Thallium based heavy inorganic scintillators: Recent developments and future perspective

CrystEngComm ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjoo Kim ◽  
Arshad Khan ◽  
Joseph Daniel ◽  
Gul Rooh ◽  
Vuong Quoc Phan

The current development status and future perspective of Tl-based inorganic scintillators are the subjects of this highlights. Thallium (Tl) ion is known to have very efficient luminescence in the widely...

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
Gaurav Ranabhat ◽  
Ashmita Dhakal ◽  
Saurav Ranabhat ◽  
Ananta Dhakal ◽  
Rakshya Aryal

Modern biotechnology enables an organism to produce a totally new product which the organism does not or cannot produce normally through the incorporation of the technology of ‘Genetic engineering’. Biotechnology shows its technical merits and new development prospects in breeding of new plants varieties with high and stable yield, good quality, as well as stress tolerance and resistance. Some of the most prevailing problems faced in agricultural ecosystems could be solved with the introduction of transgenic crops incorporated with traits for insect pest resistance, herbicide tolerance and resistance to viral diseases. Plant biotechnology has gained importance in the recent past for increasing the quality and quantity of agricultural, horticultural, ornamental plants, and in manipulating the plants for improved agronomic performance. Recent developments in the genome sequencing will have far reaching implications for future agriculture. From this study, we can know that the developing world adopts these fast-changing technologies soon and harness their unprecedented potential for the future benefit of human being.


Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Rabeay Y.A. Hassan ◽  
Ferdinando Febbraio ◽  
Silvana Andreescu

Microbial electrochemical systems are a fast emerging technology that use microorganisms to harvest the chemical energy from bioorganic materials to produce electrical power. Due to their flexibility and the wide variety of materials that can be used as a source, these devices show promise for applications in many fields including energy, environment and sensing. Microbial electrochemical systems rely on the integration of microbial cells, bioelectrochemistry, material science and electrochemical technologies to achieve effective conversion of the chemical energy stored in organic materials into electrical power. Therefore, the interaction between microorganisms and electrodes and their operation at physiological important potentials are critical for their development. This article provides an overview of the principles and applications of microbial electrochemical systems, their development status and potential for implementation in the biosensing field. It also provides a discussion of the recent developments in the selection of electrode materials to improve electron transfer using nanomaterials along with challenges for achieving practical implementation, and examples of applications in the biosensing field.


Life ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironori Sugiyama ◽  
Taro Toyota

Experimental evolution in chemical models of cells could reveal the fundamental mechanisms of cells today. Various chemical cell models, water-in-oil emulsions, oil-on-water droplets, and vesicles have been constructed in order to conduct research on experimental evolution. In this review, firstly, recent studies with these candidate models are introduced and discussed with regards to the two hierarchical directions of experimental evolution (chemical evolution and evolution of a molecular self-assembly). Secondly, we suggest giant vesicles (GVs), which have diameters larger than 1 µm, as promising chemical cell models for studying experimental evolution. Thirdly, since technical difficulties still exist in conventional GV experiments, recent developments of microfluidic devices to deal with GVs are reviewed with regards to the realization of open-ended evolution in GVs. Finally, as a future perspective, we link the concept of messy chemistry to the promising, unexplored direction of experimental evolution in GVs.


2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 619-622
Author(s):  
Young Jun Hong ◽  
Gi Ra Yi

In present paper, various industrial applications of the sol-gel technology will be briefly introduced. In particular, the current development status and technological issues of sol gel derived functional nanoparticles in electronic and industrial materials will be reviewed. Productions and surface modifications of nanoparticles by sol-gel processing, their incorporations into nanocomposites and final applications are described.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Yingjie Xie

<p><span lang="EN-US">Biosimilar has the advantages of precise efficacy, high safety and stable quality, and occupy an important position in the field of anti-tumor therapy. In order to reduce the expenditure of drugs, the research and development of biosimilar drugs has attracted much attention. Compared with European and American countries in the development of the anti-tumor biosimilar industry, there are still some shortcomings and parts that need improvement in China. According to the current development status of China, analyzed the reasons for the development dilemma of my country’s anti-tumor biosimilar industry, and put forward suggestions for the development of this industry.</span></p>


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Yi Wang

This paper focuses on the analysis of the aviation industry machining technology transformation, and its current development status. The entire development plan for numerical control machine tool needs to be perfected, and the balance of numerical control technology development has to be strengthened. Additionally, the utilization rate of numerical control machines is relatively low; thus, raise the rate of equipment, numerical control, and numerical control equipment usage, and enhance the mechanical processing technology management task. Its aim is to improve aviation industry machining efficiency, which leads to a good development in China’s aviation industry.


Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1232
Author(s):  
Simin Arshi ◽  
Mehran Nozari-Asbemarz ◽  
Edmond Magner

Biocatalysts provide a number of advantages such as high selectivity, the ability to operate under mild reaction conditions and availability from renewable resources that are of interest in the development of bioreactors for applications in the pharmaceutical and other sectors. The use of oxidoreductases in biocatalytic reactors is primarily focused on the use of NAD(P)-dependent enzymes, with the recycling of the cofactor occurring via an additional enzymatic system. The use of electrochemically based systems has been limited. This review focuses on the development of electrochemically based biocatalytic reactors. The mechanisms of mediated and direct electron transfer together with methods of immobilising enzymes are briefly reviewed. The use of electrochemically based batch and flow reactors is reviewed in detail with a focus on recent developments in the use of high surface area electrodes, enzyme engineering and enzyme cascades. A future perspective on electrochemically based bioreactors is presented.


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