scholarly journals The influence of different light spectra on physiological responses, antioxidant capacity and chemical compositions in two holy basil cultivars

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Panita Chutimanukul ◽  
Praderm Wanichananan ◽  
Supattana Janta ◽  
Theerayut Toojinda ◽  
Clive Terence Darwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Light Spectrum ◽  
Holy Basil

AbstractLight-emitting diodes (LEDs) are an artificial light source used in indoor cultivation to influence plant growth, photosynthesis performance and secondary metabolite synthesis. Holy basil plants (Ocimum tenuiflorum) were cultivated under fully controlled environmental conditions with different red (R) and blue (B) light intensity ratios (3R:1B, 1R:1B and 1R:3B), along with combined green (G) LED (2R:1G:2B). The photosynthetic activities of both cultivars were maximal under 3R:1B. However, the highest fresh (FW) and dry (DW) weight values of green holy basil were recorded under 3R:1B and 2R:1G:2B, significantly higher than those under alternative light conditions. For red holy basil, the highest FW and DW were recorded under 1R:3B. Moreover, 2R:1G:2B treatment promoted pigment (chlorophyll and carotenoid) accumulation in green holy basil, while red holy basil was found to be rich in both pigments under 3R:1B. Antioxidant capacity was also influenced by light spectrum, resulting in greater total phenolic content (TPC) and DPPH accumulation in both cultivars under 1R:3B. The highest content of flavonoid in green holy basil was detected under 1R:1B; meanwhile, 1R:3B treatment significantly promoted flavonoid content in red holy basil. In addition, anthocyanin content increased in red holy basil under 1R:3B conditions. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) analysis of chemical composition showed higher proportional accumulation in Methyleugenol and Caryophyllene of two cultivars grown under all light spectrum ratios at two developmental stages. Overall, specific light spectrum ratios induced different chemical composition responses in each cultivar and at each developmental stage. These results suggest that 3R:1B was favorable for biomass accumulation and photosynthetic responses in green holy basil, while 1R:3B provided antioxidant accumulation. For red holy basil cultivation, 1R:3B provided optimal growing conditions, promoting improvements in plant biomass, and physiological and antioxidant capacities.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Bioactive Characteristics of Wild Grown Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Genotypes from Northeastern Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferit CELIK ◽  
Mehmet Ramazan BOZHUYUK ◽  
Sezai ERCISLI ◽  
Muttalip GUNDOGDU
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power

In present study, fruit weight, fruit firmness, external fruit color, soluble solid content, pH, titratable acidity, vitamin C, total phenolics, total anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity of eight wild bilberry grown in Coruh valley in northeastern Turkey were determined. The blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ is also included study to make comparison with bilberry genotypes. Antioxidant activity of bilberry and blueberry fruits were comparatively assessed by FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) assay. Significantly higher content of phenolics and anthocyanins was found in bilberry fruits than in blueberry fruits. However blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ exhibited higher fruit weight and vitamin C content than bilberry fruits. Total phenolic and total anthocyanin content was 327 mg gallic acid equivalent and 142 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent in 100 g fresh fruit in cv. ‘Bluecrop’ while it was between 492-563 mg gallic acid equaivalent and 307-342 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent in 100 g fresh fruits of  bilberry accessions. Moreover, wild accessions approximately had 2-3 folds higher antioxidant capacity than cv. ‘Bluecrop’. Results suggest the possibility of improving the bioactive and antioxidant properties of bilberry cultivars based food products by using wild ones in cross breeding. It was also concluded that genotypes significantly affect their bioactive content and consequently the possibility of using wild bilberry fruits as a potential source of natural antioxidants in food industry.

scholarly journals Active Compound Identification in Extracts of N. lappaceum Peel and Evaluation of Antioxidant Capacity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mariel Monrroy ◽  
Onix Araúz ◽  
José Renán García
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Compound Identification ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
By Products

Nephelium lappaceum and its by-products have great potential in the agricultural, pharmaceutical, and food industries. Some studies have shown that N. lappaceum by-products exhibit antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties. However, studies focused on identifying these compounds are rare. The availability of polyphenolic compounds can vary according to environmental conditions, soil, plant variety, and agronomic management. Therefore, in this study, the active compounds in extracts of the N. lappaceum peel were identified, and their antioxidant properties were evaluated using various extraction solvents and both ultrasonic and boiling extraction techniques. The chemical characterization of the N. lappaceum peel exhibited carbohydrate and reducing sugar contents of 12 and 2%, respectively. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, and steroids. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents and total antioxidant capacity were the highest in the hydroethanolic extract obtained by ultrasound, with values of 340 mg gallic acid equivalents g−1, 76 mg quercetin equivalents g−1, and 2.9 mmol of Trolox equivalents g−1, respectively. Contrarily, the total anthocyanin content was higher in the acid extract obtained by ultrasound, with a value of 0.7 mg cyanidin-3-O-glucoside equivalents g−1. A total of 18 compounds—including hydroxybenzene, phenolic acid, flavonoids, fatty acids (saturated, unsaturated, and ester), vitamin, arenecarbaldehyde, and phthalate—were identified for the first time in the N. lappaceum peel using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The identified compounds have been previously isolated from other plants and reportedly exhibit anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. Thus, the N. lappaceum peel was shown to be a potential source of bioactive compounds of immense importance in the pharmacological and food industries.

scholarly journals Seasonal variations in phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity ofCornus stoloniferaplant material: Applications in agriculture

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara K. Isaak ◽  
Jay C. Petkau ◽  
O Karmin ◽  
Kim Ominski ◽  
Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Lecompte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Cornus Stolonifera ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

Isaak, C. K., Petkau, J. C., O, K., Ominski, K., Rodriguez-Lecompte, J. C, and Siow, Y. L. 2013. Seasonal variations in phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of Cornus stolonifera plant material: Applications in agriculture. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 725–734. The present study was carried out to establish the antioxidant capacity of plant material of Cornus stolonifera (syn. Cornus sericea, Red Osier Dogwood) grown in Manitoba, by measuring total phenolic content and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) over a 3-yr period. The presence and concentrations of flavonoids that might account for antioxidant abilities were investigated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and a total anthocyanins assay. Both ORAC levels and phenolic content increased during the spring, peaked during the summer months (1631.65±166.30 µmol trolox equivalents g−1DW in July 2011, 220.38±2.29 mg gallic acid equivalents g−1DW in August 2012), and then declined during the fall in all 3 yr. Analysis of individual flavonoids in 2010 samples revealed that high levels of rutin, a glycoside of quercetin, were present ranging from 7.46±0.09 (July 2010) to 18.77±0.23 mg g−1dried sample (October 2010). Anthocyanin content was high in the spring, very low in the summer months, and increased in the fall over all 3 yr. Although polyphenolic and antioxidant content in Cornus spp. plants have been largely attributed to their berries, results from this study demonstrate that other plant material may also be an abundant source of these compounds.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Resistance and Sensitivity of Infectious Bacteria to Dendrostellera lessertii and Chemical Composition Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Mostafa Alamholo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis

Introduction: Herbal plants are important sources for finding new and rare products of medicinal value for drug development. The present research aimed to investigate the antibacterial properties of Dendrostellera lessertii against infectious bacteria and analyze its chemical composition. Methods: The different organs comprising root, stem, and leaf of D. lessertii from Lorestan province, Iran, were tested. Antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well-diffusion assay. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were assessed by the Folin Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride methods, respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were tested by the serial dilution method, and chemical compositions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Results: The chemical composition analysis showed the dominance of bergamotol (10.62%) and bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (7.49%) in the stem extract. However, phytol (12.64%) and E-11-hexadecenal (12.53%) were major constituents in the root extract. Furthermore, major constituents in the leaf extract were phytol (19.658%) and hexadecanoic acid (7.151%). The methanolic extract of root exhibited the highest TPC as 109.1±2.2 mgGA/g and TFC as 2.1±0.33 mgQ/g. The root methanolic extract demonstrated a MIC of 3.125 mg/mL against Enterococcus faecalis. Accordingly, the highest sensitivity and resistance were observed on E. faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. Conclusion: Dendrostellera lessertii extract is suggested as a source for antimicrobial drugs, especially to treat bacterial infections.

scholarly journals Effect of growing location on anthocyanin content and total antioxidant capacity of haskap (Lonicera caerulea L.) berry: A preliminary investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Aruma B.H.K. De Silva ◽  
H.P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Antioxidant

The haskap has been successfully cultivated in many geographical zones in Canada. We investigated whether the latitude has any impact on the anthocyanin accumulation and total antioxidant capacity in the haskap berry. The measured quality attributes were compared with that of the blueberry. Haskap ‘Aurora’ berries were collected from Yukon, British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Nova Scotia in Canada, and blueberries were collected from Nova Scotia. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), the most abundant anthocyanin of haskap berry, the total anthocyanins, the total polyphenols, the soluble solids (°Brix), the pH value, the total antioxidant capacity, and the moisture content were determined. The results revealed that the total anthocyanin, total phenolic content, and antioxidant capacity of the haskap range between 88 to 273 mg C3GE/100 g fresh weight (FW), 256 to 442 mg GAE/100 g of FW, and 27 to 52 µmol TE/g FW, respectively. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS) analysis revealed that the C3G contained in the haskap berry is highly dependent on the harvest stage. Among the samples, the haskap berry harvested on July 19, 2019, from the Yukon had the highest C3G content. Interestingly, the total anthocyanin content of the haskap berry is comparable to that of the lowbush blueberry, but higher than the highbush blueberry. A systematic multi-year experiment employing many cultivars and growing locations is recommended to better understand the latitude effect.

Essential Oil and Hydrosol Extract Chemical Composition, Phytochemicals of Algerian Rhus pentaphylla Desf. and its Antioxidant Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 627-638
Author(s):  
Nassima Benmansour ◽  
Asma Allal ◽  
Chaouki Selles ◽  
Boufeldja Tabti ◽  
Alain Muselli
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Promising Source

Background: Rhus pentaphylla Desf. (Anacardiaceae) widely grown in Algeria, is an underutilized plant and remains poorly studied. To investigate for the first time, the chemical composition profile of essential oil and hydrosol extract; besides Total Phenolic (TPC), Flavonoid (TFC) and Condensed Tannins Contents (CTC) of fruits, leaves and roots, the fatty acid composition was assessed. The radical scavenging activity of R. pentaphylla extracts was then evaluated. Methods: Essential oil and hydrosol extract were isolated respectively by hydrodistillation and liquidliquid- extraction from the aerial parts of R. pentaphylla. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Chemical compositions of various extracts were investigated using Gas Chromatography (GC) and GC-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Results: The results of GC and GC-MS analysis revealed 83 components in essential oil and 75 components in hydrosol extract representing respectively 96.9% and 92.5% of the total extract composition. The main constituents were hexadecanoic acid (31.5%) followed by spathulenol (14.9%) in the oil while the higher amount present in the hydrosol extract was of spathulenol (14.2%). Otherwise, 13 and 18 fatty acids were identified in roots and fruits respectively. The highest levels of TPC and CTC were found in roots extracts while the highest quantity of TFC has been recorded in the leaves extract. Besides, hydrosol extract was able to scavenge DPPH and FRAP free radicals more efficiently than essential oil. Conclusion: R. pentaphylla contains bioactive substances that could be used as a new promising source of antioxidant compounds in different applications.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic Effects on the Quality of Mulberry Juice

Beverages ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Nguyen ◽  
Ha Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Mulberry Juice

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of ultrasonic treatments on the extraction yield and the quality of mulberry juice. The mulberry mash was treated with ultrasound at different incubation times from 30 to 120 min and different temperatures from 30 to 75 °C. The determination of the juice yield, total phenolic content, total anthocyanin content, antioxidant capacity, l-ascorbic acid content, total soluble solids, and the titratable acidity of the juice were carried out. Overall, applying ultrasound at 45 °C for 60 min resulted in the highest juice yield and antioxidant contents for the mulberry juice. The ultrasonic treatment increased the extraction yield (29.6%), the total soluble solid (8.7%), the titratable acidity (39.3%), the l-ascorbic acid content (94.3%), total phenolic content (174.1%), total anthocyanin content (156.9%) and the antioxidant capacity (40.7%) of the mulberry juice as compared to pressing only. A strong positive correlation between the total phenolic content and the antioxidant capacity indicated that phenolic compounds were the main antioxidants in the beverage.

scholarly journals Análisis de parámetros fisicoquímicos, compuestos fenólicos y capacidad antioxidante en piel, pulpa y fruto entero de cinco cultivares de manzana (Malus domestica) cosechadas en México//Analysis of physicochemical parameters, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of peel, pulp and whole fruit of five apple varieties (Malus domestica) harvested in Mexico

Biotecnia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-174
Author(s):  
Lizbeth Sandra Corona Leo ◽  
Diana Maylet Hernández-Martínez ◽  
Ofelia Gabriela Meza-Márquez
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Apple Varieties ◽  
Dpph Method ◽  
Golden Delicious

La manzana es fuente de compuestos polifenólicos con propiedades antioxidantes que tienen efectos protectores para la salud humana. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar los sólidos solubles totales (SST), acidez total (AT), pH, compuestos fenólicos totales (CFT), contenido total de flavonoides (CTF), contenido total de antocianinas (CTA) y capacidad antioxidante (ABTS y DPPH) en cinco variedades de manzana cultivadas en México. Los resultados indican que, en todas las variedades de manzana, los CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS y DPPH se encuentran en mayor cantidad en la piel, seguido por el fruto entero y pulpa. En la manzana Golden delicious y en la pulpa de todos los cultivares no se detectaron antocianinas. El análisis de componentes principales (ACP) indica que los SST y AT están asociados a la pulpa y fruto entero, mientras que los CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS y DPPH están asociados a la piel del fruto. Los CFT y CTA presentaron correlación positiva (r: 0.72-0.83) con el método DPPH en piel, mientras que el ensayo ABTS tuvo correlación positiva (r: 0.75-0.89) con CFT y CTF en piel. Los SST, AT, pH, CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS y DPPH varían dependiendo del cultivar, región geográfica y parte del fruto.ABSTRACTApples are a source of polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant properties that have protective effects on human health. The objective of this work was to determine total soluble solids (SST), total acidity (AT), pH, total phenolic compounds (CFT), total flavonoid content (CTF), total anthocyanin content (CTA) and antioxidant capacity (ABTS and DPPH) of five apple varieties harvested in Mexico. Results indicate that CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS and DPPH are distributed in the following order: peel, whole fruit, pulp. In the Golden delicious variety and in the pulp of all apple varieties no anthocyanins were detected. The ACP indicates that SST and AT are associated with pulp and whole fruit, while CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS and DPPH are associated with the peel of the fruit. The CFT and CTA showed a positive correlation (r: 0.72-0.83) with the DPPH method in peel, while the ABTS assay had a positive correlation (r: 0.75-0.89) with CFT and CTF in peel. The SST, AT, pH, CFT, CTF, CTA, ABTS and DPPH vary depending on the cultivar, geographic region and part of the fruit.

scholarly journals Effects of Postharvest Storage and UV-C Irradiation on the Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Cranberries

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 988C-988
Author(s):  
Wilhelmina Kalt ◽  
Agnes M. Rimando ◽  
Michele Elliot ◽  
Charles F. Forney
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Uv C

Recent interest in the human health-promoting properties of fruit phenolics, and especially fruit flavonoids, has stimulated research on how these secondary metabolites may be affected by pre- and postharvest horticultural factors. Resveratrol, although a minor phenolic in many fruit, possesses potent bioactivities, and is therefore of particular interest. To study the effects of postharvest storage and UV-C irradiation on selected phenolic components and antioxidant capacity of cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), fruit of cv. Pilgrim, Stevens, and Bergman, were irradiated with UV-C at levels between 0 and 2.0 KJ·m-2, followed by storage at 9 °C for 7 and 17 d. Total phenolic content did not change during storage. However, resveratrol content was higher and antioxidant capacity (ORAC) was lower at 7 days of storage compared to 17 days. There was no main effect of UV-C on total phenolics, anthocyanins, resveratrol, or ORAC. However, there was an interaction between storage time and UV-C irradiation. Anthocyanin content was lower at 7 days, and higher at 17 days, at UV dosages of 1.0 or 2.0 KJ·m-2. Resveratrol content was higher in UV-C irradiated fruit at 7 days, while at 17 days there was no difference between UV-treated and untreated fruit.

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