scholarly journals Relationship between maximum occlusal force and gastrointestinal cancer in community-dwelling older Japanese adults

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takamasa Komiyama ◽  
Takashi Ohi ◽  
Wakana Ito ◽  
Yoshitada Miyoshi ◽  
Takako Hiratsuka ◽  
...  

AbstractGlobally, the cancer burden is expected to increase as populations are ageing. Therefore, cancer prevention among older age groups is important. This prospective cohort study examined the relationship between the number of remaining teeth, maximum occlusal force, and incidence of gastrointestinal cancer in community-dwelling older Japanese individuals using data from the Tsurugaya project; 847 participants were included. The exposure variables were the number of remaining teeth and the maximum occlusal force, with the outcome being the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer. Covariates were age, sex, medical history, smoking, alcohol consumption, educational attainment, and physical function. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to examine the relationship between the number of remaining teeth, maximum occlusal force, and incidence of gastrointestinal cancer. With a median follow-up of 7.6 years, 63 participants were confirmed to have gastrointestinal cancer. The risk of gastrointestinal cancer was significantly higher in those with an occlusal force lower than the median (hazard ratio, 2.80; 95% confidence interval, 1.54–5.10). No significant risk difference was found according to the number of remaining teeth. Low maximum occlusal force was associated with the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer in community-dwelling older Japanese adults.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanna Kato ◽  
Naoko Matsuda ◽  
Miki Takahata ◽  
Chika Koseki ◽  
Michiyasu Yamaki ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Prolonged healthy life expectancy, which is duration without the requirement of any kind of help for activities of daily living (ADL), is essential to ensure a long life with a good quality of living in the community. Further, local residents should understand their health conditions and live consciously to prolong healthy life expectancy. The development of a simple general health indicator is necessary. Both occlusal force and flow-medicated dilation (FMD) which reflects endothelial function are useful tools for understanding the general condition of the elderly. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between occlusal force and endothelial function. In the present study we examined this relationship, occlusal force measurement can be a good indicator of the general condition of the elderly. Methods: In 38 community-dwelling women(aged 76.7 ±5.7 years), we measured occlusal force, grip strength, endothelial function evaluated by FMD, advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In this study we investigate we investigated the relationship between occlusal force, measurement items, and factors independently related to endothelial dysfunction (FMD<7%). Results: There were significantly correlation between occlusal force and grip strength (r=0.54, p<0.01). Degree of FMD significantly associated with occlusal force (r=0.60, p<0.01) and grip strength (r=0.35, p<0.05) or amount of increased AGEs (r=-0.37, p<0.05). Occlusal force was independently associated with degree of FMD after adjusting for age, AGEs, and grip strength (p < 0.05).Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between occlusal force and FMD. Occlusal force can be an important indicator of endothelial function in community-dwelling elderly. This study may help understanding general health of elderly in community.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S257-S257
Author(s):  
Rehab A Sherlala ◽  
Candace M Kammerer ◽  
Allison L Kuipers ◽  
Mary K Wojczynski ◽  
Svetlana Ukraintseva ◽  
...  

Abstract Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and measures of adiposity, such as body mass index (BMI), are associated with susceptibility to age-related diseases. Previous reports of the relationship between IGF-1 and BMI ranged from positive to negative to no relationship, perhaps because previous reports studied different age cohorts. Using data on 4270 participants (aged 24-110 years) from the Long Life Family Study, we investigated the relationship between IGF-1 and BMI overall and by age groups. IGF-1 and BMI were positively correlated in the total sample (β=0.161, r2= 0.0038, p=1.8-05). However, further analyses revealed that the relationship between IGF-1 and BMI varied by age quartile: in the 1st quartile (24-58yo) the relationship was negative (β=−0.204, r2= 0.011, p=0.0008); in the 2nd quartile (59-66yo) the relationship was negative but non-significant (β=−0.069, r2= 0.0012, p=0.28); in the 3rd quartile (67-86yo) the relationship was positive but non-significant (β=0.106, r2= 0.002, p=0.13); and in the 4th quartile (87-110yo) the relationship was positive (β=0.388, r2= 0.019, p=1.2−05). This pattern did not differ by sex. We also detected a similar age-related pattern between IGF-1 and BMI using an independent dataset (NHANES III), comprising 2550 men and women aged 20-90 years. Our results may clarify some of the inconsistency in previous literature about the relationship between IGF-1 and BMI. Additional studies of IGF-1 and adiposity measures are needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms involved.


Author(s):  
Rehab A Sherlala ◽  
Candace M Kammerer ◽  
Allison L Kuipers ◽  
Mary K Wojczynski ◽  
Svetlana V Ukraintseva ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and body mass index (BMI) are both associated with susceptibility to age-related diseases. Reports on the correlation between them have been conflicting, with both positive to negative correlations reported. However, the age ranges of the participants varied widely among these studies. Methods Using data on 4241 participants (aged 24–110) from the Long Life Family Study, we investigated the relationship between IGF-1 and BMI by age groups using regression analysis. Results When stratified by age quartile, the relationship between IGF-1 and BMI varied: in the first quartile (Q1, 20–58 years) the relationship was negative (β = −0.2, p = .002); in Q2 (58–66 years) and Q3 (67–86 years) the relationship was negative (β = −0.07, β = −0.01, respectively) but nonsignificant; and in Q4 (87–110 years) the relationship was positive (β = 0.31, p = .0002). This pattern did not differ by sex. We observed a similar age-related pattern between IGF-1 and BMI among participants in the third National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Conclusions Our results that the relationship between IGF-1 and BMI differs by age may explain some of the inconsistency in reports about their relationship and encourage additional studies to understand the mechanisms underlying it.


Author(s):  
S Alhusaini ◽  
S Karama ◽  
JM Star ◽  
ME Bastin ◽  
JM Wardlaw ◽  
...  

Background: Carotid atherosclerosis is a significant risk factor for stroke and has been associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Methods: We assessed 554 community-dwelling subjects from the Lothian Birth Cohort of 1936 (LBC1936) who underwent brain MRI and carotid Doppler ultrasound studies at age 73 years. The relationship between carotid stenosis and cerebral cortical thickness was examined cross-sectionally, controlling for gender, extensive vascular risk factors (VRFs), and IQ at age 11 (IQ-11). The association between carotid stenosis and a composite measure of fluid intelligence was also investigated. Results: A widespread negative association was identified between carotid stenosis and cerebral cortical thickness at age 73 years, independent of the side of carotid stenosis, other carotid measures, VRFs, or IQ-11. This association increased in an almost dose-response relationship from mild to severe degrees of carotid stenosis. A negative association was also noted between carotid stenosis and fluid intelligence, which appeared partly mediated by carotid stenosis-related thinning of the cerebral cortex. Conclusions: Carotid stenosis is associated with thinner cerebral cortex and lower fluid cognitive abilities at age 73. The findings suggest that carotid stenosis represents a marker of vascular processes that accelerate cortical aging with a negative impact on cognition, independent of measurable VRFs.


2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Schieman

Previous studies suggest that older people report less anger. However, little is known about the relationship between age and the frequency of anger among individuals with different levels of education and economic circumstances. Using data from the 1996 General Social Survey ( N = 1,442), I examine the effects of age on anger across levels of education and objective and subjective economic conditions. A significant and positive age × education interaction suggests that the negative relationship between age and the frequency of anger is stronger at lower levels of education. Adjustment for social roles and economic conditions fails to account for the age × education interaction effect. In addition, differences in anger between individuals who reported worsening financial conditions and those who reported that their finances improved or stayed the same are greatest among the youngest age groups, and the gap decreases at successively older age levels. I discuss the ways that these results contradict recent findings of SES-based age differences in depressive emotions and physical health status.


Author(s):  
A.M. Myers ◽  
L. Huddy

ABSTRACTThe relationship between ADL self-assessments and physical ability was investigated using data compiled on 128 exercise class participants. Compared with community dwelling respondents, institutionalized seniors were not only less accurate in their subjective ADL estimates, but consistently underestimated their capabilities over comparable ranges of the objective physical scale. Seniors appear to make errors estimating their functional capabilities with respect to daily activities they no longer perform and that may be restricted for reasons of institutional convenience.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Xin Peng ◽  
JunXuan Huang ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
MengJiao Cheng ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
...  

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The objective of this study was to demonstrate the association between changes in different obesity indicators and the risk of incident hypertension by the age-group among community-dwelling residents in southern China. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> A total of 6,959 non-hypertensive participants aged ≥18 years old were enrolled in this cohort study and completed questionnaire interviews and anthropometric measurements at baseline (2010) and follow-up (2017). A time-dependent covariate Cox proportional hazard model considered the changes in obesity indicators during the follow-up period and calculated the hazard ratios (HRs) to analyze the risk of incident hypertension according to different obesity indicators. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During a mean follow-up of 7.1 years, 1,904 participants were newly diagnosed with hypertension. The body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were significantly positively associated with an increased future risk of incident hypertension, and BMI was the best predictive indicator of hypertension (obesity in men: HR = 2.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.20–3.20; obesity in women: HR = 2.80, 95% CI = 2.27–3.45). Compared with the middle-aged and older group, the risk of incident hypertension was highest in the younger group which had the highest baseline obesity indicators. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Changes in obesity indicators were significantly associated with the risk of incident hypertension in all age-groups, and the risk of future incident hypertension increased with the increase in baseline obesity indicators.


2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 889-897
Author(s):  
Roberto J. Millar ◽  
Shalini Sahoo ◽  
Takashi Yamashita ◽  
Phyllis Cummins

Problem-solving skills in the context of technologically complex modern societies have become increasingly important to health management in later life. This study is designed to investigate the associations between problem-solving skills in technology-rich environments (PSTRE) and health, and to explore whether age differences exist. Using data from the 2012/2014 Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), we used logistic regression to examine the relationship between PSTRE and self-reported health among a representative sample of American adults aged 35 years and older ( N = 3,260). Overall, greater PSTRE (odds ratio [OR] = 1.012, p < .001) was significantly associated with better self-rated health even after adjusting for the sociodemographic characteristics. Yet, PSTRE was only partially predictive of health in some age groups. Our findings highlight the potential of PSTRE to reduce health disparities among middle-aged and older adults living in modern technology and information-rich societies.


2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chetna Malhotra ◽  
Angelique Chan ◽  
Rahul Malhotra ◽  
Truls Østbye

This paper aims to present a broad perspective of health of older Singaporeans spanning 15 health dimensions and study the association between self-rated health (SRH) and other health dimensions. Using data from a survey of 5000 Singaporeans (≥60 years), SRH and health in 14 other dimensions were assessed. Generalized logit model was used to assess contribution of these 14 dimensions to positive and negative SRH, compared to average SRH. About 86% reported their health to be average or higher. Prevalence of positive SRH and “health” in most other dimensions was lower in older age groups. Positive and negative SRH were associated with mobility, hearing, vision, major physical illness, pain, personal mastery, depressive symptoms, and perceived financial adequacy. The findings show that a majority of older Singaporeans report themselves as healthy overall and in a wide range of health dimensions.


2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1677-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liat Ayalon ◽  
Sharon Shiovitz-Ezra

ABSTRACTBackground: Both passive death wishes and loneliness are prevalent in old age and both have been shown to be associated with a variety of detrimental effects. The overall goal of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between loneliness and passive death wishes in the general population of Europeans over the age of 50 years.Methods: Passive death wishes were evaluated in waves 1 and 2 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, using the question “in the past month, have you felt that you would rather be dead?” Loneliness was evaluated by the question: “how frequently have you felt lonely over the past week?” taken from the Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression questionnaire. All predictors were gathered in wave 1. Analysis was stratified into three age groups (50–65, 66–75, >75 years).Results: Both passive death wishes (15.6%) and loneliness (mean (SE) = 1.68(0.03)) were highest in those over the age of 75, relative to the other two age groups (age 50–65: 4.6%, mean (SE) = 1.43(0.01); age 66–75: 7.3%, mean (SE) = 1.50(0.02), respectively). Loneliness remained a significant risk for passive death wishes, net of the effect of demographic, health, mental health, and various social indicators in those aged 50–65 years (OR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.10–1.97) and 65–75 (OR = 1.74, 95%CI: 1.28–2.38), but not in those over the age of 75 (OR = 1.12, 95%CI: 0.84–1.47). None of the objective social indicators was associated with passive death wishes.Conclusions: The present study emphasizes the differential role of loneliness across the lifespan. Any intervention to alleviate passive death wishes in the general population will benefit from addressing the subjective sense of loneliness more so than objective indicators of social interaction.


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