scholarly journals Functional versus morphological assessment of vascular age in patients with coronary heart disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tino Yurdadogan ◽  
Carolin Malsch ◽  
Kornelia Kotseva ◽  
David Wood ◽  
Rainer Leyh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Functional Versus ◽  
Vascular Age ◽  
Vascular Status

AbstractCommunicating cardiovascular risk based on individual vascular age (VA) is a well acknowledged concept in patient education and disease prevention. VA may be derived functionally, e.g. by measurement of pulse wave velocity (PWV), or morphologically, e.g. by assessment of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether both approaches produce similar results. Within the context of the German subset of the EUROASPIRE IV survey, 501 patients with coronary heart disease underwent (a) oscillometric PWV measurement at the aortic, carotid-femoral and brachial-ankle site (PWVao, PWVcf, PWVba) and derivation of the aortic augmentation index (AIao); (b) bilateral cIMT assessment by high-resolution ultrasound at three sites (common, bulb, internal). Respective VA was calculated using published equations. According to VA derived from PWV, most patients exhibited values below chronological age indicating a counterintuitive healthier-than-anticipated vascular status: for VAPWVao in 68% of patients; for VAAIao in 52% of patients. By contrast, VA derived from cIMT delivered opposite results: e.g. according to VAtotal-cIMT accelerated vascular aging in 75% of patients. To strengthen the concept of VA, further efforts are needed to better standardise the current approaches to estimate VA and, thereby, to improve comparability and clinical utility.

scholarly journals Maternal Glycemia During Pregnancy and Child Carotid Intima Media Thickness, Pulse Wave Velocity, and Augmentation Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (7) ◽  
pp. e2581-e2590
Author(s):  
Wen Lun Yuan ◽  
Jinjie Lin ◽  
Michael S Kramer ◽  
Keith M Godfrey ◽  
Peter D Gluckman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Risk Markers

Abstract Background In women without diabetes, little is known about the consequences of hyperglycemia during pregnancy for the offspring’s cardiovascular structure and function. Objective To investigate the association of maternal glycemia during pregnancy with cardiovascular risk markers in their children in GUSTO, a Singaporean birth cohort study. Methods Around 26 weeks’ gestation, a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was performed and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (PPPG) concentrations were measured. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was defined using WHO 1999 diagnostic criteria. At 6 years of age, we measured the child’s carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), aortic augmentation index (AIx), and blood pressure (BP). Association of maternal glycemia during pregnancy with cardiovascular risk markers in their children were analyzed using multiple linear and logistic regressions. Results Analysis were performed on 479 mother–child dyads. Higher maternal FPG was associated with higher cIMT and, in males, with a higher cfPWV in the offspring (adjusted β [CI 95%], cIMT: 0.08 per 10mm increase [0.02; 0.15], cfPWV: 0.36 m/s [0.01; 0.70]). Higher 2-hour PPPG was associated with higher cfPWV and AIx. Gestational diabetes mellitus was associated with higher AIx. No association was found between maternal glycemia and their offspring blood pressure. Conclusions among mothers without pre-existing diabetes, higher glycemia during pregnancy was associated with mild structural and functional vascular changes in their children at 6 years of age across a continuum. These results support the necessity to monitor maternal glycemia during pregnancy even in the absence of pre-existing diabetes or diagnosed GDM.

Carotid intima-media thickness and coronary heart disease risk factors in a low-risk population

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 743-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Ferrières ◽  
Antoine Elias ◽  
Jean-Bernard Ruidavets ◽  
Christelle Cantet ◽  
Vanina Bongard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease Risk ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Heart Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease Risk

scholarly journals Relationship of arterial wall parameters to cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular risk assessed by SCORE system

Medicina ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milda Kovaitė ◽  
Žaneta Petrulionienė ◽  
Ligita Ryliškytė ◽  
Jolita Badarienė ◽  
Alma Čypienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Flow Mediated Dilatation

Objective. To investigate the relationship of arterial wall parameters (flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery, augmentation index, pulse wave velocity, stiffness index, carotid intima-media thickness) to conventional cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular risk assessed by SCORE system. Material and methods. A total of 209 subjects aged 40–65 years without clinically overt cardiovascular disease were examined. Parameters of arterial stiffness were obtained by two methods: augmentation index and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity by applanation tonometry and stiffness index by the means of finger photoplethysmography. Flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery, reflecting endothelial function, and carotid intima-media thickness was determined using a high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. Results. Age and the presence of diabetes strongly influenced all parameters of the arterial wall (diabetes was not independent predictor when evaluating augmentation index). Mean arterial pressure and gender were independent predictors for arterial stiffness parameters – carotid-radial pulse wave velocity and augmentation index. Flow-mediated dilatation was strongly dependent on the diameter of the brachial artery, age, and body mass index. Using logistic regression, it was found that pulse wave velocity (P=0.014), intima-media thickness (P=0.004), and flow-mediated dilatation (P=0.020) were important parameters dividing subjects to the groups of increased (³5%) and low (<5%) cardiovascular risk assessed by SCORE system. The cutoff values for intima-media thickness and pulse wave velocity were 0.078 cm and 8.95 m/s, respectively. Conclusions. Arterial wall parameters are closely associated with conventional risk factors; they are influenced by age and the presence of diabetes. Arterial stiffness parameters are also influenced by mean arterial pressure; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol has influence on carotid intima-media thickness. Cutoff values for carotid intima-media thickness and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity could help to discriminate patients with increased cardiovascular risk.

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