Repetitive Negative Thinking, Temperament, and Adverse Impact in Adults Who Stutter

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth Tichenor ◽  
J. Scott Yaruss
Keyword(s):  
Effortful Control ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Adverse Impact ◽  
Tailored Intervention ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
Perseverative Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Prior research has explored how repetitive negative thinking (RNT) contributes to both the increased persistence and severity of various disorders, such as depression, anxiety, and eating disorders. This study explored the potential role of RNT in the experience of stuttering, with a particular focus on the relationship between RNT, adverse impact, and certain temperament profiles. Method Three hundred thirteen adults who stutter completed a measurement of the frequency/severity of RNT (Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire; Ehring et al., 2011 ), 207 completed a temperament profile (Adult Temperament Questionnaire; Evans & Rothbart, 2007 ), and 205 completed a measurement of adverse stuttering impact (Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering; Yaruss & Quesal, 2016 ). Analyses were conducted within and across instruments to ascertain how RNT, temperament markers, and adverse impact interrelate within individuals. Results Results indicated that RNT significantly predicts Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering impact scores with great effect and that certain temperament markers (specifically, Effortful Control and Negative Affectivity) moderate this relationship for specific sections of the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Conclusion By assessing RNT in people who stutter, clinicians can better understand individual differences in their clients, and this will allow them to make targeted diagnoses and develop more tailored intervention plans.

Unraveling pathways to depression in fibromyalgia, the role of perseverative negative thinking and negative affect

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S207-S207
Author(s):  
A.M. Pinto ◽  
C. Costa ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
M. Marques ◽  
J.A. Pereira da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽  
Multiple Mediation ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Perseverative Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionSeveral studies have demonstrated a strong link between fibromyalgia, negative affect (NA) and depression. However, it remains unclear why some fibromyalgia patients get depressed while others do not and, primarily, which mechanisms account for this difference. We hypothesize that, besides clinical features, the engagement in dysfunctional strategies like perseverative negative thinking (PNT) followed by an amplification of NA levels may increase the risk of fibromyalgia patients experiencing depressive symptoms.Objective/AimsTo explore the serial mediator effect of PNT and NA on the relationship between fibromyalgia symptoms and depressive symptoms.MethodsHundred and three women with fibromyalgia (mean age 47.32 ± 10.63) completed the Portuguese version of the Revised-Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire, Profile of Mood States and Beck Depression Inventory-II. The association between the variables was investigated via Pearson correlations and serial multiple mediation.ResultsThe estimated model was significant [F (3.86) = 57.318, P < .001] explaining 66.66% of depressive symptoms variance. The total effect of fibromyalgia symptoms on depressive symptoms was of .4998 (SE = 0.0795, P < 0.001; CI > 0.3417 and < 0.6578), with a significant direct effect of 0.1911 (SE = 0.0653; CI > 0.0614 and < 0.3209). The total indirect effects were of 0.3086 (SE = 0.0619; CI > 0.2033 < 0.4458). Three significant specific indirect effects were found.ConclusionThe effect of fibromyalgia symptoms on depressive symptoms is partially operated through cognitive interference/unproductiveness, which in turn influences NA levels. Such findings highlight the crucial role of these constructs in the relationship between fibromyalgia symptoms and depressive symptoms and the urge to address them when treating individuals reporting greater fibromyalgia symptoms.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Perfectionism and adolescent sleep quality: The mediating role of repetitive negative thinking

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1626-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong-Mao Lin ◽  
Shan-Shan Xie ◽  
You-Wei Yan ◽  
Yu-Hsin Chen ◽  
Wen-Jing Yan
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
Adolescent Sleep ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Adaptive Perfectionism

This study explores the mediating effects of repetitive negative thinking in the relationship between perfectionism and adolescent sleep quality. A sample of 1664 Chinese adolescents with a mean age of 15.0 years was recruited, and they completed four measures relating to perfectionism, sleep quality, worry, and rumination. The results showed that maladaptive perfectionism was positively correlated with poor sleep quality in adolescents, which was mediated by both worry and rumination. However, adaptive perfectionism was not significantly associated with adolescent sleep quality, and this relationship was suppressed by rumination (but not worry). The implications of these results are also discussed.

scholarly journals 0248 Does Attentional Control Relate to Sleep Disruption and Repetitive Negative Thinking?

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A95-A95
Author(s):  
C Acenowr ◽  
M Coles ◽  
E Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Attentional Control ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Sleep Disruption ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Attentional Shift ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
One Step ◽  
Perseverative Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction Insomnia is associated with increased repetitive negative thinking (RNT) and poor attentional control. There is increasing interest in the relevance of these processes for psychopathology. For example, Cox, Cole, Kramer and Olatunji (2018) proposed that focusing and shifting in attentional control may help explain the link between sleep disturbance and RNT. In support, attentional focus was found to be significant in the relationship between insomnia and RNT. As this study looked at disorder-specific measures of RNT and only insomnia, the current study aimed to replicate and extend the findings by also examining circadian sleep disruption and transdiagnostic RNT. Methods The current study included 127 participants. Sleep disruption was assessed by the SLEEP-50 (Spoormaker, Verbeek, van den Bout & Klip, 2005). This measure provides several subscale scores, including disruption in circadian rhythms and insomnia. The Attentional Control Scale (Derryberry & Reed, 2002) is a measure of attentional focus and shifting which was also utilized. Lastly, the Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire (Ehring et al., 2011) is a widely used transdiagnostic measure of RNT. Results Pearson’s Correlations indicated that both insomnia and circadian disruptions were significantly associated with RNT (insomnia, r=.27; circadian, r=.24). Mirroring the results of Cox, Cole, Kramer and Olatunji, attentional focus was significant (insomnia, r=-.29; circadian, r=-.28), whereas attentional shift was not (insomnia, r=.02; circadian, r=.06). Conclusion The connection between sleep disruption and factors that contribute to psychopathology needs to be better understood. This study differentiates types of attention and their relation to insomnia and circadian sleep disruption, and RNT. If attentional focus can link sleep disruption and RNT, clinicians can move one step closer to understanding the development of risk factors that may jeopardize an individual. Support n/a

Parenting Behaviors and Anxiety in Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin N. Stevens ◽  
Joseph R. Bardeen ◽  
Kyle W. Murdock
Keyword(s):  
Effortful Control ◽  
Parenting Behaviors ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Parental Overprotection ◽  
High Control ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Parenting behaviors – specifically behaviors characterized by high control, intrusiveness, rejection, and overprotection – and effortful control have each been implicated in the development of anxiety pathology. However, little research has examined the protective role of effortful control in the relation between parenting and anxiety symptoms, specifically among adults. Thus, we sought to explore the unique and interactive effects of parenting and effortful control on anxiety among adults (N = 162). Results suggest that effortful control uniquely contributes to anxiety symptoms above and beyond that of any parenting behavior. Furthermore, effortful control acted as a moderator of the relationship between parental overprotection and anxiety, such that overprotection is associated with anxiety only in individuals with lower levels of effortful control. Implications for potential prevention and intervention efforts which specifically target effortful control are discussed. These findings underscore the importance of considering individual differences in self-regulatory abilities when examining associations between putative early-life risk factors, such as parenting, and anxiety symptoms.

Cardiac interoception in neurological conditions and its relevance for dimensional approaches

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrián Yoris ◽  
Adolfo M. García ◽  
Paula Celeste Salamone ◽  
Lucas Sedeño ◽  
Indira García-Cordero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Neurological Conditions ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
General Source ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Conditions

Dimensional and transdiagnostic approaches have revealed multiple cognitive/emotional alterations shared by several neuropsychiatric conditions. While this has been shown for externally triggered neurocognitive processes, the disruption of interoception across neurological disorders remains poorly understood. This chapter aims to fill this gap while proposing cardiac interoception as a potential common biomarker across disorders. It focuses on key aspects of interoception, such as the mechanisms underlying different interoceptive dimensions; the relationship among interoception, emotion, and social cognition; and the roles of different interoceptive pathways. It considers behavioral and brain evidence in the context of an experimental and clinical agenda to evaluate the potential role of interoception as a predictor of clinical outcomes, a marker of neurocognitive deficits across diseases, and a general source of insights for breakthroughs in the treatment and prevention of multiple disorders. Finally, future directions to improve the dimensional and transdiagnostic assessment of interoception are outlined.

A Novel Measure of Real-Time Perseverative Thought

2021 ◽  
pp. 216770262110380
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Wade ◽  
Rivka T. Cohen ◽  
Paddy Loftus ◽  
Ayelet Meron Ruscio
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Repetitive Negative Thinking ◽  
Negative Thinking ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Temporal Process ◽  
Stimulus Valence ◽  
Ambiguous Stimuli ◽  
Perseverative Thinking ◽  
Positive Stimuli

Perseverative thinking (PT), or repetitive negative thinking, has historically been measured using global self-report scales. New methods of assessment are needed to advance understanding of this inherently temporal process. We developed an intensive longitudinal method for assessing PT. A mixed sample of 77 individuals ranging widely in trait PT, including persons with PT-related disorders (generalized anxiety disorder, major depression) and persons without psychopathology, used a joystick to provide continuous ratings of thought valence and intensity following exposure to scenarios of differing valence. Joystick responses were robustly predicted by trait PT, clinical status, and stimulus valence. Higher trait perseverators exhibited more extreme joystick values overall, greater stability in values following threatening and ambiguous stimuli, weaker stability in values following positive stimuli, and greater inertia in values following ambiguous stimuli. The joystick method is a promising measure with the potential to shed new light on the dynamics and precipitants of perseverative thinking.

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