scholarly journals Polygenic contribution to the relationship of loneliness and social isolation with schizophrenia

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Andreu-Bernabeu ◽  
Covadonga M. Díaz-Caneja ◽  
Javier Costas ◽  
Lucía De Hoyos ◽  
Carol Stella ◽  
...  

AbstractPrevious research suggests an association of loneliness and social isolation (LNL-ISO) with schizophrenia. Here, we demonstrate a LNL-ISO polygenic score contribution to schizophrenia risk in an independent case-control sample (N = 3,488). We then subset schizophrenia predisposing variation based on its effect on LNL-ISO. We find that genetic variation with concordant effects in both phenotypes shows significant SNP-based heritability enrichment, higher polygenic contribution in females, and positive covariance with mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, alcohol dependence, and autism. Conversely, genetic variation with discordant effects only contributes to schizophrenia risk in males and is negatively correlated with those disorders. Mendelian randomization analyses demonstrate a plausible bi-directional causal relationship between LNL-ISO and schizophrenia, with a greater effect of LNL-ISO liability on schizophrenia than vice versa. These results illustrate the genetic footprint of LNL-ISO on schizophrenia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Andreu-Bernabeu ◽  
C.M. Díaz-Caneja ◽  
J. Costas ◽  
L. de Hoyos ◽  
C. Stella ◽  
...  

ABSTRACTThere is increasing recognition of the association between loneliness and social isolation (LNL-ISO) with schizophrenia. Here, we demonstrate significant LNL-ISO polygenic score prediction on schizophrenia in an independent case-control sample (N=3,488). We then dissect schizophrenia predisposing variation into subsets of variants based on their effect on LNL-ISO. Genetic variation with concordant effects in both phenotypes show significant SNP-based heritability enrichment, higher polygenic predictive ability in females and positive covariance with other mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, attention-deficit hyperactivity, alcohol use disorder, and autism. Conversely, genetic variation with discordant effects is only predictive in males and negatively correlated with those disorders. This correlation pattern is not observed for bipolar and obsessive-compulsive disorders. Mendelian randomization analyses demonstrate a plausible bi-directional causal relationship between LNL-ISO and schizophrenia, with a greater effect of LNL-ISO liability on schizophrenia. These results illustrate the genetic footprint of LNL-ISO on schizophrenia and suggest its role as a potential target for early intervention.


2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
Elly Wahyuni ◽  
Epti Yorita ◽  
Kintan Anissa

Abstract: Disease Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that attacks lung tissue, characterized by a cough accompanied by rapid breath or shortness of breath. Riskesdas in 2013 shows the incidence of pneumonia in Indonesia is 1.8% with a prevalence of 4.5%. If translated by number then at least from 23 infants who died every hour and 4 of them because of pneumonia and in 2015 there are 554,650 cases of reported pneumonia. This study aims to determine the relationship of nutritional status with the incidence of pneumonia in infants in hospitals dr. M Yunus Bengkulu Year 2017. The research method used is a quantitative survey with case control approach retrospectively. The number of samples for the case was 28 toddlers and for the control sample of 56 infants. The results of this study found that the variables of nutritional status and age there is a significant relationship with the incidence of pneumonia in toddlers with the value p = 0.00 OR = 9.2273 and p = 0.001 OR = 1.077. And there is no sex relationship with the incidence of pneumonia with p = 1.00. So the conclusion of this study is there is a significant relationship between nutritional status and age with the incidence of pneumonia in infants in hospitals dr. M Yunus Bengkulu where the variable age as an outside variable. The suggestion of this research is can be used as literature to increase the insight and information and health education, can increase the knowledge of health personnel to be more competent in handling the case of pneumonia, and hopefully the result of this research can be used as input or comparison material for subsequent researchers and Other researchers may develop research by linking other factors.


2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
Jiakai Jiang ◽  
Weifeng Tang ◽  
Longgen Liu

Abstract C677T (Ala>Val, rs1801133 C>T), a non-synonymous variant of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, has been found to be associated with an impair enzyme activity of MTHFR. The relationship of MTHFR rs1801133 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been extensively investigated. However, the findings were conflicting. Recently, more investigations have been conducted on the relationship of MTHFR rs1801133 with HCC. To obtain a more precise assessment on the effect of this non-synonymous variant to the development of HCC, a pooled-analysis was performed. This meta-analysis consisted of 19 independent case–control studies. By using the odds ratio (OR) combined with 95% confidence interval (CI), the relationship of MTHFR rs1801133 with HCC risk was determined. A total of 19 independent case–control studies were included. Finally, 6,102 HCC cases and 6,526 controls were recruited to examine the relationship of MTHFR rs1801133 with HCC risk. In recessive model (TT vs. CC/CT), the findings reached statistical significance (OR, 0.90; 95%CI, 0.82–0.98; P = 0.016). Subgroup analysis also found an association between MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism and the decreased risk of HCC in hepatitis/virus related patients (recessive model: OR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.72–0.99; P = 0.035, and allele model: OR, 0.90; 95%CI, 0.81–0.99; P = 0.028). Subgroup analyses indicated that extreme heterogeneity existed in Asian population, larger sample size investigation, hospital-based study and normal/healthy control subgroups. The shape of Begger’s seemed symmetrical. Egger’s linear regression test also confirmed these evaluations. Sensitivity analyses suggested that our findings were stable. In summary, our results highlight that MTHFR rs1801133 polymorphism decreases HCC susceptibility. The relationship warrants a further assessment.


1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 111-111
Author(s):  
V.C. Flamarique ◽  
R.M. Lewis ◽  
G. Simm

Excess fat in lamb is regarded as an important reason for less lamb meat being purchased by consumers. This has encouraged the development and use (particularly in Terminal Sire breeds) of selection indices that can identify animals that will sire leaner progeny. These indices usually include live weight and in vivo predictors of body composition, such as an ultrasonic measurement of muscle and fat depth, as selection criteria (Simm and Dingwall, 1989). But the usefulness of such in vivo measurements as predictors of carcass composition depends on the correlation between, and the variation in, live and carcass measures. The objectives of this study were to determine the strength of the relationship between ultrasound and dissection measures of carcass composition, and the degree of genetic variation in these measures, in crossbred progeny of Suffolk rams.


Author(s):  
Farah Iylia Binti Fauzi ◽  
Siti Fatimah Binti Salleh ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat Hossen

COVID-19 is a highly contagious virus that first appeared in China in December 2019. It has affected over 157 million people and killed over 3.2 million. The paper reviews the function of the immune system for COVID-19 prevention, depression, and anxiety due to COVID-19 and their effects on the immune system and the relationship of aging with the immune system and depression and anxiety. It has been found that several elderly people lack the coping mechanisms required to deal with the stress caused by COVID-19. Hence, identifying the factors and mechanisms that lead to this resilience will aid in the development of preventive measures for certain elderly people and groups with more severe mental health problems. Additionally, it would be beneficial to understand how technology could be leveraged to accomplish this goal. During the pandemic, various steps such as social isolation, quarantine, and self-isolation are needed to be implemented properly to slow the spread of the virus. Meanwhile, to help halt the pandemic, everybody must be vaccinated as soon as possible until any bans on social gatherings and social isolation can be removed, allowing other sectors such as schooling, social activities, and life to resume normalcy.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Metha Fahriani ◽  
Sefti Fusvita Sari ◽  
Yuni Ramadhaniati

In 2017 the number of maternal deaths was 28, consisting of 6 maternal deaths, 10 maternal deaths and 12 puerperal maternal deaths. The purpose of this study is to know the relationship of age and parity with the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women at dr. M. Yunus Hospital in Bengkulu year 2018. The type of research used is case control. The population in this study were all pregnant women in dr. M. Yunus Hospital in Bengkulu year 2018. The sampling technique was a case sample using total sampling, namely all pregnant women with preeclampsia and control samples using systematic random sampling technique that is sampling using multiples recorded in the hospital register of dr. M. Yunus Hospital in Bengkulu year 2018. The results of this study there is no relationship between age and the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women at RSUD dr. M. Yunus in 2018. With the value of p = 0.424> α = 0.05 and the value of Odds Ratio or Risk Estimate = 1.496 and there is a significant relationship between parity and the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women at RSUD dr. M. Yunus Bengkulu in 2018. With the value of p = 0.011 <α = 0.05 with the medium category.It is expected that the results of this study can be a program development and service improvement in reducing the prevalence of preeclampsia.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Maya Sofiyani ◽  
M Imron Mawardi ◽  
P Sigit Purnomo ◽  
Hariza Adnani

The effort of leptospirosis prevention in Sleman currently only limited to counseling and treatment of the patient, while the patient search, ways of transmission of leptospirosis from rats to humans, have never implemented in an integrated manner. The study aimed to investigated the relationship between the environmental residential condition with the risk of leptospirosis in Sleman Regency. The research used a survey method  with case control study design. The results showed that environmental factors, which are not proved to have a relationship with the risk of leptospirosis were residential condition ({p=0,108} OR=3,818 {95%CI:0,922–15,811}), the trash bin condition ({p=1,000} OR=1,138 {95%CI:0,420–3,081}) and the sewer condition ({p=0,415} OR=0,551 {95%CI:0,187–1,624}). Environmental factors that associated with the risk of leptospirosis was the presence of rats ({p=0,001} OR=13,594 {95%CI:2,754–67,107}). The effort should be made in order to prevent the increasement of Leptospirosis cases by sanitation improvement and avoiding direct contact with rats as well as it litter. The Government should be pay more attention in the vector control programs, especially in leptospirosis prone areas so the prevention effort to be able run effectively and efficiently.


2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 17 ◽  
pp. 903-908
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asif Syed ◽  
Aneela Atta Ur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Shah Syed ◽  
Naveed Masood Memon

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