
Low Frequency ◽  
Wave Pattern ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Related Field ◽  
Very Low Frequency ◽  
Visual Component ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
Trial Analysis

In functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) studies, the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal displays intrinsic spontaneous and task-independent very low frequency (VLF) oscillations (< 0.1 Hz). Most prominent during rest, when they persist into task sessions they can predict trial-to-trial variability in both evoked behavior and brain responses by providing a baseline onto which deterministic responses elicited by the task are superimposed. Moreover, evidence in the literature tentatively suggests that this VLF activity may not be present in the data as distinct, independent source(s) per se, but rather as a mechanism that modulates and perhaps even governs underlying brain processes. Here, we use electrophysiology to investigate the intertrial variability observed in magnetoencephalographic (MEG) event-related field (ERF) components, and to examine whether this variability exhibits a VLF time signature in order to indirectly infer information about the underlying slow waves. The focus is on the visual component, the M100, understood to be regulated by attention. We also explored whether individual differences in the M100 VLF pattern varies as a function of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by comparing 11 cases against 11 controls. The M100 component was extracted from the data using a recently introduced blind-source separation technique – space-time independent component analysis (ST-ICA) – which allowed trial-by-trial analysis to be performed on the M100 for proper assessment of VLF modulation. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the ability of this signal-processing method to isolate relevant components from multidimensional, noisy, ERF data recorded from a highly dense 148-channel MEG system. The intertrial variability in the amplitude and latency of the M100 responses exhibits a slow wave pattern (< 0.1 Hz). However, there was no evidence that the degree of VLF modulation was different in ADHD participants. The role of this VLF activity in brain function is discussed.

scholarly journals Contribution of Exploratory Methods to the Investigation of Extended Large-Scale Brain Networks in Functional MRI: Methodologies, Results, and Challenges

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Perlbarg ◽  
G. Marrelec
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Functional Interactions ◽  
Efficient Exploration

A large-scale brain network can be defined as a set of segregated and integrated regions, that is, distant regions that share strong anatomical connections and functional interactions. Data-driven investigation of such networks has recently received a great deal of attention in blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We here review the rationale for such an investigation, the methods used, the results obtained, and also discuss some issues that have to be faced for an efficient exploration.

scholarly journals T145. EFFECTS OF CANNABIDIOL ON EMOTION PROCESSING IN PSYCHOSIS RISK: AN FMRI INVESTIGATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S286-S286
Author(s):  
Cathy Davies ◽  
Robin Wilson ◽  
Elizabeth Appiah-Kusi ◽  
Michael Brammer ◽  
Jesus Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Emotion Processing ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Parallel Group Design

Abstract Background There is currently a lack of effective pharmacological treatment for people at Clinical High Risk of Psychosis (CHR), who present with emotional dysregulation and high levels of anxiety. These individuals also show altered neural responses to emotional stimuli in key brain regions implicated in psychosis onset, including the striatum and medial temporal lobe. Cannabidiol (CBD), a non-intoxicating constituent of the cannabis plant, is thought to have antipsychotic and anxiolytic properties. The effects of CBD on brain function in CHR individuals during emotion processing has not been tested before. Methods In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group design, 33 CHR individuals received a single oral 600mg dose of CBD or matched placebo, while 19 healthy controls did not receive any drug. Participants were studied using an emotion processing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm. Using a region-of-interest approach, we examined the differences in brain activation related to the CHR state and the effects of CBD, indexed using the blood oxygen level-dependent haemodynamic response fMRI signal. Results Compared to controls (n=19), CHR participants receiving placebo (n=15) showed significantly greater activation in the medial temporal lobe and less activation in the striatum during emotion processing. Within these same regions, activation in the CBD group (n=15) was (significantly) intermediate between that of the placebo and control groups. That is, CBD attenuated medial temporal and enhanced striatal activation in CHR participants. Discussion These findings suggest that CBD modulates the function of brain regions strongly implicated in psychosis onset and altered emotion processing. Further research is required to examine whether these neurofunctional effects translate into clinical efficacy after a period of treatment.

Emotion dysregulation and functional brain network topology in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammo Viering ◽  
Pieter J. Pieter J. Hoekstra ◽  
Alexandra Philipsen ◽  
Jilly Naaijen ◽  
Andrea Dietrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Network Topology ◽  
Latent Variable ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Graph Analysis ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Functional Brain Network ◽  
The Right

Abstract Emotion dysregulation is common in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is highly prevalent in adult ADHD and related to reduced well-being and social impairments. Neuroimaging studies reported neural activity changes in ADHD in brain regions associated with emotion processing and regulation. It is however unknown whether deficit in emotion regulation relate to changes in functional brain network topology in these regions. We used a combination of graph analysis and structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyze resting-state functional connectivity in 147 well-characterized young adults with ADHD and age-matched healthy controls from the NeuroMAGE database. Emotion dysregulation was gauged with four scales obtained from questionnaires and operationalized through a latent variable derived from SEM. Graph analysis was applied to resting-state data and network topology measures were entered into SEM models to identify brain regions whose local network integration and connectedness differed between subjects and predicted emotion dysregulation. The latent variable of emotion dysregulation was characterized by scales gauging emotional distress, emotional symptoms, conduct symptoms, and emotional lability. In individuals with ADHD characterized by prominent hyperactivity-impulsivity, the latent emotion dysregulation variable was related to an increased clustering and local efficiency of the right insula. Thus, in the presence of hyperactivity-impulsivity, clustered network formation of the right insula may underpin emotion dysregulation in adult ADHD.

MODELING FLUCTUATIONS IN DEFAULT-MODE BRAIN NETWORK USING A SPIKING NEURAL NETWORK

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 1250016 ◽  
Author(s):  
TERUYA YAMANISHI ◽  
JIAN-QIN LIU ◽  
HARUHIKO NISHIMURA
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Neural System ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Transmission Delays ◽  
Brain Signals

Recently, numerous attempts have been made to understand the dynamic behavior of complex brain systems using neural network models. The fluctuations in blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) brain signals at less than 0.1 Hz have been observed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for subjects in a resting state. This phenomenon is referred to as a "default-mode brain network." In this study, we model the default-mode brain network by functionally connecting neural communities composed of spiking neurons in a complex network. Through computational simulations of the model, including transmission delays and complex connectivity, the network dynamics of the neural system and its behavior are discussed. The results show that the power spectrum of the modeled fluctuations in the neuron firing patterns is consistent with the default-mode brain network's BOLD signals when transmission delays, a characteristic property of the brain, have finite values in a given range.

scholarly journals Partly Separated Activations in the Spatial Distribution betweende-qiand Sharp Pain during Acupuncture Stimulation: An fMRI-Based Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinbo Sun ◽  
Yuanqiang Zhu ◽  
Lingmin Jin ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Karen M. von Deneen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Central Mechanism ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Acupuncture Stimulation ◽  
Definite Answer ◽  
Sharp Pain ◽  
Bold Responses ◽  
De Qi

Nowadays, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has become one of the most important ways to explore the central mechanism of acupuncture. Among these studies, activations around the somatosensory-related brain network had the most robust blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) responses. However, due to the insufficient control of the subjective sensations during acupuncture stimulation, whether these robust activations reflected the pattern ofde-qi, sharp pain, ormixed(de-qi+ sharp pain) sensations was largely unknown. The current study recruited 50 subjects and grouped them into two groups according to whether he/she experienced sharp pain during acupuncture stimulation to give a definite answer to the aforesaid question. Our results indicated that BOLD responses associated withde-qiduring acupuncture stimulation at ST36 were activation dominated. Furthermore, both the quantitative and qualitative differences of BOLD responses betweende-qiand mixed sensations evoked by acupuncture stimulation were significant. The pattern of BOLD responses of sharp pain might be partly separated from that ofde-qiin the spatial distribution. Therefore, we proposed that in order to explore the specific central mechanism of acupuncture, subjects with sharp pain should be excluded from those with onlyde-qi.

scholarly journals Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Mathematical Expertise

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
Miseon Shim ◽  
Han-Jeong Hwang ◽  
Ulrike Kuhl ◽  
Hyeon-Ae Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level Dependent ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Blood Oxygen Level ◽  
Orbital Gyrus ◽  
Neural Efficiency ◽  
Mathematical Expertise

To what extent are different levels of expertise reflected in the functional connectivity of the brain? We addressed this question by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in mathematicians versus non-mathematicians. To this end, we investigated how the two groups of participants differ in the correlation of their spontaneous blood oxygen level-dependent fluctuations across the whole brain regions during resting state. Moreover, by using the classification algorithm in machine learning, we investigated whether the resting-state fMRI networks between mathematicians and non-mathematicians were distinguished depending on features of functional connectivity. We showed diverging involvement of the frontal–thalamic–temporal connections for mathematicians and the medial–frontal areas to precuneus and the lateral orbital gyrus to thalamus connections for non-mathematicians. Moreover, mathematicians who had higher scores in mathematical knowledge showed a weaker connection strength between the left and right caudate nucleus, demonstrating the connections’ characteristics related to mathematical expertise. Separate functional networks between the two groups were validated with a maximum classification accuracy of 91.19% using the distinct resting-state fMRI-based functional connectivity features. We suggest the advantageous role of preconfigured resting-state functional connectivity, as well as the neural efficiency for experts’ successful performance.

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