Gray matter volume alterations in patients with strabismus and amblyopia: voxel-based morphometry study

AbstractThis study proposes the use of the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) technique to investigate structural alterations of the cerebral cortex in patients with strabismus and amblyopia (SA). Sixteen patients with SA and sixteen healthy controls (HCs) underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Original whole brain images were analyzed using the VBM method. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the relationship between mean gray matter volume (GMV) and clinical manifestations. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to classify the mean GMV values of the SA group and HCs. Compared with the HCs, GMV values in the SA group showed a significant difference in the right superior temporal gyrus, posterior and anterior lobes of the cerebellum, bilateral parahippocampal gyrus, and left anterior cingulate cortex. The mean GMV value in the right superior temporal gyrus, posterior and anterior lobes of the cerebellum, and bilateral parahippocampal gyrus were negatively correlated with the angle of strabismus. The ROC curve analysis of each cerebral region confirmed the accuracy of the area under the curve. Patients with SA have reduced GMV values in some brain regions. These findings might help to reveal the potential pathogenesis of SA and its relationship with the atrophy of specific regions of the brain.

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Sex-specific association of poor sleep quality with gray matter volume

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa035 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicola Neumann ◽

Martin Lotze ◽

Martin Domin

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Poor Sleep Quality ◽

Whole Brain ◽

Matter Volume ◽

The Right

Abstract Study Objectives Previous studies were inconsistent with regard to the association of sleep dysfunction on the brain’s gray matter volume (GMV). The current study set out to investigate if there is a moderating effect of sex on the relationship between sleep quality in healthy individuals and GMV. Methods We applied voxel-based morphometry in 1,074 young adults of the “Human Connectome Project.” An analysis of variance with the factors “sleep quality” (good/poor according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, cutoff >5) and “sex” (male, female) on GMV was conducted. Additionally, linear relationships between sleep quality and GMV were tested. Results The analysis of variance yielded no main effect for sleep quality, but an interaction between sex and sleep quality for the right superior frontal gyrus. Post hoc t-tests showed that female good sleepers in comparison to female poor sleepers had larger GMV in the right parahippocampal gyrus extending to the right hippocampus (whole-brain family-wise error [FWE]-corrected), as well as smaller GMV in the right inferior parietal lobule (whole-brain FWE-corrected) and the right inferior temporal gyrus (whole brain FWE-corrected). There were no significant effects when comparing male good sleepers to male poor sleepers. Linear regression analyses corroborated smaller GMV in the right parahippocampal gyrus in women with poor sleep quality. Conclusions Poor sleep quality was associated with altered GMV in females, but not in males. Future studies are needed to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the sex differences in the association of sleep quality and brain differences found in this study.

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Leukoaraiosis and Gray Matter Volume Alteration in Older Adults: The PROOF Study

Frontiers in Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnins.2021.747569 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

Author(s):

Sébastien Celle ◽

Claire Boutet ◽

Cédric Annweiler ◽

Romain Ceresetti ◽

Vincent Pichot ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽

Middle Temporal Gyrus ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Fazekas Scale ◽

The Right ◽

The Relationship

Background and Purpose: Leukoaraiosis, also called white matter hyperintensities (WMH), is frequently encountered in the brain of older adults. During aging, gray matter structure is also highly affected. WMH or gray matter defects are commonly associated with a higher prevalence of mild cognitive impairment. However, little is known about the relationship between WMH and gray matter. Our aim was thus to explore the relationship between leukoaraiosis severity and gray matter volume in a cohort of healthy older adults.Methods: Leukoaraiosis was rated in participants from the PROOF cohort using the Fazekas scale. Voxel-based morphometry was performed on brain scans to examine the potential link between WMH and changes of local brain volume. A neuropsychological evaluation including attentional, executive, and memory tests was also performed to explore cognition.Results: Out of 315 75-year-old subjects, 228 had punctuate foci of leukoaraiosis and 62 had begun the confluence of foci. Leukoaraiosis was associated with a decrease of gray matter in the middle temporal gyrus, in the right medial frontal gyrus, and in the left parahippocampal gyrus. It was also associated with decreased performances in memory recall, executive functioning, and depression.Conclusion: In a population of healthy older adults, leukoaraiosis was associated with gray matter defects and reduced cognitive performance. Controlling vascular risk factors and detecting early cerebrovascular disease may prevent, at least in part, dementia onset and progression.

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Altered Gray Matter Volume, Functional Connectivity, and Degree Centrality in Early-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.697349 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Yue Feng ◽

Yifan Li ◽

Xin Tan ◽

Yi Liang ◽

Xiaomeng Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gray Matter ◽

Early Onset ◽

Brain Volume ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Degree Centrality ◽

Matter Volume ◽

The Right ◽

Heschl Gyrus

Background: Structural and functional brain alterations that underlie cognitive decline have been observed in elderly adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, whether these alterations can be observed in patients with early-onset T2DM remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to describe the abnormalities in brain volume and functional patterns in patients with early-onset T2DM in the present study.Methods: We enrolled 20 patients with early-onset T2DM and 20 healthy controls (HCs). Changes in brain volume were assessed using voxel-based morphology (VBM), while changes in brain function were assessed using degree centrality (DC) and functional connectivity (FC).Results: Compared to HCs, patients with early-onset T2DM exhibited gray matter reductions in the left orbital superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyri as well as the right superior frontal gyrus. The gray matter reductions in the right superior frontal gyrus were negatively associated with the urine albumin to creatinine ratio. Furthermore, increased DC values were observed in the left superior temporal gyrus, left Heschl gyrus, and left hippocampus in patients with early-onset T2DM. An FC analysis of these regions revealed elevated connectivity in the right precuneus, left inferior parietal gyrus, left Heschl gyrus, bilateral post-central gyrus, bilateral insula, bilateral superior temporal gyrus, and bilateral medial and paracingulate gyrus. Furthermore, the FC of the hubs to the superior temporal gyrus, insula, and Heschl gyrus was increased and positively correlated with trail making test-B.Conclusion: Decreased local gray matter volume and increased DC and FC may represent the neurobiological mechanism underlying cognitive dysfunction in patients with early-onset T2DM.

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Reduced gray matter volume of left superior temporal gyrus in schizophrenia with auditory verbal hallucinations: a voxel-based morphometry study

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20170801031 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 01031

Author(s):

Huawang Wu ◽

Fengchun Wu ◽

Xiaoyin Ke ◽

Ripeng Li ◽

Xiaobing Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gray Matter ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Voxel Based Morphometry ◽

Auditory Verbal Hallucinations ◽

Matter Volume

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Age- and Sex-Related Cortical Gray Matter Volume Differences in Adolescent Cannabis Users: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Voxel-Based Morphometry Studies

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.745193 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Aliyah Allick ◽

Grace Park ◽

Kwon Kim ◽

Michelle Vintimilla ◽

Krutika Rathod ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽

Voxel Based Morphometry ◽

Whole Brain ◽

Male Youth ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Age And Sex

Introduction: Adolescent-onset cannabis use is rising in the era of marijuana legalization. Recent imaging studies have identified neuroanatomical differences between adult cannabis users and controls that are more prominent in early-onset users. Other studies point to sex-dependent effects of cannabis.Methods: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines and subsequent effect-size seed-based d mapping (SDM) meta-analyses were conducted to investigate relationships between age (across the 12-to-21-year-old developmental window), sex, and gray matter volume (GMV) differences between cannabis using (CU) and typically developing (TD) youth.Results: Our search identified 1,326 citations, 24 of which were included in a qualitative analysis. A total of 6 whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies comparing regional GMV between 357 CU [mean (SD) age = 16.68 (1.28); 71% male] and 404 TD [mean (SD) age = 16.77 (1.36); 63% male] youth were included in the SDM-meta-analysis. Meta-analysis of whole-brain VBM studies identified no regions showing significant GMV difference between CU and TD youth. Meta-regressions showed divergent effects of age and sex on cortical GMV differences in CU vs. TD youth. Age effects were seen in the superior temporal gyrus (STG), with older-aged CU youth showing decreased and younger-aged CU youth showing increased STG GMV compared to age-matched TD youth. Parallel findings in the STG were also observed in relation to duration of CU (years) in supplemental meta-regressions. Regarding sex effects, a higher proportion of females in studies was associated with increased GMV in the middle occipital gyrus in CU vs. TD youth.Conclusions: These findings suggest that GMV differences between CU and TD youth, if present, are subtle, and may vary as a function of age, cumulative cannabis exposure, and sex in young people. Whether age- and sex-related GMV differences are attributable to common predispositional factors, cannabis-induced neuroadaptive changes, or both warrant further investigation.

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Reproducibility of Brain Volume Changes in Longitudinal Voxel-Based Morphometry Between Non-Accelerated and Accelerated Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-210596 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Hidemasa Takao ◽

Shiori Amemiya ◽

Osamu Abe ◽

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Voxel Based Morphometry ◽

Volume Changes ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Healthy Elderly

Background: Scan acceleration techniques, such as parallel imaging, can reduce scan times, but reliability is essential to implement these techniques in neuroimaging. Objective: To evaluate the reproducibility of the longitudinal changes in brain morphology determined by longitudinal voxel-based morphometry (VBM) between non-accelerated and accelerated magnetic resonance images (MRI) in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: Using data from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) 2 database, comprising subjects who underwent non-accelerated and accelerated structural T1-weighted MRI at screening and at a 2-year follow-up on 3.0 T Philips scanners, we examined the reproducibility of longitudinal gray matter volume changes determined by longitudinal VBM processing between non-accelerated and accelerated imaging in 50 healthy elderly subjects, 54 MCI patients, and eight AD patients. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) maps differed among the three groups. The mean ICC was 0.72 overall (healthy elderly, 0.63; MCI, 0.75; AD, 0.63), and the ICC was good to excellent (0.6–1.0) for 81.4%of voxels (healthy elderly, 64.8%; MCI, 85.0%; AD, 65.0%). The differences in image quality (head motion) were not significant (Kruskal–Wallis test, p = 0.18) and the within-subject standard deviations of longitudinal gray matter volume changes were similar among the groups. Conclusion: The results indicate that the reproducibility of longitudinal gray matter volume changes determined by VBM between non-accelerated and accelerated MRI is good to excellent for many regions but may vary between diseases and regions.

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The gray matter volume of the right insula mediates the relationship between symptoms of depression/anxiety and sleep quality among college students

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105319869977 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 135910531986997 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huazhan Yin ◽

Li Zhang ◽

Dan Li ◽

Lu Xiao ◽

Mei Cheng

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Emotional Processing ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Critical Role ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Matter Volume ◽

The Right ◽

The Relationship

This study investigated the neuroanatomical basis of the association between depression/anxiety and sleep quality among 370 college students. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between sleep quality and depression/anxiety. Moreover, mediation results showed that the gray matter volume of the right insula mediated the relationship between depression/anxiety and sleep quality, which suggested that depression/anxiety may affect sleep quality through the right insula volume. These findings confirmed a strong link between sleep quality and depression/anxiety, while highlighting the volumetric variation in the right insula associated with emotional processing, which may play a critical role in improving sleep quality.

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Attentional bias to threat and gray mater volume morphology in high anxious individuals

10.1101/2020.10.20.346981 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joshua M. Carlson ◽

Lin Fang

Keyword(s):

Attentional Bias ◽

Parietal Cortex ◽

Gray Matter ◽

Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽

Gray Matter Volume ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Brain Morphology ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Posterior Parietal ◽

The Right

AbstractIn a sample of highly anxious individuals, the relationship between gray matter volume brain morphology and attentional bias to threat was assessed. Participants performed a dot-probe task of attentional bias to threat and gray matter volume was acquired from whole brain structural T1-weighted MRI scans. The results replicate previous findings in unselected samples that elevated attentional bias to threat is linked to greater gray matter volume in the anterior cingulate cortex, middle frontal gyrus, and striatum. In addition, we provide novel evidence that elevated attentional bias to threat is associated with greater gray matter volume in the right posterior parietal cortex, cerebellum, and other distributed regions. Lastly, exploratory analyses provide initial evidence that distinct sub-regions of the right posterior parietal cortex may contribute to attentional bias in a sex-specific manner. Our results illuminate how differences in gray matter volume morphology relate to attentional bias to threat in anxious individuals. This knowledge could inform neurocognitive models of anxiety-related attentional bias to threat and targets of neuroplasticity in anxiety interventions such as attention bias modification.

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