The cyclic interaction between daytime behavior and the sleep behavior of laboratory dogs

AbstractSleep deprivation has been found to negatively affect an individual´s physical and psychological health. Sleep loss affects activity patterns, increases anxiety-like behaviors, decreases cognitive performance and is associated with depressive states. The activity/rest cycle of dogs has been investigated before, but little is known about the effects of sleep loss on the behavior of the species. Dogs are polyphasic sleepers, meaning the behavior is most observed at night, but bouts are also present during the day. However, sleep can vary with ecological and biological factors, such as age, sex, fitness, and even human presence. In this study, kennelled laboratory adult dogs’ sleep and diurnal behavior were recorded during 24-h, five-day assessment periods to investigate sleep quality and its effect on daily behavior. In total, 1560 h of data were analyzed, and sleep metrics and diurnal behavior were quantified. The relationship between sleeping patterns and behavior and the effect of age and sex were evaluated using non-parametric statistical tests and GLMM modelling. Dogs in our study slept substantially less than previously reported and presented a modified sleep architecture with fewer awakenings during the night and almost no sleep during the day. Sleep loss increased inactivity, decreased play and alert behaviors, while increased time spent eating during the day. Males appeared to be more affected by sleep fragmentation than females. Different age groups also experienced different effects of sleep loss. Overall, dogs appear to compensate for the lack of sleep during the night by remaining inactive during the day. With further investigations, the relationship between sleep loss and behavior has the potential to be used as a measure of animal welfare.

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The cyclic interaction between daytime behavior and the sleep behavior of laboratory dogs: A correlational study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-722864/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ivana Gabriela Schork ◽

Isabele Aparecida Manzo ◽

Marcos Beiral de Oliveira ◽

Fernanda Vieira Costa ◽

Robert John Young ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Age Groups ◽

Sleep Loss ◽

Sleep Behavior ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

Diurnal Behavior ◽

And Behavior ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Sleep deprivation has been found to negatively affect an individual´s physical and psychological health. Sleep loss affects activity patterns, increases anxiety-like behaviors, decreases cognitive performance and it is associated with depressive states. The activity/rest cycle of dogs has been investigated before, but little is known about the effects of sleep loss on the behavior of the species. Dogs are polyphasic sleepers, meaning the behavior is most observed at night, but bouts are also present during the day. However, sleep can vary with ecological and biological factors, such as age, sex, fitness, and even human presence. In this study, adult dogs’ sleep and diurnal behavior was recorded during 24-hour, five-day assessment periods to investigate sleep quality and its effect on daily behavior. In total, 1560 hours of data were analyzed, and sleep metrics and diurnal behavior were quantified. The relationship between sleeping patterns and behavior and the effect of age and sex were evaluated using non-parametric statistical tests and GLMM modeling. Dogs in our study slept substantially less than previously reported and presented a modified sleep architecture with fewer awakenings during the night and almost no sleep during the day. Sleep loss increased inactivity, decreased play and alert behaviors, while increased time spent eating during the day. Males appeared to be more affected by sleep fragmentation than females. Different age groups also experienced different effects of sleep loss. Overall, dogs appear to compensate the lack of sleep during the night by remaining inactive during the day. With further investigations, the relationship between sleep loss and behavior has the potential to be used as a measure of animal welfare.

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121 Behavioral Attention Relationships Vary Between Demographic Groups Across Sleep Loss and Recovery

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.120 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A49-A50

Author(s):

Caroline Antler ◽

Erika Yamazaki ◽

Tess Brieva ◽

Courtney Casale ◽

Namni Goel

Keyword(s):

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Age Groups ◽

Response Speed ◽

Sleep Loss ◽

Demographic Groups ◽

Time In Bed ◽

Median Split ◽

The Relationship ◽

High Bmi

Abstract Introduction The Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) is a behavioral attention measure widely used to describe sleep loss deficits. Although there are reported differences in PVT performance for various demographic groups, no study has examined the relationship between measures on the 10-minute PVT (PVT10) and the 3-minute PVT (PVT3) within sex, age, and body mass index (BMI) groups throughout a highly controlled sleep deprivation study. Methods Forty-one healthy adults (mean±SD ages, 33.9±8.9y) participated in a 13-night experiment [2 baseline nights (10h-12h time in bed, TIB) followed by 5 sleep restriction (SR1-5) nights (4h TIB), 4 recovery nights (R1-R4; 12h TIB), and 36h total sleep deprivation (TSD)]. A neurobehavioral test battery, including the PVT10 and PVT3 was completed every 2h during wakefulness. Repeated measures correlation (rmcorr) compared PVT10 and PVT3 lapses (reaction time [RT] >355ms [PVT3] and >500ms [PVT10]) and response speed (1/RT) by examining correlations by day (e.g., baseline day 2) and time point (e.g., 1000h-2000h) within sex groups (18 females), within age groups defined by a median split (median=32, range=21-49y), and within BMI groups defined by a median split (median=25, range=17-31). Results PVT10 and PVT3 1/RT was significantly correlated at all study days and time points excluding at baseline for the younger group and at R2 for the higher BMI group. PVT10 and PVT3 lapses showed overall lower correlations across the study relative to 1/RT. Lapses were not significantly correlated at baseline for any group, for males across recovery (R1-R4), for the high BMI group at R2-R4, for the older group at R2-R3, or for the younger group at SR5 or R3. Conclusion Differentiating participants based on age, sex, or BMI revealed important variation in the relationship between PVT10 and PVT3 measures across the study. Surprisingly, lapses were not significantly correlated at baseline for any demographic group or across recovery for males or the high BMI or older group. Thus, PVT10 and PVT3 lapses may be less comparable in certain populations when well-rested. These findings add to a growing literature suggesting demographic factors may be important factors to consider when evaluating the effects of sleep loss. Support (if any) ONR Award N00014-11-1-0361;NIH UL1TR000003;NASA NNX14AN49G and 80NSSC20K0243; NIHR01DK117488

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Effects of Aging on Musical Performance in Professional Orchestral Musicians

Medical Problems of Performing Artists ◽

10.21091/mppa.2018.1007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 39-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dianna T Kenny ◽

Tim Driscoll ◽

Bronwen J Ackermann

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Work Performance ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Age Groups ◽

Musical Instrument ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Age Related ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

Orchestral Musicians ◽

The Impact

BACKGROUND: The physical and psychological demands of playing a musical instrument are likely to be affected by age-related decline in function, including physical, cognitive, psychological, and organ-related changes. However, the complex neurophysiological demands of playing a musical instrument may delay many normal aging-related changes. AIM: This study compared professional classical musicians of different ages, using a range of physical and psychological measures, to discover how increasing age might affect work performance and to identify possible risk and protective factors for physical and psychological health as the musicians age. SUBJECTS: 377 professional orchestral musicians from eight Australian orchestras (70% response rate), ages 18 to 68 yrs (mean 42.1). Multiple standardized physical and psychological tools were used to evaluate the impact of age on a range of physical and mental health variables. RESULTS: Age was not statistically associated with frequency or severity of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders, ratings of perceived exertion, QuickDASH scores, use of beta-blockers, workplace satisfaction, and most psychological tests. Differences were observed on SPIN (social anxiety) scores, with lowest scores in the oldest age group (10.66 in 55+ yrs vs 17.83 in 18-30 yrs, p=0.016). Older musicians had higher BMIs and fewer practice sessions per day than younger musicians and also were more likely to consume alcohol on 5+ days/wk (44% vs 9%, p=0.003). CONCLUSION: Advancing age does not appear to exert undue negative impacts on physical and psychological health or performance capacity of professional orchestral musicians. However, dwindling numbers in the older age groups may suggest a "survivor" effect, whereby those who develop significant age-related decrements may cease professional performance at earlier ages. Longitudinal studies on the professional trajectories of professional orchestral musicians are needed to explore this question further.

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O Abuso de Álcool na Gestação e a Saúde Física e Psicológica do Bebê: Um Olhar Psicanalítico

REVISTA PLURI ◽

10.26843/rpv122019p241-244 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 241

Author(s):

Veridiana Canezin Guimarães ◽

Regiane Ribeiro ◽

Tuanne Sousa ◽

Audinéia Pereira

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Alcohol Abuse ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Psychological Consequences ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

Excessive Consumption ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

The Relationship

O presente estudo tem como objetivo pesquisar o consumo excessivo de álcool pelas gestantes e o comportamento dos bebês recém-nascidos, abordando consequências fisiológicas e psicológicas, visando também o tratamento e a prevenção. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico, que investigou a relação entre o consumo de álcool pelas gestantes e a saúde física e psicológica dos bebês, tendo como referência teórica estudos psicanalíticos da relação mãe-bebê.Palavras-Chave: Abuso de álcool. Gravidez. PsicanáliseAbstractThe present study aims to investigate the excessive consumption of alcohol by pregnant women and the behavior of newborn babies, addressing physiological and psychological consequences, as well as treatment and prevention. This is a bibliographical research that will investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption by pregnant women and the physical and psychological health of the babies, having as theoretical reference psychoanalytic studies of the mother-baby relationship.Keywords: Alcohol abuse. Pregnancy. Psychoanalysis.

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The Negative Effects of Using Smart Devices on the Physical and Psychological Health of Palestinian Children aged (13-16) years from their Perspective

مجلة جامعة فلسطين التقنية للأبحاث ◽

10.53671/ptukrj.v8i3.110 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 01-19

Author(s):

Nuha Iter

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Smart Devices ◽

Smart Device ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

Palestinian Children ◽

Open Question ◽

High Degree ◽

The Relationship ◽

Descriptive Method

The study aimed to explore the negative effects of using smart devices on the physical and psychological health of children aged (13-16) years from their perspective. The study was applied to a random sample of children aged (13-16), consisting of (102) male and female students. The descriptive method was used to answer the study questions, and a questionnaire was developed to collect data, which contains (3) sections, first section asked about the most used and preferred devices by children aged (13-16) years, and the number of hours the child used the smart device, the second one asked about the negative effects of using the smart devices on the physical and psychological health of children aged (13-16) years from their perspective, and the third section is an open question to know other negative effects of using the smart devices on the physical and psychological health of children aged (13-16) years. The study achieved a set of results, such as the smartphones are the most used and preferred devices by children aged (13-16) years, where (57%) of the study sample preferred to use, and there is (86.3%) of children aged (13-16) use these devices at average from 4 up to 6 hours daily. The responders highly agreed upon the negative effects of the use of smart devices on the physical health with average (4.2); which is a high degree, also the responders highly agreed upon the negative effects of the use of smart devices on the physiological health with average is (3.73) which is also high, added there are other effects caused by the use of smart devices for long hours on children aged (13-16); the low rate of family discussions, and causes the low writing skills for child. Depending on the results of the study, the researcher recommends that: researchers should conduct a correlative study to know the relationship between the effects and the number of hours of daily use of devices; families should rationalize the use of smart devices.

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Physical and Psychological Health of Young Adolescents: The Relationship to Gender and Marital Conflict

Journal of Pediatric Psychology ◽

10.1093/jpepsy/12.2.191 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 191-201 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rex Forehand ◽

Nicholas Long ◽

Jan Faust ◽

Gene H. Brody ◽

Marie Burke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marital Conflict ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Young Adolescents ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

The Relationship

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Anger Suppression and Rumination Sequentially Mediates the Effect of Emotional Labor in Korean Nurses

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16050799 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 799

Author(s):

Ji Kim ◽

Jeong Park ◽

Soo Park

Keyword(s):

Emotional Labor ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Anxiety Symptoms ◽

University Hospital ◽

Anger Suppression ◽

Anger Rumination ◽

Health Indices ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

The degree of emotional labor in nurses has been associated with negative physical and psychological health indices. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between emotional labor and depressive and anxiety symptoms in nurses. Specifically, the study addressed the question of whether anger suppression and anger rumination sequentially mediated the relationship. A total of 99 nurses was recruited from a university hospital in Korea. The questionnaires included instruments assessing emotional labor, anger suppression, anger rumination, as well as depressive and anxiety symptoms. Consistent with our hypothesis, there was a significant indirect effect of anger suppression and anger rumination on the relationship between emotional labor and depressive symptoms, as well as on the relationship between emotional labor and anxiety symptoms. The nurses’ degree of emotional labor, anger suppression, and anger rumination was associated with psychological adjustment. Thus, the impact of nurses’ negative affect needs to be adequately addressed, as inadequate resolution of anger may increase their vulnerability to experience depressive and anxiety symptoms. These findings may contribute to developing a strategy for enhancing nurses’ psychological health.

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The Possible Role of Companion-Animal Anthropomorphism and Social Support in the Physical and Psychological Health of Dog Guardians

Society and Animals ◽

10.1163/156853010x524334 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 379-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nikolina M. Duvall Antonacopoulos ◽

Timothy A. Pychyl

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Online Survey ◽

Companion Animals ◽

Companion Animal ◽

Survey Results ◽

Physical And Psychological Health ◽

Low Levels ◽

The Relationship

AbstractWhile previous research suggests that individuals who humanize their companion animals may have insufficient human social support (Epley, Waytz, & Cacioppo, 2007), researchers have not examined the relation between companion-animal anthropomorphism and the health of animal guardians while taking into consideration their human social support levels. It was hypothesized that dog guardians with low levels of human social support would have poorer health if they engaged in high rather than low levels of anthropomorphism, while the health of dog guardians with high levels of human social support would not vary depending on their anthropomorphism levels. A sample of 203 Canadian dog guardians completed an online survey. Results revealed that, among dog guardians with low levels of human social support, those who engaged in high levels of anthropomorphism were more depressed, visited the doctor more often, and took more medications. Furthermore, among dog guardians with high levels of human social support, those who engaged in high levels of anthropomorphism were more stressed and depressed. These findings highlight the complexity of the relationship between anthropomorphic behavior, human social support, and dog guardians’ health.

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