Effect of calcination temperature on the morphology and catalytic properties of ZnO nanostructures fabricated from a chiral precursor for photodegradation of both cationic and anionic dyes

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shradha Gandhi ◽  
Rupinder Kaur ◽  
Vandana Sharma ◽  
Sanjay Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Zno Nanostructures ◽  
Anionic Dyes ◽  
Different Temperatures

Diverse ZnO nanostructures (ZnO_1 to ZnO_3) were synthesized by direct calcination of a chiral MOF precursor {[Zn4(µ3-OH)2(D-2,4-cbs)2(H2O)4].5H2O}n (Zn-CBS) at three different temperatures 600, 700 and 800 oC, respectively. On the...

scholarly journals Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature During Valorization of Date Stones on Physiochemical Properties of Activated Carbon and Its Catalytic Activity for the Oxidation of Cycloalkenes

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 686
Author(s):  
Hamed M. Alshammari ◽  
Nadir Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

This study presents findings on the chemical synthesis of activated carbon from Saudi dates and its structural, chemical, and catalytic properties. Dates are among the top biowaste materials in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and efforts are underway to utilize this resource. A chemical pyrolysis method was used to synthesize activated carbon from date stones. Synthesized activated carbon was calcined at different temperatures of 400, 500, 600, and 700 °C, and the impact of calcination temperature on the properties of activated carbon was investigated. For this purpose, contemporary characterization tools, namely, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, TEM, TGA, DSC, and XPS, were employed. Results are discussed and compared with associated studies. Finally, the catalytic activity of gold-deposited activated carbon for the oxidation of cycloalkenes was evaluated, and it was found that the calcination temperature has a linear positive relationship with the catalytic activity.

scholarly journals The Importance of Thermal Treatment on Wet-Kneaded Silica–Magnesia Catalyst and Lebedev Ethanol-to-Butadiene Process

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Sang-Ho Chung ◽  
Adrian Ramirez ◽  
Tuiana Shoinkhorova ◽  
Ildar Mukhambetov ◽  
Edy Abou-Hamad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Catalyst Preparation ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Calcination Temperatures ◽  
Alternative Process ◽  
Magnesium Silicates

The Lebedev process, in which ethanol is catalytically converted into 1,3-butadiene, is an alternative process for the production of this commodity chemical. Silica–magnesia (SiO2–MgO) is a benchmark catalyst for the Lebedev process. Among the different preparation methods, the SiO2–MgO catalysts prepared by wet-kneading typically perform best owing to the surface magnesium silicates formed during wet-kneading. Although the thermal treatment is of pivotal importance as a last step in the catalyst preparation, the effect of the calcination temperature of the wet-kneaded SiO2–MgO on the Lebedev process has not been clarified yet. Here, we prepared and characterized in detail a series of wet-kneaded SiO2–MgO catalysts using varying calcination temperatures. We find that the thermal treatment largely influences the type of magnesium silicates, which have different catalytic properties. Our results suggest that the structurally ill-defined amorphous magnesium silicates and lizardite are responsible for the production of ethylene. Further, we argue that forsterite, which has been conventionally considered detrimental for the formation of ethylene, favors the formation of butadiene, especially when combined with stevensite.

scholarly journals Using Diaper Waste to Prepare Magnetic Catalyst for the Synthesis of Glycerol Carbonate

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jincan Wang ◽  
Yong Liang ◽  
Song Wang ◽  
Patrick U. Okoye ◽  
Hongxu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Property ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Separation Process ◽  
Nickel Nitrate ◽  
Glycerol Carbonate ◽  
Magnetic Catalyst ◽  
Catalyst Separation ◽  
Different Temperatures

Diaper waste was calcined above 400°C after impregnated in the solution of nickel nitrate. The as-prepared diaper waste-derived materials were used as magnetic catalysts for the synthesis of glycerol carbonate (GC). Structure and catalytic ability investigations on the catalysts calcined at different temperatures indicated that calcination temperature was an important factor affecting the property of catalysts. It was found that the catalyst obtained at the calcination temperature of 700°C (named DW-Ni-700) showed the best performance. When DW-Ni-700 was used in the synthesis of GC, GC yield reached 93.2%, and the magnetic property of DW-Ni-700 facilitated the catalyst separation process. Meanwhile, DW-Ni-700 showed high reusability in the reaction. After four times reuse of DW-Ni-700, GC yield decreased less than 4%.

Effect of calcination temperature on the microstructure of vanadium nitride/nitrogen-doped graphene nanocomposites as anode materials in electrochemical capacitors

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghua Liu ◽  
Fengfan Li ◽  
Weiwei Liu ◽  
Xin Li
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Vanadium Nitride ◽  
Graphene Nanocomposites ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Pyrolysis Method ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Graphene ◽  
Doped Graphene

VN/N-doped graphene nanocomposites have been fabricated by an in situ pyrolysis method at different temperatures for supercapacitors.

Effect of Annealing Temperature of CoCr2O4 on Structural and Vibrational Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1079-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachi Joshi ◽  
Pallavi Saxena ◽  
M. D. Varshney ◽  
V. N. Rai ◽  
A. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Auto Combustion ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Disorder Effect ◽  
High Calcination Temperature

CoCr2O4 nanoparticles were prepared by low-temperature sol–gel auto combustion method. In this paper, we have investigated the structural behavior of CoCr2O4 nanoparticles annealed at two different temperatures (600 °C and 800 °C). From the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of CoCr2O4, we have found that there is no change in crystalline structure and it was indexed in the cubic spinel structure with space group Fd3m. It was observed that average crystallite size increases with calcination temperature. High calcination temperature reduced the noise level and enhanced the accuracy of calculated parameters. For both the samples of CoCr2O4, we observed Raman scattering modes at around 471, 516, 539, 561, 590, 626 and 688 cm–1. The additional modes in vibrational spectra appear due to the disorder effect.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Carbonaceous Nanomaterial-Assisted Photocatalysts Calcined at Different Temperatures for Indoor Air Applications

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-Kuen Jo ◽  
Kun-Hwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Photocatalytic Decomposition ◽  
Ethyl Benzene ◽  
Multiwall Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Benzene Toluene ◽  
Uv Lamp ◽  
Carbonaceous Nanomaterial

This study examined the characteristics and photocatalytic activity of multiwall carbon nanotube-assisted TiO2(MWNT-TiO2) nanocomposites calcined at different temperatures to assess their potential indoor air applications. It was confirmed that the composites calcined at low temperatures (300 and 400°C) contained TiO2nanoparticles bound intimately to the MWNT networks. Meanwhile, almost no MWNTs were observed when the calcination temperature was increased to 500 and 600°C. The MWNT-TiO2composites calcined at low temperatures showed higher photocatalytic decomposition efficiencies for aromatic hydrocarbons at indoor concentrations than those calcined at high temperatures. The mean efficiencies for benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and o-xylene (BTEX) by the composite calcined at 300°C were 32, 70, 79, and 79%, respectively, whereas they were 33, 71, 78, and 78% for the composite calcined at 400°C, respectively. In contrast, the efficiencies decreased to close to zero when the calcination temperature was increased to 600°C. Moreover, the MWNT-TiO2exhibited superior photocatalytic performance for the decomposition efficiencies compared to TiO2under conventional UV-lamp irradiations. Consequently, these carbonaceous nanomaterial-assisted photocatalysts can be applied effectively to indoor air applications depending upon the calcination temperature.

Effect of Calcination Temperature on the Morphological and Phase Structure of Hydrothermally Synthesized Copper Ion Doped TiO2 Nanotubes

2014 ◽  
Vol 1024 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Hasmizam Razali ◽  
M.N. Ahmad-Fauzi ◽  
Abdul Rahman Mohamed ◽  
Srimala Sreekantan
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Scanning Electronmicroscopy ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Uniform Diameter

Morphological evolution and phase transformations of copper ion doped TiO2nanotubes after being calcined at different temperatures were studied by field emission scanning electronmicroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. After calcination at 300°C, the nanotubes with uniform diameter and length wereobtained. At 400°C, the nanotube structures were maintained. Nevertheless the inner tube diameter became narrower, and in same instances disappeared due to aggregation of nanotubes. The copper ion doped TiO2nanotubes then transformed to nanorodsat 500°C and the length of the nanorodsshortens after calcination at 600 °C. When the calcination temperature was further increased to 700°C, the nanorodsdisintegrate to form nanoparticles. On the other hand the phase structures of copper ion doped TiO2nanotubes calcined at 300 and 400 °C were TiO2hexagonal. After calcined at higher temperature (600 and 700°C) they transformed to anatase TiO2(tetragonal).

Effect of Calcination Temperature on Phase Transformation and Microstructure of Al2O3/GdAlO3 Compound Powder Prepared by Co-Precipitation Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 535-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Sun ◽  
Qiang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Metastable Phase ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Calcination Process ◽  
Compound Powder ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Co Precipitation

A Coprecipitation Method Was Applied to Synthesize Al2O3/GdAlO3 Compound Powder, Using Ammonia as the Precipitator. Gadolinium Oxide and Aluminium Nitrate Were Used as the Raw Materials with the Eutectic Ratio( 77 mol% Al 3+ – 23 mol% Gd 3+ ). the Precursor Was Calcined at Different Temperatures from 1200 to 1600 °C. the Phase Identifications at Different Temperatures Were Characterized by X-ray Diffractometry (XRD). the Growth Morphology of Particles Were Investigated Using Field Emission Electro Microscopy (FE-SEM). the Results Reveal that GdAlO3 Crystallized Earlier than α-Al2O3. the Diffraction Peaks of α-Al2O3 Phase Were Observed after Calcination at 1300°C for 1 H. Metastable Phase Gd3Al5O12 Underwent Complete Decomposition at 1600°C for 1 H. Gadolinium Aluminate and α-Al2O3 Showed Different Growth Mechanism during the Calcination Process. the Average Grain Size of the Calcined Powder Increased from ~40 to ~900 Nm as the Calcination Temperature Increased from 1200 to 1600 °C.

Calcination temperature-dependent surface structure and physicochemical properties of magnesium oxide

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (105) ◽  
pp. 86102-86112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Yajun Zheng ◽  
Xiaoqin Feng ◽  
Xiaoxiao Han ◽  
Zongquan Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Different Temperatures

The electrochemical performance of MgO particles is highly dependent on their crystal structures resulting from calcination at different temperatures.

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