scholarly journals A metabolomics comparison of plant-based meat and grass-fed meat indicates large nutritional differences despite comparable Nutrition Facts panels

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan van Vliet ◽  
James R. Bain ◽  
Michael J. Muehlbauer ◽  
Frederick D. Provenza ◽  
Scott L. Kronberg ◽  
...  

AbstractA new generation of plant-based meat alternatives—formulated to mimic the taste and nutritional composition of red meat—have attracted considerable consumer interest, research attention, and media coverage. This has raised questions of whether plant-based meat alternatives represent proper nutritional replacements to animal meat. The goal of our study was to use untargeted metabolomics to provide an in-depth comparison of the metabolite profiles a popular plant-based meat alternative (n = 18) and grass-fed ground beef (n = 18) matched for serving size (113 g) and fat content (14 g). Despite apparent similarities based on Nutrition Facts panels, our metabolomics analysis found that metabolite abundances between the plant-based meat alternative and grass-fed ground beef differed by 90% (171 out of 190 profiled metabolites; false discovery rate adjusted p < 0.05). Several metabolites were found either exclusively (22 metabolites) or in greater quantities in beef (51 metabolites) (all, p < 0.05). Nutrients such as docosahexaenoic acid (ω-3), niacinamide (vitamin B3), glucosamine, hydroxyproline and the anti-oxidants allantoin, anserine, cysteamine, spermine, and squalene were amongst those only found in beef. Several other metabolites were found exclusively (31 metabolites) or in greater quantities (67 metabolites) in the plant-based meat alternative (all, p < 0.05). Ascorbate (vitamin C), phytosterols, and several phenolic anti-oxidants such as loganin, sulfurol, syringic acid, tyrosol, and vanillic acid were amongst those only found in the plant-based meat alternative. Large differences in metabolites within various nutrient classes (e.g., amino acids, dipeptides, vitamins, phenols, tocopherols, and fatty acids) with physiological, anti-inflammatory, and/or immunomodulatory roles indicate that these products should not be viewed as truly nutritionally interchangeable, but could be viewed as complementary in terms of provided nutrients. The new information we provide is important for making informed decisions by consumers and health professionals. It cannot be determined from our data if either source is healthier to consume.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan van Vliet ◽  
James Bain ◽  
Michael Muehlbauer ◽  
Frederick Provenza ◽  
Scott Kronberg ◽  
...  

Abstract Concerns regarding the effects of red meat on human and environmental health are prompting consumer interest in plant-based diets. As global food systems strive to meet the dietary needs of an estimated mid-century population of 10 billion, a new generation of plant-based meat alternatives—formulated to mimic the taste and nutritional composition of red meat—have attracted considerable consumer interest, research attention, and media coverage. We used untargeted metabolomics to provide an in-depth comparison of the nutrient profiles of grass-fed ground beef and a market-leading plant-based meat alternative. Metabolomics revealed a 90% difference in nutritional profiles beef and a popular plant-based meat, many of which can have important consumer health implications. This information could not be determined from their Nutrition Facts, which suggests nutritional similarity. Our findings indicate that beef and a popular plant-based meat should not be viewed as nutritionally interchangeable, but as complementary in terms of provided nutritional entities. As society aims to increase food production with ~ 60% by 2050, the meat and the plant-based meat industries will likely coexist and have to complement each other in order this reach this goal.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan van Vliet ◽  
James Bain ◽  
Michael Muehlbauer ◽  
Frederick Provenza ◽  
Scott Kronberg ◽  
...  

Abstract Concerns regarding the effects of red meat on human and environmental health are prompting consumer interest in plant-based diets. As global food systems strive to meet the dietary needs of an estimated mid-century population of 10 billion, a new generation of plant-based meat alternatives—formulated to mimic the taste and nutritional composition of red meat—have attracted considerable consumer interest, research attention, and media coverage. We used untargeted metabolomics to provide an in-depth comparison of the nutrient profiles of grass-fed ground beef and a market-leading plant-based meat alternative. Metabolomics revealed a 90% difference in nutritional profiles beef and a popular plant-based meat, many of which can have important consumer health implications. This information could not be determined from their Nutrition Facts, which suggests nutritional similarity. Our findings indicate that beef and a popular plant-based meat should not be viewed as nutritionally interchangeable, but as complementary in terms of provided nutritional entities. As society aims to increase food production with ~ 60% by 2050, the meat and the plant-based meat industries will likely coexist and have to complement each other in order this reach this goal.


1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Sandford

Recent developments in remote imaging equipment carried on satellites have given the scientific community a vast amount of new information about the Sun and its atmosphere. Media coverage of the remarkable discoveries accompanied by impressive images of the Sun's atmosphere, and linkage to the loss of a television satellite over the United States, have focused public attention on the existence and effects of the Solar Wind. This paper sets out to illustrate the impact of the Solar Wind on radio aids to navigation, and to look at the possible effects on present and proposed systems.


1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (6) ◽  
pp. L521-L548 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Bolender ◽  
D. M. Hyde ◽  
R. T. Dehoff

Today all structural information of the lung can be quantified and interpreted in the three-dimensional space of real-world biology. Remarkable achievements in the theory and practice of biological stereology are creating a new generation of data suitable for constructing structural hierarchies. Such hierarchies serve to organize and link biological data, thereby providing a framework on which to build new information systems. In this review, we describe the new tools of quantitative morphology and show how they can be used to design new experiments for lung research.


2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S29-S29
Author(s):  
C.E. Notredame

Media coverage of suicide has been repeatedly shown to influence suicide rates. The Werther Effect (WE) qualifies the propensity of suicide stories to prompt imitative behaviors. By contrast, the Papageno effect (PE) was more recently identified as a way for journalists to contribute to suicide prevention through their productions. Crucially, both WE and PE depend on the quantitative (audience, redundancies, size of articles, etc.) and qualitative (type of story, editorial style, content, etc.) properties of the coverage.In order to promote the PE and limit the WE, the World Health Organization (WHO) have edited a guideline for media professionals. For instance, journalists are advised to prohibit sensationalism, avoid pictures or details about the suicide method, and show due respect to the bereaved relatives. However, it is now clear that the only chance for these recommendations to be applied is to integrate their diffusion into a more general effort toward collaboration with journalists.Papageno is a French national suicide prevention program that fully relies on learners to rise awareness about suicide and its coverage. It mainly consists in pair-meetings between psychiatry trainees and journalism students. Such an innovative formula breaks with the old top-down knowledge transmission model in order to foster personalized and sustainable sensitization. It aims at growing up a new generation of journalists who would be more aware of their responsibility concerning suicide and would more spontaneously resort to the WHO guidelines. Ultimately, the Papageno program strives for the creation of a new culture where journalists and psychiatrist would collaborate for a safer media coverage of suicide.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.


Clay Minerals ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Clauer ◽  
N. Liewig ◽  
I. Bobos

AbstractAmmonium illite and ammonium illite-smectite mixed layers, together with potassium illite, smectite and minute amounts of kaolinite were identified in hydrothermally altered andesite rocks from the Harghita Bãi area of the Eastern Carpathians, Romania. K-Ar dating and oxygen isotope tracing, as well as rare-earth elemental analyses were made to provide new information on the timing and crystal-chemical processes characterizing the crystallization and further evolution of these illite-type mineral phases.The combined results suggest the occurrence of hydrothermal activity in two distinct episodes with nucleation of two generations of illite-type particles of different chemistry and morphology. About 9.5 Ma ago, potassium illite crystallized in alteration halos of the porphyry Cu system, probably at a temperature of ~270ºC from fluids having a δ18O of ~2.9% (V-SMOW). Associated smectite seems to have precipitated slightly later in external alteration halos at a similar temperature, but from fluids depleted in alkalis and with a different δ18O. Alternately, ammonium-rich illite-smectite mixed layers formed very recently, less than ~1 million years ago at a temperature of ~90ºC from fluids of probable meteoric origin that altered the previously crystallized potassium illite, resulting in the crystallization of a new generation of ammonium illite-smectite mixed layers. Evidence of this dissolution-precipitation process is provided by a significant increase in the δ18O of the mixed-layer structures and by a significant change in their REE contents and distribution patterns. Occurrence of potassium in the ammonium-rich mixed layers probably relates to the progressive alteration of the first-generation potassium illite and a discrete concomitant take up of released K by the new NH4-rich interlayers of the ammonium mixed layered sequence.


Author(s):  
Levent V. Orman

A new generation of intermediaries is predicted to flourish in the emerging electronic markets. They rely on new information technologies such as the semantic web, rule-based triggers, and knowledge-based constraint maintenance systems. These technologies do not automate or reduce intermediation, but inspire new types of intermediaries that rely on the technologies and complement them with human organizations. An inter-organizational architecture based on multiple levels of intermediation is described, and arguments are presented for its usefulness in emerging electronic markets.


2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1029-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annemaree Lloyd

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce and explore the concept of information resilience. Design/methodology/approach – The concept of information resilience emerges from a qualitative study that explored the health information experience and information practices of resettling refugees. Semi-structured face-to-face interviews were employed and the data collected were analysed using an grounded theory approach. Findings – The present study describes information resilience as an outcome of information literacy practice. As an emerging concept information resilience has the potential to focus research attention towards the critical role that information and information practices such as information literacy have in supporting people whose knowledge bases, social networks and information landscapes have become disrupted during transition. Practical implications – Public libraries role in support the development of information resilience is considered. Social implications – The paper draws from a study of the health information experiences of refugees during resettlement (Lloyd, 2014). The concept of information resilience emerges as an outcome of information literacy practice, for people whose knowledge base has become disrupted; and, who because of this disruption, must engage with new information environments and construct new information landscapes to rebuild social capital and bridge the transition into a new community. Originality/value – Introduces the concept of information resilience as a focal point for investigating transition from an information studies perspective.


Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Ronanki ◽  
Apoorva Kelkar ◽  
Sheldon S. Williamson

With the growing fleet of a new generation electric vehicles (EVs), it is essential to develop an adequate high power charging infrastructure that can mimic conventional gasoline fuel stations. Therefore, much research attention must be focused on the development of off-board DC fast chargers which can quickly replenish the charge in an EV battery. However, use of the service transformer in the existing fast charging architecture adds to the system cost, size and complicates the installation process while directly connected to medium-voltage (MV) line. With continual improvements in power electronics and magnetics, solid state transformer (SST) technology can be adopted to enhance power density and efficiency of the system. This paper aims to review the current state of the art architectures and challenges of fast charging infrastructure using SST technology while directly connected to the MV line. Finally, this paper discusses technical considerations, challenges and introduces future research possibilities.


Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Marcocci ◽  
Yuichiro J. Suzuki

Vitamin E nicotinate (tocopherol nicotinate, tocopheryl nicotinate; TN) is an ester of two vitamins, tocopherol (vitamin E) and niacin (vitamin B3), in which niacin is linked to the hydroxyl group of active vitamin E. This vitamin E ester can be chemically synthesized and is used for supplementation. However, whether TN is formed in the biological system was unclear. Our laboratory previously detected TN in rat heart tissues, and its level was 30-fold lower in a failing heart (Wang et al., PLoS ONE 2017, 12, e0176887). The rat diet used in these experiments contained vitamin E acetate (tocopherol acetate; TA) and niacin separately, but not in the form of TN. Since only TN, but not other forms of vitamin E, was decreased in heart failure, the TN structure may elicit biologic functions independent of serving as a source of active vitamin E antioxidant. To test this hypothesis, the present study performed metabolomics to compare effects of TN on cultured cells to those of TA plus niacin added separately (TA + N). Human vascular smooth muscle cells were treated with TN or with TA + N (100 μM) for 10 min. Metabolite profiles showed that TN and TA + N influenced the cells differentially. TN effectively upregulated various primary fatty acid amides including arachidonoylethanoamine (anandamide/virodhamine) and palmitamide. TN also activated mitogen-activated protein kinases. These results suggest a new biological function of TN to elicit cell signaling.


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