scholarly journals Assessment of factors associated with PSA level in prostate cancer cases and controls from three geographical regions

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishi Karunasinghe ◽  
Tsion Zewdu Minas ◽  
Bo-Ying Bao ◽  
Arier Lee ◽  
Alice Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Independent Case ◽  
Genetic Stratification ◽  
And Control

AbstractIt is being debated whether prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening effectively reduces prostate cancer mortality. Some of the uncertainty could be related to deficiencies in the age-based PSA cut-off thresholds used in screening. Current study considered 2779 men with prostate cancer and 1606 men without a cancer diagnosis, recruited for various studies in New Zealand, US, and Taiwan. Association of PSA with demographic, lifestyle, clinical characteristics (for cases), and the aldo–keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) rs12529 genetic polymorphisms were analysed using multiple linear regression and univariate modelling. Pooled multivariable analysis of cases showed that PSA was significantly associated with demographic, lifestyle, and clinical data with an interaction between ethnicity and age further modifying the association. Pooled multivariable analysis of controls data also showed that demographic and lifestyle are significantly associated with PSA level. Independent case and control analyses indicated that factors associated with PSA were specific for each cohort. Univariate analyses showed a significant age and PSA correlation among all cases and controls except for the US-European cases while genetic stratification in cases showed variability of correlation. Data suggests that unique PSA cut-off thresholds factorized with demographics, lifestyle and genetics may be more appropriate for prostate cancer screening.

scholarly journals Assessment of Factors Associated with PSA Level in Prostate Cancer Cases and Controls from Three Geographical Regions.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishi Karunasinghe ◽  
Tsion Zewdu Minas ◽  
Bo-Ying Bao ◽  
Arier Lee ◽  
Alice Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Us ◽  
Independent Case ◽  
Genetic Stratification ◽  
And Control

Abstract Introduction- It is being debated whether prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based screening effectively reduces prostate cancer mortality. Some of the uncertainty could be related to deficiencies in the age-based PSA cut-off thresholds used in screening. Methods- Current study considered 2779 men with prostate cancer and 1606 men without a cancer diagnosis, recruited for various studies in New Zealand, US and Taiwan. Association of PSA with demographic, lifestyle, clinical characteristics (for cases), and the aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) rs12529 genetic polymorphisms were analysed using multiple linear regression and univariate modelling.Results- Pooled multivariable analysis of cases showed that PSA was significantly associated with demographic, lifestyle and clinical data with an interaction between ethnicity and age further modifying the association. Pooled multivariable analysis of controls data also showed that demographic and lifestyle are significantly associated with PSA level. Independent case and control analyses indicated that factors associated with PSA were specific for each cohort. Univariate analyses showed a significant age and PSA correlation among all cases and controls except for the US-European cases while genetic stratification in cases showed variability of correlation. Conclusion- Data suggests that unique PSA cut-off thresholds factorized with demographics, lifestyle and genetics may be more appropriate for prostate cancer screening.

scholarly journals Prostate cancer screening in low- and middle- income countries: the Mexican case

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (4, jul-ago) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Martin Lajous ◽  
Matthew R Cooperberg ◽  
Jennifer Rider ◽  
Hugo Arturo Manzanilla-García ◽  
Fernando Bernardo Gabilondo-Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Cancer Screening Tests ◽  
And Control ◽  
Low And Middle Income

 Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)-based early detection for prostate cancer is the subject of intense debate. Imple­mentation of organized prostate cancer screening has been challenging, in part because the PSA test is so amenable to opportunistic screening. To the extent that access to cancer screening tests increases in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), there is an urgent need to thoughtfully evaluate existing and future cancer screening strategies to ensure benefit and control costs. We used Mexico’s prostate cancer screening efforts to illustrate the challenges LMICs face. We provide five considerations for policymakers for a smarter approach and implementation of PSA-based screening. 

scholarly journals Comorbidity and Mortality Results From a Randomized Prostate Cancer Screening Trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. David Crawford ◽  
Robert Grubb ◽  
Amanda Black ◽  
Gerald L. Andriole ◽  
Ming-Hui Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Number Needed To Treat ◽  
Psa Testing ◽  
Cancer Screening Trial ◽  
Screening Study

Purpose Estimates of prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM) were similar for men randomly assigned to intervention compared with usual care on the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian PC screening study. However, results analyzed by comorbidity strata remain unknown. Patients and Methods Between 1993 and 2001, of 76,693 men who were randomly assigned to usual care or intervention at 10 US centers, 73,378 (96%) completed a questionnaire that inquired about comorbidity and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing before random assignment. Fine and Gray's multivariable analysis was performed to assess whether the randomized screening arm was associated with the risk of PCSM in men with no or minimal versus at least one significant comorbidity, adjusting for age and prerandomization PSA testing. Results After 10 years of follow-up, 9,565 deaths occurred, 164 from PC. A significant decrease in the risk of PCSM (22 v 38 deaths; adjusted hazard ratio [AHR], 0.56; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.95; P = .03) was observed in men with no or minimal comorbidity randomly assigned to intervention versus usual care, and the additional number needed to treat to prevent one PC death at 10 years was five. Among men with at least one significant comorbidity, those randomly assigned to intervention versus usual care did not have a decreased risk of PCSM (62 v 42 deaths; AHR, 1.43; 95% CI, 0.96 to 2.11; P = .08). Conclusion Selective use of PSA screening for men in good health appears to reduce the risk of PCSM with minimal overtreatment.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with the performance of prostate cancer screening in the elderly: a population-based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Alisson Padilha de Lima ◽  
Ezequiel Vitório Lini ◽  
Rodrigo Britto Giacomazzi ◽  
Marcos Paulo Dellani ◽  
Marilene Rodrigues Portella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multiple Model ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Rectal Examination

Abstract Objective: to identify the prevalence and factors associated with preventive examinations for the screening of prostate cancer in the elderly. Methods: a cross-sectional population-based study of 181 men aged ≥60 years who were residents of a small city in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, was carried out. The dependent variable was considered to be the performance of preventive prostate cancer tests in the past two years and the independent variables were those related to health and sociodemographic characteristics. To test the association between the outcome and the independent variables, gross and multivariable analysis using Poisson regression was performed, estimating the gross and adjusted prevalence ratios, calculating the confidence intervals of 95%. All variables with p≤0.20 were included in the multiple model. Results: the prevalence of preventive examinations for prostate cancer was 89%. The tests used were the Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) (85.7%), followed by tests performed in combination: rectal examination and PSA (9.3%), rectal examination, ultrasound and PSA (3.1%), rectal examination and ultrasound (1.3%) and ultrasound and PSA (0.6%). In multivariate analysis, the variables retirement and marital status were the independent factors associated with the carrying out of at least one preventive examination of the prostate. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate that being retired increases the likelihood of carrying out preventive examinations and having a partner, being married or cohabiting increases the likelihood of undergoing tests.

scholarly journals Prostate cancer screening: A survey of medical students’ knowledge in Lome, Togo, and associated determinants in a resource-limited African context

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110328
Author(s):  
Tchin Darré ◽  
Toukilnan Djiwa ◽  
Tchilabalo Matchonna Kpatcha ◽  
Albadia Sidibé ◽  
Edoé Sewa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
P Value ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
Practical Level

Objectives: The aims of this study were to assess the knowledge of medical students in Lomé about these means of screening for prostate cancer in a context of limited resources and controversy about prostate cancer screening, and to identify the determinants associated with these results. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted in the form of a survey of medical students regularly enrolled at the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Lomé for the 2019–2020 academic years. Results: Of the 1635 eligible students, 1017 correctly completed the form, corresponding to a rate of 62.20%. The average age was 22 ± 3.35 years. The sex ratio (M/F) was 2.5. Undergraduate students were the most represented (53.69%). Students who had not received any training on prostate cancer were the most represented (57.13%). Only 12.88% of the students had completed a training course in urology. Concerning the prostate-specific antigen blood test, there was a statistically significant relationship between the students’ knowledge and some of their socio-demographic characteristics, namely age (p value = 0.0037; 95% confidence interval (0.50–1.77)); gender (p value = 0.0034; 95% confidence interval (1.43–2.38)); study cycle (p value ˂ 0.0001; 95% confidence interval (0.56–5.13)) and whether or not they had completed a placement in a urology department (p value ˂ 0.0001; 95% confidence interval (0.49–1.55)). On the contrary, there was no statistically significant relationship between students’ knowledge of the digital rectal examination and their study cycle (p value = 0.082; 95% confidence interval (0.18–3.44)). Conclusion: Medical students in Lomé have a good theoretical knowledge and a fair practical level of the digital rectal examination clinical examination and an average theoretical knowledge and a below average practical level of prostate-specific antigen, increasing however along the curriculum in the context of prostate cancer screening.

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