Dynamic changes of acquired maternal SARS-CoV-2 IgG in infants

AbstractAt present, there are still ambiguous reports about the perinatal infection of infants born to mothers infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The dynamic characteristics of infantile serum antibodies born to mother with SARS-CoV-2 has not been well described. In this study, we analyzed the seroconversion of 27 newborns born to 26 pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG positive rate of parturient was 80.8%, and half of their infants obtained maternal IgG. IgG transfer rates were 18.8% and 81.8% in those infants whose mother infected less and more than 2 weeks before delivery. In the first two months of life, the IgG level of infants dropped sharply to one tenth of that at birth. These results suggest that maternal SARS-CoV-2 IgG provides limited protection for infants.

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Maternal SARS-CoV-2 IgG provides limited protection for their infants

10.21203/rs.3.rs-60621/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xia Wang ◽

Pu Yang ◽

Junwen Zheng ◽

Pin Liu ◽

Cong Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Dynamic Characteristics ◽

Perinatal Infection ◽

Serum Antibodies ◽

Transfer Rates ◽

Vaccination Strategies ◽

Positive Rate ◽

Igg Level ◽

Maternal Igg

Abstract At present, there are still many ambiguous reports about the perinatal infection of infants born to mothers infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)1-3. The dynamic characteristics of infantile serum antibodies born to mother with SARS-CoV-2 has not been well described4-6. In this study, we analyzed the seroconversion of 27 newborns born to 26 pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG positive rate of parturients was 80.8%, and half of their infants obtained maternal IgG. IgG transfer rates were 18.8% and 81.8% in those infants whose mother infected less and more than 2 weeks before delivery respectively. In the first two months of life, the IgG level of infants dropped sharply to one tenth of that at birth. The IgM was confirmed positive in 53.8% of mothers and negative in all infants. These results suggest that maternal IgG has limited protection for infants, which may help us to improve vaccination strategies in future.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 detected in placentas of 2 coronavirus disease 2019–positive asymptomatic pregnant women—case report

AJOG Global Reports ◽

10.1016/j.xagr.2020.100001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 100001

Author(s):

Jaime Sanchez ◽

Paulino Vigil-De Gracia ◽

Erika Guerrero ◽

Melissa Gaitán ◽

Cindy Fu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Pregnant Women

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Maternal IgG Avidity and IgM Detected by Blot as Diagnostic Tools to Identify Pregnant Women at Risk of Transmitting Cytomegalovirus

Viral Immunology ◽

10.1089/vim.2000.13.137 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 137-141 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

TIZIANA LAZZAROTTO ◽

STEFANIA VARANI ◽

PATRIZIA SPEZZACATENA ◽

LILIANA GABRIELLI ◽

PAOLA PRADELLI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Igg Avidity ◽

Maternal Igg

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A Framework for Protecting Pregnant Women in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic

International Journal of MCH and AIDS (IJMA) ◽

10.21106/ijma.419 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 109-112

Author(s):

Deepa Dongarwar ◽

Veronica Ajewole ◽

Kiydra Harris ◽

Emmanuella Oduguwa ◽

Theresa Ofili ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Access ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Best Practices ◽

Global Health ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Original Work ◽

Creative Commons ◽

New Challenges ◽

Work First ◽

Open Access Article

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, highlighted and compounded problems while posing new challenges for the pregnant population. Although individual organizations have provided disparate information, guidance, and updates on managing the pregnant population during the current COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to develop a collective model that highlights all the best practices needed to protect the pregnant population during the pandemic. To establish a standard for ensuring safety during the pandemic, we present a framework that describes best practices for the management of the pregnant population during the ongoing COVID-19pandemic. Copyright © 2021 Dongarwar, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

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The effectiveness of different forms of micronized progesterone in the treatment of abortion

HEALTH OF WOMAN ◽

10.15574/hw.2017.121.74 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 74-77

Author(s):

V. Pyrohova ◽

◽

I. Kozlovskyy ◽

N. Veresnyuk ◽

M. Malachynska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Key Words ◽

Route Of Administration ◽

Dynamic Changes ◽

Laboratory Course ◽

Routes Of Administration ◽

Threatened Miscarriage ◽

Progesterone Treatment ◽

Large Hematoma ◽

Micronized Progesterone

The research for the purpose of efficiency compared application of vaginal and sublingual form of micronized progesterone in the treatment of a threatened miscarriage of І and II trimesters of pregnancy. Under the supervision were 58 pregnant women who were found during the test retrohorial hematoma. Depending on the route of administration of micronized progesterone patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group included 28 women who were prescribed according to the instructions vaginal tablets Luteina. The second group consisted of 30 patients who used sublingually Luteina. Monitoring the effectiveness of treatment carried out by clinical and laboratory course of the disease based on the dynamic changes of patients complaints, evaluations of ultrasound data in dynamics. The results showed that the effectiveness of treatment when using sublingual or vaginal routes of administration Luteina did not differ significantly, the use of micronized progesterone possible to maintain pregnancy in 79.3% of patients with retrohorial hematomas. Unfavorable factors for the development of pregnancy is central and retrohorial large hematoma. Key words: threatened miscarriage, retrohorial hematomas, micronized progesterone, treatment.

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STATUS OF OXIDANT (MDA) ANTIOXIDANT (SOD) IN FIRST AND THIRD TRIMESTER OF NORMAL PREGNANCY IN TERTIARY CENTER OF CENTRAL INDIA

10.36106/gjra/0200598 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 12-14

Author(s):

Tamrakar Seema ◽

Sachdeva Payasvi ◽

Tripathi Rashmi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Central India ◽

Normal Pregnancy ◽

Metabolic Demand ◽

Third Trimester ◽

Dynamic Changes ◽

Tertiary Center ◽

Antioxidant Supplements ◽

High Metabolic Demand

INTRODUCTION: Pregnancy is associated with high metabolic demand and increased demand for tissue oxygen. Consequently increased production of reactive oxygen species. This leads in increased oxidative stress and decreases antioxidant status during gestational age of normal pregnant women. Aim: Aim of this study was to evaluate the level of oxidant and antioxidant in 1st and 3rd trimester of normal pregnant women. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present study included total 150 cases attended ANC Clinic at the department of Gynae LNMC & J K Hospital was screened for the study. Level of MDA was estimated by Jean et al and SOD was Marklund and Marklund. RESULTS: Findings were, that there was signicantly increase in Malondialdehyde levels (p<0.001) and signicantly decrease in superoxide dismutase activities (P<0.001) in 1st and 3rd trimester of normal pregnant women. Conclusion: present study concludes that there was difference in oxidative status due to dynamic changes. During pregnancy oxidative stress is increased and antioxidant decreased that can be fatal to the health of the mother and the fetus. Therefore antioxidant supplements should be prescribed in early pregnancy to prevent the overwhelming of oxidative stress in pregnant females.

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Infections in Pregnancy With COVID-19 and Other Respiratory RNA Virus Diseases Are Rarely, If Ever, Transmitted to the Fetus: Experiences With Coronaviruses, Parainfluenza, Metapneumovirus Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Influenza

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/arpa.2020-0211-sa ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 144 (8) ◽

pp. 920-928 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

David A. Schwartz ◽

Amareen Dhaliwal

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Middle East ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Rna Viruses ◽

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Intrauterine Transmission ◽

Fetal Infection ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

Maternal Fetal Transmission

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is similar to 2 other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), in causing life-threatening maternal respiratory infections and systemic complications. Because of global concern for potential intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from pregnant women to their infants, this report analyzes the effects on pregnancy of infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory RNA viruses, and examines the frequency of maternal-fetal transmission with SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza (HPIV), and metapneumovirus (hMPV). There have been no confirmed cases of intrauterine transmission reported with SARS-CoV-2 or any other coronaviruses—SARS and MERS. Influenza virus, despite causing approximately 1 billion annual infections globally, has only a few cases of confirmed or suspected intrauterine fetal infections reported. Respiratory syncytial virus is an unusual cause of illness among pregnant women, and with the exception of 1 premature infant with congenital pneumonia, no other cases of maternal-fetal infection are described. Parainfluenza virus and hMPV can produce symptomatic maternal infections but do not cause intrauterine fetal infection. In summary, it appears that the absence thus far of maternal-fetal transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus during the COVID-19 pandemic is similar to other coronaviruses, and is also consistent with the extreme rarity of suggested or confirmed cases of intrauterine transmission of other respiratory RNA viruses. This observation has important consequences for pregnant women because it appears that if intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2 does eventually occur, it will be a rare event. Potential mechanisms of fetal protection from maternal viral infections are also discussed.

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Cross-reactive neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by serum antibodies from recovered SARS patients and immunized animals

Science Advances ◽

10.1126/sciadv.abc9999 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (45) ◽

pp. eabc9999 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yuanmei Zhu ◽

Danwei Yu ◽

Yang Han ◽

Hongxia Yan ◽

Huihui Chong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Receptor Binding ◽

Binding Domain ◽

Full Length ◽

Receptor Binding Domain ◽

Serum Antibodies ◽

Serum Samples ◽

S Protein ◽

Novel Coronavirus

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus genetically close to SARS-CoV. To investigate the effects of previous SARS-CoV infection on the ability to recognize and neutralize SARS-CoV-2, we analyzed 20 convalescent serum samples collected from individuals infected with SARS-CoV during the 2003 SARS outbreak. All patient sera reacted strongly with the S1 subunit and receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV; cross-reacted with the S ectodomain, S1, RBD, and S2 proteins of SARS-CoV-2; and neutralized both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 S protein–driven infections. Analysis of antisera from mice and rabbits immunized with a full-length S and RBD immunogens of SARS-CoV verified cross-reactive neutralization against SARS-CoV-2. A SARS-CoV–derived RBD from palm civets elicited more potent cross-neutralizing responses in immunized animals than the RBD from a human SARS-CoV strain, informing strategies for development of universal vaccines against emerging coronaviruses.

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Effects of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection on Pregnant Women and Their Infants

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/arpa.2020-0232-sa ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 144 (10) ◽

pp. 1217-1222 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Hui Yang ◽

Bin Hu ◽

Sudong Zhan ◽

Li-ye Yang ◽

Guoping Xiong

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Perinatal Death ◽

Severe Pneumonia ◽

Neonatal Morbidity ◽

Late Pregnancy ◽

Chest Computed Tomography ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Context.— The pandemic of a novel coronavirus, termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created an unprecedented global health burden. Objective.— To investigate the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and other poor obstetrical outcomes. Design.— All suspected cases of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted into one center in Wuhan from January 20 to March 19, 2020, were included. Detailed clinical data of those pregnancies with COVID-19 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results.— Twenty-seven pregnant women (4 early pregnancies included) with laboratory or clinically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 24 neonates born to the 23 women in late pregnancy were analyzed. On admission, 46.2% (13 of 27) of the patients had symptoms, including fever (11 of 27), cough (9 of 27), and vomiting (1 of 27). Decreased total lymphocytes count was observed in 81.5% (22 of 27) of patients. Twenty-six patients showed typical viral pneumonia by chest computed tomography scan, whereas 1 patient confirmed with COVID-19 infection showed no abnormality on chest computed tomography. One mother developed severe pneumonia 3 days after her delivery. No maternal or perinatal death occurred. Moreover, 1 early preterm newborn born to a mother with the complication of premature rupture of fetal membranes, highly suspected to have SARS-CoV-2 infection, was SARS-CoV-2 negative after repeated real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing. Statistical differences were observed between the groups of women in early and late pregnancy with COVID-19 in the occurrence of lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia. Conclusions.— No major complications were reported among the studied cohort, though 1 serious case and 1 perinatal infection were observed. Much effort should be made to reduce the pathogenic effect of COVID-19 infection in pregnancies.

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