scholarly journals Diversification and post-glacial range expansion of giant North American camel spiders in genus Eremocosta (Solifugae: Eremobatidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos E. Santibáñez-López ◽  
Paula E. Cushing ◽  
Alexsis M. Powell ◽  
Matthew R. Graham
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Mojave Desert ◽  
Chihuahuan Desert ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Arid Ecosystems ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Large Species ◽  
Biogeographic History ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
The Family

AbstractSpecies of camel spiders in the family Eremobatidae are an important component of arthropod communities in arid ecosystems throughout North America. Recently, research demonstrated that the evolutionary history and biogeography of the family are poorly understood. Herein we explore the biogeographic history of this group of arachnids using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data, morphology, and distribution modelling to study the eremobatid genus Eremocosta, which contains exceptionally large species distributed throughout North American deserts. Relationships among sampled species were resolved with strong support and they appear to have diversified within distinct desert regions along an east-to-west progression beginning in the Chihuahuan Desert. The unexpected phylogenetic position of some samples suggests that the genus may contain additional, morphologically cryptic species. Geometric morphometric analyses reveal a largely conserved cheliceral morphology among Eremocosta spp. Phylogeographic analyses indicate that the distribution of E. titania was substantially reduced during the last glacial maximum and the species only recently colonized much of the Mojave Desert. Results from this study underscore the power of genome-wide data for unlocking the genetic potential of museum specimens, which is especially promising for organisms like camel spiders that are notoriously difficult to collect.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic placement of Paratrichaptum and reconsideration of Gloeophyllales

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.-C. Chen ◽  
B. Cao ◽  
T. Hattori ◽  
B.-K. Cui ◽  
C.-Y. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Nuclear Rdna ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ancestral States ◽  
Relic Species

Paratrichaptum accuratum is a large conspicuous polypore fungus growing on dead or living angiosperm trees in subtropical-boreal areas of China, Indonesia, Japan, and Taiwan. The present study places P. accuratum in the family Gloeophyllaceae that belongs to the order Gloeophyllales within Agaricomycetes (Basidiomycota), based on evidence derived from morphological and ecological characteristics, and phylogenetic analyses of sequences of nuclear rDNA regions (5.8S, nuc 18S, nuc 28S) and protein-coding genes (rpb1, rpb2, and tef1). The analyses presented in this study also give strong support for including Jaapia in Gloeophyllaceae and Gloeophyllales. Thus, the names Jaapiaceae and Jaapiales are considered here as synonyms of Gloeophyllaceae and Gloeophyllales. Since Paratrichaptum represents the earliest diverging lineage in Gloeophyllales, pileate basidiocarps and brown rot appear to be ancestral states of Gloeophyllales. Paratrichaptum accuratum may represent a relic species, according to its phylogenetic position, peculiar distribution pattern and rare occurrence.

scholarly journals The double odyssey of Madagascan polystome flatworms leads to new insights on the origins of their amphibian hosts

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1662) ◽  
pp. 1575-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Verneau ◽  
Louis H Du Preez ◽  
Véronique Laurent ◽  
Liliane Raharivololoniaina ◽  
Frank Glaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Late Mesozoic ◽  
Biogeographic History ◽  
On This Island ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Origin ◽  
High Species Richness

Polystomatid flatworms are parasites of high host specificity, which mainly infect amphibian hosts. Only one polystome species has so far been recorded from Madagascar despite the high species richness and endemicity of amphibians on this island. Out of the 86 screened Malagasy frog species, we recovered polystomes from 25 in the families Ptychadenidae and Mantellidae. Molecular phylogenetic analysis uncovered an unexpected diversity of polystome species belonging to two separate clades: one forming a lineage within the genus Metapolystoma , with one species in Ptychadena and several species in the mantellid host genera Aglyptodactylus and Boophis ; and the second corresponding to an undescribed genus that was found in the species of the subfamily Mantellinae in the family Mantellidae. The phylogenetic position of the undescribed genus along with molecular dating suggests that it may have colonized Madagascar in the Late Mesozoic or Early Cainozoic. By contrast, the more recent origin of Metapolystoma in Madagascar at ca 14–2 Myr ago strongly suggests that the ancestors of Ptychadena mascareniensis colonized Madagascar naturally by overseas dispersal, carrying their Metapolystoma parasites. Our findings provide a striking example of how parasite data can supply novel insights into the biogeographic history of their hosts.

scholarly journals Origin and evolution of the Haustoriidae (Amphipoda): A eulogy for the Haustoriidira

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary B. Hancock ◽  
Hiroshi Ogawa ◽  
Jessica E. Light ◽  
Mary K. Wicksten
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Impact Crater ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
Limited Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Abilities ◽  
Recent Attention

ABSTRACTHaustoriid amphipods, despite their ubiquity in coastal sand or mud, have received little recent attention and their systematics and phylogenetics are largely unresolved. Some efforts have been made at classifying the family within the broader Amphipoda, but there is persistent incongruence in its placement among different authors and techniques. Furthermore, there exists no phylogenetic hypothesis of intrafamilial relationships despite the potential for rich biogeographic information to be gained given the specific habitat requirements of haustoriids and their limited dispersal abilities. In this work, we evaluate the competing hypotheses on the phylogenetic position of the Haustoriidae within Amphipoda by examining new and previously published sequences of nearly 100 species across 38 families. We find strong support for the Haustoriidae as basal gammarids, and that other families placed within the parvorder “Haustoriidira” are spread across Amphipoda. The radiation began during the Eocene and may have been driven in North America by the rapid filling of a coastal niche opened by the Chesapeake Bay impact crater. Unlike previous work, we find that the Pacific-endemic genus Eohaustorius is the most basal haustoriid, and that it separated from the rest of the family ~31 Mya. Finally, based on ancestral reconstructions, we provide taxonomic recommendations for relationships within Haustoriidae, including the elevation of a new genus, Cryptohaustorius. We conclude by recommending that the “Haustoriidira” be abandoned.

The first troglobitic species of Gymnobisiidae (Pseudoscorpiones : Neobisioidea), from Table Mountain (Western Cape Province, South Africa) and its phylogenetic position

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Harvey ◽  
Joel A. Huey ◽  
Mia J. Hillyer ◽  
Erin McIntyre ◽  
Gonzalo Giribet
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Protein ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
Cave System ◽  
Table Mountain ◽  
The Family ◽  
Afrotropical Region

Fully troglobitic pseudoscorpions are rare in the Afrotropical Region, and we explored the identity and phylogenetic relationships of specimens of a highly modified troglobite of the family Gymnobisiidae in the dark zone of the Wynberg Cave system, on Table Mountain, South Africa. This large pseudoscorpion – described as Gymnobisium inukshuk Harvey & Giribet, sp. nov. – lacks eyes and has extremely long appendages, and has been found together with other troglobitic fauna endemic only to this cave system. Phylogenetic analyses using the nuclear ribosomal genes 18S rRNA and 28S rRNA and the mitochondrial protein-encoding gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I unambiguously place the new species with other surface Gymnobisium from South Africa. This placement receives strong support and is stable to analytical treatments, including static and dynamic homology, parsimony and maximum likelihood, and data removal for ambiguously aligned sites. This species is the first troglobitic species of the family and one of the most highly modified pseudoscorpions from the Afrotropical Region. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5227092B-A64B-4DB3-AD90-F474F0BA6AED

A revision of generic boundaries and nomenclature in the North American cleomoid clade (Cleomaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 205 (3) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric H. Roalson ◽  
Jocelyn C. Hall ◽  
James P. Riser II ◽  
Warren M. Cardinal-McTeague ◽  
Theodore S. Cochrane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
The North ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
The Family ◽  
Large Genus ◽  
Name Changes

The family Cleomaceae is in need of taxonomic revision, which begins here with a set of taxa informally recognized as the North American cleomoid clade. This group is evaluated first because molecular-based analyses almost comprehensively sample this lineage. These investigations revealed that the two largest genera, Cleomella and Peritoma, are para- or polyphyletic. Strong support from molecular data necessitates name changes for these taxa. Furthermore, controversy exists on the recognition of the remaining genera, owing to morphological variation and specialization. Three possible classification scenarios are described to accommodate monophyletic lineages based on previously-published evidence. The option to create the single large genus Cleomella is proposed, and as a result one new name, Cleomella oxystyloides, is provided, and 12 new combinations are made: C. arborea, C. arborea var. angustata, C. arborea var. globosa, C. californica, C. jonesii, C. lutea, C. multicaulis, C. palmeri, C. platycarpa, C. refracta, C. serrulata, and C. sparsifolia. Two lectotypes and one isolectotype are designated, and another lectotype is confirmed.

scholarly journals Implementation of the Family HELP Protocol: A Feasibility Project for a West Texas ICU

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Rebecca McClay
Keyword(s):  
Strong Support ◽  
Family Intervention ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Positive Perception ◽  
Family Presence ◽  
West Texas ◽  
The Family ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
High Level ◽  
Near Future

The purpose of this project was to determine if bedside intensive care unit (ICU) nurse buy-in to the Family Hospital Elder Life Program (HELP) protocol was sufficient to make implementation feasible at one county hospital in West Texas. Surveys were anonymous with ballot box collection being available to the bedside ICU nurses for one week each. Questions were based on literature findings of expected outcomes, identified barriers and facilitators, Calgary Family Intervention Method framework domains, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Framework for program evaluation. Outcome measures were taken from the stated aims of the project and evaluated from paired baseline and summative survey questions. Survey participation was approximately half of nurses employed in the studied ICU. Analysis of the surveys showed a positive perception of family presence decreasing patient delirium symptoms, and a positive perception of the Family HELP protocol. The results described a high perception of family members as partners in care and high intention to implement the Family HELP protocol, indicating strong support of a full implementation of the protocol. The high level of bedside nurse buy-in present in this study has large implications for successful implementation of the Family HELP protocol in the near future, with sustainability and continued use supported by potential inclusion of the task in the electronic health record charting.

Contribution to the Morphology of a Pine Web-spinning Sawfly, Cephalcia marginata Middlekauff (Hymenoptera: Pamphiliidae)

1955 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 382-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rivard
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Subject

In studies of sawflies, the family Pamphiliidae has been much neglected especially from the morphological stand point. Yuasa (1922) made a study of the larvae, but the genus Cephalcia was dealt with rather briefly. Ross (1937) and Benson (1945) made comparative morphological studies of the adults and showed the phylogenetic position of the family. More recently, Middlekauff (1953) published a description of Cephalcia marginata, a pine web-spinning sawfly which was the subject of the present study.

NORTH AMERICAN WATER MITES OF THE FAMILY MOMONIIDAE VIETS (ACARI: ARRENUROIDEA). IV. REVISION OF SPECIES OF STYGOMOMONIA (SENSU STRICTO) SZALAY, 1943

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Water Mites ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
New Diagnosis ◽  
First Time

AbstractMorphological, life history, and distributional data are presented for North American species of the subgenus Stygomomonia (sensu stricto) Szalay, 1943. Adults of the seven previously recognized species are redescribed, and deutonymphs of five of these species are described for the first time. Two species, S. (s.s.) neomexicana Cook and S. (s.s.) occidentalis Cook are substantially revised on the basis of an examination of the types and extensive series of newly collected specimens. Three new species are described, S. (s.s.) californiensis on the basis of deutonymphs and adults, and S. (s.s.) imamurai and S. (s.s.) cooki on the basis of adults. A new diagnosis of the subgenus is proposed and discussed, the relationships of the various species are discussed, and a key to deutonymphs and adults of North American species is presented. New distributional data are presented for all species, and dispersal patterns from Pleistocene refugia are discussed.

Resolving the Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866) complex with remarks on the monophyletic status of Louriniidae, Monard 1927 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5051 (1) ◽  
pp. 346-386
Author(s):  
SÜPHAN KARAYTUĞ ◽  
SERDAR SAK ◽  
ALP ALPER ◽  
SERDAR SÖNMEZ
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Nicobar Island ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Family ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Almost All

An attempt was made to test if Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866)—as it is currently diagnosed—represents a species complex. Detailed examination and comparisons of several specimens collected from different localities suggest that L. armata indeed represents a complex of four closely related morphospecies that can be differentiated from one another by only detailed observations. One of the four species is identified as Lourinia aff. armata and the other three species are described as new to science and named as Lourinia wellsi sp. nov., L. gocmeni sp. nov., and L. aldabraensis sp. nov. Detailed review of previous species records indicates that the genus Lourinia Wilson, 1924 is distributed worldwide. Ceyloniella nicobarica Sewell, 1940, originally described from Nicobar Island and previously considered a junior subjective synonym of L. armata is reinstated as Lourinia nicobarica (Sewell, 1940) comb. nov. on the basis of the unique paddle-shaped caudal ramus seta V. It is postulated that almost all of these records are unreliable in terms of representing true Lourinia aff. armata described herein. On the other hand, the comparative evaluation of the illustrations and descriptions in the published literature indicates the presence of several new species waiting to be discovered in the genus Lourinia.                 It has been determined that, according to updated modern keys, the recent inclusion of the monotypic genus Archeolourinia Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 in the Louriniidae is not justified since Archeolourinia shermani Corgosinho & Schizas, 2013 does not belong to this family but should be assigned to the Canthocamptidae. On the other hand, it has been argued that the exact phylogenetic position of the Louriniidae still remains problematic since none of the diagnostic characters supports the monophyly of the family within the Oligoarthra. It has also been argued that the close relationship between Louriniidae and Canthocamptidae is supported since both families share the homologous sexual dimorphism (apophysis) on P3 endopod. The most important characteristic that can possibly be used to define Louriniidae is the reduction of maxilliped.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document