scholarly journals Outcomes associated with anaesthetic techniques for caesarean section in low- and middle-income countries: a secondary analysis of WHO surveys

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pisake Lumbiganon ◽  
Hla Moe ◽  
Siriporn Kamsa-ard ◽  
Siwanon Rattanakanokchai ◽  
Malinee Laopaiboon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Anaesthetic Techniques ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Co-morbid anaemia and stunting among children of pre-school age in low- and middle-income countries: a syndemic

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thach Duc Tran ◽  
Beverley-Ann Biggs ◽  
Sara Holton ◽  
Hau Thi Minh Nguyen ◽  
Sarah Hanieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Disadvantaged Children ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Low And Middle Income

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of co-morbidity of two important global health challenges, anaemia and stunting, among children aged 6–59 months in low- and middle-income countries.DesignSecondary analysis of data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted 2005–2015. Child stunting and anaemia were defined using current WHO classifications. Sociodemographic characteristics of children with anaemia, stunting and co-morbidity of these conditions were compared with those of ‘healthy’ children in the sample (children who were not stunted and not anaemic) using multiple logistic models.SettingLow- and middle-income countries.SubjectsChildren aged 6–59 months.ResultsData from 193 065 children from forty-three countries were included. The pooled proportion of co-morbid anaemia and stunting was 21·5 (95 % CI 21·2, 21·9) %, ranging from the lowest in Albania (2·6 %; 95 % CI 1·8, 3·7 %) to the highest in Yemen (43·3; 95 % CI 40·6, 46·1 %). Compared with the healthy group, children with co-morbidity were more likely to be living in rural areas, have mothers or main carers with lower educational levels and to live in poorer households. Inequality in children who had both anaemia and stunting was apparent in all countries.ConclusionsCo-morbid anaemia and stunting among young children is highly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries, especially among more disadvantaged children. It is suggested that they be considered under a syndemic framework, the Childhood Anaemia and Stunting (CHAS) Syndemic, which acknowledges the interacting nature of these diseases and the social and environmental factors that promote their negative interaction.

scholarly journals Materno-fetal and neonatal outcomes associated with caesarean section delivery in private and public hospitals in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idrissa Beogo ◽  
Amadou Darboue ◽  
Tiara Marthias ◽  
Sia Drissa ◽  
Tchouaket Nguemeleu Eric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Caesarean Section Delivery ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background: Advancement in medicine has improved birth assistance. As a result, caesarean section delivery (CSD) has become the most commonly performed surgical procedure. The exponential growth has now skewed toward low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) despite the well-established morbimortality risk and extra costs associated to this procedure. The expansion of private healthcare sector may be playing a significant role. The objective of this review synthesizes knowledge and investigates the difference in materno-fetal and neonatal outcomes of CSD in the perinatal period, between private and public hospitals. Methods: Medline, Embase, Cinhal, Cochrane Database, LILACS, and HINARI were screened for peer-reviewed published studies in English and French, from 1990 to 2019, in human subjects and supplemented by manual searches. The studies included were prospective and retrospective cohort studies, cross-sectional and Delphi studies comparing perinatal outcomes of women whose neonates were delivered by caesarean section and by vaginal delivery in public and private hospitals. In total, the searches yielded 7,762 studies, assessed independently by two assessors. Of these, 26 quantitative studies were included which risk of bias was considered fairly low.Results: Elective or not, CSD is associated with a variety of outcomes, including death for both the mother and the neonate. Low quality of life, postpartum depression, infections, and scars were burdens attributable to CSD in both sectors. CSD is associated with less urinary incontinence compared to vaginal delivery but no difference exists in early skin-to-skin contact or in early breastfeeding introduction. Finally, across continents, Africa leads in terms of adverse consequences.Discussion/Conclusion: Private facilities surpassed public ones in CSD rate but were associated with the least severe materno-neonatal outcomes. Countries like China are succeeding through robust policies interventions formulation to contain the CSD epidemic and the health issues associated thereto.

scholarly journals Breastfeeding support in low and middle-income countries: Secondary analysis of national survey data

Midwifery ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 102601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Peven ◽  
Edward Purssell ◽  
Cath Taylor ◽  
Debra Bick ◽  
Velma K. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
National Survey ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

scholarly journals Effectiveness of interventions for dementia in low- and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review, pairwise and network meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e027851
Author(s):  
Maximilian Salcher-Konrad ◽  
Huseyin Naci ◽  
David McDaid ◽  
Suvarna Alladi ◽  
Deborah Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Low And Middle Income

IntroductionThere are more people living with dementia in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) than in high-income countries. Evidence-based interventions to improve the lives of people living with dementia and their carers are needed, but a systematic mapping of methodologically robust studies in LMICs and synthesis of the effectiveness of dementia interventions in these settings is missing.Methods and analysisA systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted to answer the question: Which dementia interventions were shown to be effective in LMICs and how do they compare to each other? Electronic database searches (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL Plus, Global Health, WHO Global Index Medicus, Virtual Health Library, Cochrane CENTRAL, Social Care Online, BASE, MODEM Toolkit, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) will be complemented by hand searching of reference lists and local knowledge of existing studies from an international network of researchers in dementia from LMICs. Studies will be eligible for inclusion if they were published between 2008 and 2018, conducted in LMICs and evaluated the effectiveness of a dementia intervention using a study design that supports causal inference of the treatment effect. We will include both randomised and non-randomised studies due to an anticipated low number of well-conducted randomised trials in LMICs and potentially greater external validity of non-randomised studies conducted in routine care settings. In addition to narrative synthesis of the interventions, feasibility of pairwise and network meta-analyses will be explored to obtain pooled effects of relative treatment effects.Ethics and disseminationSecondary analysis of published studies, therefore no ethics approval required. Planned dissemination channels include a peer-reviewed publication as well as a website, DVD and evidence summaries.Prospero registration numberCRD42018106206.

scholarly journals Conceptualising sustainability in the surgical work of non-governmental organisations in low and middle-income countries : a scoping review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e048046
Author(s):  
Emma Goettke ◽  
Clare Coultas ◽  
Michelle White ◽  
Andrew J M Leather
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Stakeholder Consultation ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
Anaesthesia Care ◽  
Low And Middle Income

IntroductionSustainability remains poorly defined in global surgery, yet is, nevertheless, crucial to the work of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) aimed at strengthening access to, and quality of, surgical and anaesthesia care. The objective of this protocol is to outline a scoping review that maps what is known in the literature about sustainability in NGO surgical work in LMICs.MethodsThe application of Arksey and O’Malley’s six-stage methodological framework is described: identifying research questions; identifying relevant publications; selecting publications; charting the data; reporting results; and stakeholder consultation. The review will include all study designs, as well as editorials, commentaries, sources of unpublished studies and grey literature. Three electronic databases will be searched. Two reviewers will use predefined and iteratively refined selection criteria based on the ‘Population–Concept–Context’ framework to independently screen titles and abstracts of citations from the search. Disagreements will be resolved together by the reviewers. Full-text screening will also be carried out independently by two reviewers. Disagreements at this stage will be resolved with a third party. The search strategy for grey literature will include searching in ProQuest Dissertations and Theses and the websites listed in a surgical NGO database. Further relevant citations will be identified by screening the reference lists of the included papers.Ethics and disseminationThis review will undertake a secondary analysis of data already collected and does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated through journals and conferences targeting surgical NGO stakeholders and global health academics.

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