Writing in Aphasia Rehabilitation: Cursive vs Manuscript

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Boone ◽  
Harold M. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Correct Response ◽  
The Other ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Writing Style ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Manual Responses ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Written Form ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Read Number

Reading and writing performance was observed in 30 adult aphasic patients to determine whether there was a significant difference when stimuli and manual responses were varied in the written form: cursive versus manuscript. Patients were asked to read aloud 10 words written cursively and 10 words written in manuscript form. They were then asked to write on dictation 10 word responses using cursive writing and 10 words using manuscript writing. Number of words correctly read, number of words correctly written, and number of letters correctly written in the proper sequence were tallied for both cursive and manuscript writing tasks for each patient. Results indicated no significant difference in correct response between cursive and manuscript writing style for these aphasic patients as a group; however, it was noted that individual patients varied widely in their success using one writing form over the other. It appeared that since neither writing form showed better facilitation of performance, the writing style used should be determined according to the individual patient’s own preference and best performance.

Role of Sex in Externally Motivated Self-Touching Gestures

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Heaven ◽  
Dan McBrayer ◽  
Bob Prince
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Type ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Discourse Type ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Order Of Presentation ◽  
Do So

Self-touching gestures can be externally induced by the verbal presentation of anxiety-inducing stimuli and the active discussion of a passage. The frequency of these self-touching gestures appears to be affected by the individual interacting with the topic, the type of discourse (listening or discussing), the type of stimulus (canaries or leeches), and the interaction between the types of discourse and stimulus. This study assessed these variables as well as the sex of the participant and the order of presentation of stimulus type, neither of which were statistically significant. Participants were read two passages, one about a topic (leeches) expected to produce anxiety and the other about a topic (canaries) not expected to do so, and asked to answer questions about the passages. The number of self-touches was counted by an observer in another room. Each participant had both types of discourse (listening and discussing) and both types of stimulus (canaries and leeches). There was no significant difference between the number of self-touches by participants with either the male or female reader. Discussion as a method of discourse was associated with a significantly greater number of self-touches than listening. The interaction between discourse type and stimulus type was also significant. The combination of the anxiety producing stimulus and the active discourse (discussion) produced the highest average number of self-touches.

Estimation of genetic parameters in beef cattle from records of performance

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (77) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Baharin ◽  
RG Beilharz
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Intra Class Correlation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Estimation Of Genetic Parameters ◽  
Calving Performance

An analysis of the growth and calving performance from a crossbreeding program involving four breeds of sires (Angus, Hereford, Friesian and Shorthorn) mated to three breeds of purebred dams (Angus, Hereford and Shorthorn) and three types of crossbred heifers (Angus x Hereford, Friesian x Angus and Friesian x Hereford) during the 1971 and 1972 calving seasons is presented. The performance of the individual breeds of dams and sires were evaluated from the size and growth rate of their progeny at birth, to weaning and post-weaning, as well as from the performance of the dams at calving measured in terms of incidence of difficult calving, percentage of calves dead at birth and twinning rate. Heritability estimates calculated from intra-class correlation of paternal half-sibs were compared from records obtained from purebred calves and from crossbred calves. Crossbred calves were heavier than the purebred calves at birth and grew faster between birth and weaning. After weaning, crossbred heifers grew significantly faster than the purebreds but no significant difference was observed among the steers. There was no significant difference in performance of crossbred calves produced by the purebred and crossbred dams. Calves from the Friesian sires and Friesian cross dams were heavier at birth than calves produced by the other three breeds of beef sires or the beef crossbred dams and they grew faster to weaning. Between weaning and yearling age both the crossbred steers and heifers from the Friesian sires continued to surpass the performance of the beef breeds of sires but there were no significant differences in the performance of three-breed-cross calves of the Friesian cross dams and the Angus x Hereford dams. Heritability estimates of growth rates calculated from data on the performance of the crossbred progeny generally were lower than those calculated from data of the purebred progeny. Higher estimates of heritability were obtained from the data of female progeny than from male progeny for birth weight but the trend was reversed for growth rates between birth to weaning and from weaning to yearling age.

scholarly journals Occupational structure of bearers of Jewish rabbinical, occupational and generic surnames

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Alexander Jonathan Vidgop ◽  
Nelly Norton ◽  
Nechama Rosenberg ◽  
Malka Haguel-Spitzberg ◽  
Itzhak Fouxon
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standard Classification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Study Choice

We study choice of profession in three groups of Russian-speaking Jewish families with different occupational distributions of the ancestors. This study continues exploration of the persistence of social status of families over centuries that was initiated in recent years. It was found previously that in some cases professions remain associated with the same surnames for many generations. Here the studied groups are defined by a class of the surname of individuals composing them. The class serves as a label that indicates a professional bias of the ancestors of the individual. One group are the bearers of the class of surnames which were used by rabbinical dynasties. The other group is constituted by occupational surnames, mostly connected to crafts. Finally, the last group are generic Jewish names defined as surnames belonging to neither of the above groups. We use the self-collected database that consists of 858 and 1057 of the first two groups, respectively, and 7471 generic Jewish surnames. The statistics of the database are those of individuals drawn at random from the considered groups. We determine shares of members of the groups working in a given type of occupations together with the confidence interval. The occupational type’s definition agrees with International Standard Classification of Occupations. It is demonstrated that there is a statistically significant difference in the occupational structure of the three groups that holds beyond the uncertainty allowed by 95% confidence interval. We quantify the difference with a numerical measure of the overlap of professional preferences of different groups. We conclude that in our study the occupational bias of different population groups is preserved at least for two centuries that passed since the considered surnames appeared.

scholarly journals Occupational structure of bearers of Jewish rabbinical, occupational and generic surnames

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Alexander Jonathan Vidgop ◽  
Nelly Norton ◽  
Nechama Rosenberg ◽  
Malka Haguel-Spitzberg ◽  
Itzhak Fouxon
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Social Status ◽  
The Other ◽  
Occupational Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standard Classification ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Study Choice

We study choice of profession in three groups of Russian-speaking Jewish families with different occupational distributions of the ancestors. This study continues exploration of the persistence of social status of families over centuries that was initiated in recent years. It was found previously that in some cases professions remain associated with the same surnames for many generations. Here the studied groups are defined by a class of the surname of individuals composing them. The class serves as a label that indicates a professional bias of the ancestors of the individual. One group are the bearers of the class of surnames which were used by rabbinical dynasties. The other group is constituted by occupational surnames, mostly connected to crafts. Finally, the last group are generic Jewish names defined as surnames belonging to neither of the above groups. We use the database that consists of 858 and 1057 of the first two groups, respectively, and 7471 generic Jewish surnames. The statistics of the database are those of individuals drawn at random from the considered groups. We determine shares of members of the groups working in a given type of occupations together with the confidence interval. The occupational type’s definition agrees with International Standard Classification of Occupations. It is demonstrated that there is a statistically significant difference in the occupational structure of the three groups that holds beyond the uncertainty allowed by 95% confidence interval. We quantify the difference with a numerical measure of the overlap of professional preferences of different groups. We conclude that in our study the occupational bias of different population groups is preserved at least for two centuries that passed since the considered surnames appeared.

scholarly journals Observations on the Presence of Pteroyl Polyglutamates in Human Serum

Blood ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. BANERJEE ◽  
J. B. CHATTERJEA
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Normal Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pteroic Acid ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Chicken Pancreas

Abstract Treatment of serum with folic acid conjugase obtained from fresh chicken pancreas indicated the presence therein of polyglutamyl derivatives of pteroic acid. The polyglutamyl derivatives appeared to belong to a group higher than the triglutamate. Two groups of subjects, one with normal level and the other with low level of unconjugated folate, were studied. In the normal group, the level of unconjugated serum folate varied between 3.2 and 18.0 ng./ml., while that of total folate (unconjugated plus conjugated) varied between 14.0 and 47.0 ng./ml. In the other group, the level of unconjugated folate varied from 2.0 to 2.6 ng./ ml., while that of total folate varied from 14.5 to 31.0 ng./ml. No significant difference, either in the individual values or in their means, was noticed in the two groups of subjects.

Eye Preference for Emotional Stimuli in Sichuan Snub-Nosed Monkeys

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-642
Author(s):  
Dapeng Zhao ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Baoguo Li
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Neutral Stimulus ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Emotional Stimuli ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eye Preference ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Preferred Stimulus

This study presents the first evidence of effects of applying both positive and negative stimuli simultaneously on visual laterality in Old World monkeys. Thirteen captive individuals of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (<i>Rhinopithecus roxellana</i>) were chosen as focal subjects in the monocular box task. In total, 4 emotional categories (the preferred, the novel, the neutral, and the fearful) of visual stimuli were applied, and eye preference was recorded when individuals looked at each stimulus through an observation hole in the box. We found evidence of visual laterality at the individual level, but not at the group level for each stimulus. For the preferred stimulus, 9 individuals showed significant right-eye preference while 4 individuals showed significant left-eye preference. For the other 3 stimuli, 7 individuals displayed significant right-eye preference while 6 individuals displayed significant left-eye preference. Totally, 11 of 13 individuals showed consistency in the visual laterality direction (7 right-eye preference and 4 left-eye preference) across the 4 stimuli. The remaining 2 individuals displayed right-eye preference for the preferred stimulus while they showed left-eye preference for the other 3 stimuli. There was no significant difference among various stimuli regarding the direction of visual laterality. However, there was a significant difference in the strength of visual laterality among various stimulus categories. The strength of visual laterality for the preferred stimulus was significantly lower than that for the other 3 stimuli. The strength of visual laterality for the fearful stimulus was significantly higher than that for the novel stimulus and the neutral stimulus. Furthermore, the looking duration for the preferred stimulus was significantly higher than that for the other 3 stimuli. The looking duration for the novel stimulus was significantly higher than that for the neutral stimulus and the fearful stimulus. The looking duration for the neutral stimulus was significantly higher than that for the fearful stimulus. Our findings indicate emotional valence of stimuli significantly influence eye looking duration and the strength of visual laterality but not for the direction of visual laterality in this species. Taken together, emotional valence of stimuli plays an important role in the eye use of <i>R. roxellana</i>.

The Effects of 3 Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter Insertion Techniques in Chinese Patients With Different Vascular Status

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Yuan ◽  
Rong Fu ◽  
Rong-Mei Li ◽  
Miao-Miao Guo ◽  
Xiang-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter ◽  
Central Catheter ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Insertion Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Insertion Techniques ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Vascular Status

Abstract Objective: To provide evidence for selecting an appropriate peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) insertion technique by comparing the insertion success rate and the incidence of complications with 3 PICC insertion techniques. Methods: We assigned enrolled patients to 3 groups according to the insertion technique selected by the individual patient: Group A, usual insertion technique (traditional, blind insertion); Group B, Modified Seldinger Technique (MST) insertion without ultrasound guidance; and group C, ultrasound-guided MST insertion. We compared the insertion success rate and the incidence of complications among these groups. Results: When comparing these 3 PICC insertion techniques, no significant difference was seen with respect to the insertion success rate and the incidence of catheter malposition (P &gt; 0.05), although a significant difference existed in the incidence of bleeding at the insertion site after the PICC procedure (P &lt; 0.05), with the ultrasound-guided MST insertion technique superior to the other 2 techniques; the incidence of mechanical phlebitis and catheter occlusion during the use of PICC had no significant difference among the 3 groups (P &gt; 0.05); but a significant difference was seen in the incidence of thrombosis and catheter-related infections (P &lt; 0.05), with a lower incidence in the ultrasound-guided MST insertion group than that in the other 2 groups. Conclusions: Ultrasound-guided MST insertion technique may address the problems occurring in patients with poor vascular access during the PICC procedure, whereas the usual insertion technique is the best choice for patients with good vascular access and poor economic status. Therefore, the selection of an appropriate insertion technique should be based on the economic and vascular status of the individual patient in clinical practice.

Presentation by Order of Difficulty of Test Tasks to Persons with Aphasia

1978 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L. Dumond ◽  
James C. Hardy ◽  
Ann A. Van Demark
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Individual Subject ◽  
Test Form ◽  
Communicative Ability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Individual

To determine the effects of arranging test tasks by order of difficulty, two test forms were administered to each of 20 patients with aphasia. The two test forms were split halves of the Porch Index of Communicative Ability. One of the test forms, Form EH, was presented to each patient with the subtests arranged for the individual subject in an order from easy to hard. The other test form, Form HE, was administered to each subject in the hard-to-easy order. There was no significant difference between the performance of the subjects on the Form EH and their performance on Form HE.

The Effect of a Four-Week Interval on the Consistency of Stuttering

1974 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabina P. Stefankiewicz ◽  
Oliver Bloodstein
Keyword(s):  
Equal Length ◽  
The Other ◽  
Read Aloud ◽  
Repeated Readings ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Consistency Effect ◽  
The Mean

Our primary purpose was to test the hypothesis that the consistency normally found in the loci of stutterings in repeated readings of a passage declines if a four-week interval is interposed between readings. Nineteen stutterers read aloud two passages of equal length and difficulty. One passage was read twice in succession. The other was read twice with a four-week interval between readings. Consistency was defined as the percentage of stuttered words in the second reading that had also been stuttered in the first. We found a significant difference in consistency between the two conditions. The mean consistency was 62.6% in successive readings and 49.3% with the time interval interposed. Alternative explanations of this decrease are possible. The findings also extend a previous observation that significant consistency remains after a two-week interval and tend to confirm the view that learned responses to stimuli play a major role in the consistency effect.

scholarly journals Teaching English Vocabulary using Song

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Satri Adnyani ◽  
A.A.I. Bulan Fitria Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Teaching Strategies ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Language Skill ◽  
Teaching Tool ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Written Form

<p>Vocabulary is one of the English elements besides grammar, spelling, and pronunciation supporting English language skill such as listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Vocabulary is the first element that should be master before the learners going to other element. When the learners have mastered vocabulary, they will be able to produce many sentences in spoken and written form easily. On the other hand, when they lack of vocabulary, they will find difficulty in deliver their thought, even their opinion to other people. One of the teaching strategies to enhance students’ vocabulary is using English Song. This paper aims at describing the use of English song in teaching English vocabulary for students. The method of this research was a qualitative research combination of seven several journals from abroad and within the country about teaching vocabulary with song. Although there are many reasons why songs can be considered a valuable teaching tool, there are some issues to consider.</p>

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