Comparison of Efficacy of Reverse Remodeling and Clinical Improvement for Relatively Narrow and Wide QRS Complexes After Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy for Heart Failure

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background the treatment of heart failure has undergone major therapeutic advances in recent decades, among them, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), a strategy capable of reducing symptoms, hospitalization and mortality. It is known that up to 30% of patients undergoing CRT do not have a satisfactory response, based on current selection criteria. Purpose Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy by Gated-SPECT technique (Gated-SPECT) can provide important information such as mechanical timing, region of last mechanical activation and fibrosis which are very useful in the best selection of who would really benefit from this device. Objective to evaluate the presence of improvement in the mechanical synchronism of the left ventricle (LV) in patients with CRT, using the Synctool software used in the Gated-SPECT, as well as to correlate the data obtained with clinical improvement, defined by reduction of at least 1 New York Heart Association class and reduction of at least 5 points in the Minessota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ), and also correlate to other epidemiological, clinical, electrocardiographic and perfusional variables. Methods 31 patients (p) with CRT underwent Gated-SPECT at 2 different times: CRT on and off. A quality of life questionnaire was also applied and clinical data before and after implantation of the device were collected. Results improved synchronism with reduced histogram bandwidth (BWH) (215.6 ± 74.7 ° vs. 149.9 ± 67.9 °; p <0.001) and phase standard deviation (SD) (65, 3 ± 21.7 ° vs. 53.1 ± 22.7 °; p <0.001), after CRT is turned on. Patients who presented synchrony improvement had a higher frequency of clinical improvement (p = 0.026) and obtained lower values of LV end diastolic volume (204.4 ± 100.4 ml vs. 304.3 ± 77.2 ml; p = 0.028) and LV end-systolic volume (120.2 ± 88.8 ml vs. 197.5 ± 51.6 ml; p = 0.026). When clinical improvement was examined, 23 (74.1%) p were considered as responders and 8 (25.9%) as non-responders. Responders showed a significant increase in the LV ejection fraction (38.4 ± 14.1 vs. 47.9 ± 15.3; p <0.001). Non-responders had a higher mean of myocardial involvement by fibrosis (12.9 ± 5.5% vs. 5.7 ± 8.4%; p = 0.033) and higher frequency of fibrosis in the lateral and inferolateral walls (50% vs. 8.7%; p = 0.026), presented an even lower percentage of localization of the region of last mechanical activation (LMA) in the lateral and inferolateral walls (12.5% vs 56.5%; p = 0.045), thus assuming a discordant position between fibrosis and the CRT pacing electrode in the LV. Conclusion Synctoll software are very useful to predict the evaluation of patients with CRT wich was able to improve the mechanical timing of the LV. Improvement in mechanical synchrony is associated with clinical improvement and marked reverse remodeling. Presence of fibrosis and region of last mechanical activation in the lateral and inferolateral walls are predictive factors of response to CRT.

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Comparison of left ventricular reverse remodeling induced by cardiac contractility modulation and cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure patients with different QRS durations

International Journal of Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.01.066 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 167 (3) ◽

pp. 889-893 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Qing Zhang ◽

Yat-Sun Chan ◽

Yu-Jia Liang ◽

Fang Fang ◽

Yat-Yin Lam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ◽

Cardiac Contractility ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization ◽

Reverse Remodeling ◽

Resynchronization Therapy ◽

Cardiac Contractility Modulation ◽

Heart Failure Patients ◽

Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling

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Analysis of Risk Factors for Acute Heart Failure in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Persistent Severe Functional Mitral Regurgitation Despite Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

Ukrainian journal of cardiovascular surgery ◽

10.30702/ujcvs/20.4112/051035-039/9.73 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

R. V. Buriak ◽

K. V. Rudenko ◽

O. A. Krykunov

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Failure ◽

Mitral Regurgitation ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ◽

Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization ◽

Functional Mitral Regurgitation ◽

Reverse Remodeling ◽

Resynchronization Therapy

Congestive heart failure resulting from non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with secondary functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) is associated with poor prognosis. Medical treatment results in a 1-year survival of 52% to 87% and a 5-year survival of 22% to 54%, with highest survivals observed in more recent years, probably reflecting improvements in medical therapy. Non-surgical interventions involve cardiac resynchronization therapy. In addition to medical treatment, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) should be considered in patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II– IV HF, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) =35%, normal sinus rhythm and left bundle branch block with QRS >150 ms. In these patients, CRT can also facilitate left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling and reduce associated FMR. The aim of this study was to investigate the features of symptomatology and to analyze the risk factors for acute heart failure (AHF) in patients with DCM and persistent severe functional mitral regurgitation despite CRT and optimal guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). Materials and methods. After providing informed consent, 144 patients with severe FMR were involved in the study. Concomitant tricuspid valve regurgitation was registered in 142 (98.6%) cases. The median LVEF was 27.0 (23.0-31.6)%. 40 (27.8%) patients had a permanent form of atrial fibrillation, and 24 (16.7%) patients had a first-degree atrioventricular node block. The median NT-proBNP was 2600 (2133-3200) pg/ml, indicating the presence of severe chronic heart failure. Results. The median term after CRT device implantation was 36 (3.5-60) months. A comparative analysis between DCM patients with and without CRT revealed statistically significant differences between clinical characteristics, namely: age (p=0.020), lower heart rate (p=0.004), lower hemoglobin (p=0.017), higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (p=0.000) and more frequent AHF at the hospital stage (p=0.030). The incidence of AHF at the hospital stage was 13.8% in patients with CRT and 3.5% in those without CRT. The calculated odds ratio of AHF was 4.44 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.039-18.971), and the relative risk of AHF was 3.966 (95% CI 1.054-14.915). Discussion. FMR has been reported to persist in about 20% to 25% of CRT patients and, in an additional 10% to 15%, it may actually worsen after CRT. In this subset of CRT non-responders, reduced reverse remodeling, increased morbidity, and increased mortality have been reported compared with CRT patients in whom FMR was significantly reduced or abolished. Conclusions. The results of our study demonstrate that severe functional mitral regurgitation despite cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy is a significant risk factor for AHF and subsequent hospitalizations for heart failure.

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Heart Failure Duration Combined with Left Atrial Dimension Predicts Super-Response and Long-Term Prognosis in Patients with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Implantation

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/2983752 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Zhinian Guo ◽

Xiaoyan Liu ◽

Chuan Liu ◽

Jie Yang ◽

Xiaofeng Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy ◽

Left Atrial ◽

Cardiac Resynchronization ◽

Reverse Remodeling ◽

Resynchronization Therapy ◽

End Point ◽

Long Term Prognosis ◽

Robust Prediction

Background. Response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) varies significantly among patients. This study aimed to identify baseline characteristics that could predict super-response to CRT and to evaluate the long-term prognosis in super-responders. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed the data of 73 consecutive patients who received CRT. Patients were considered as super-responders after 6-month follow-up when NYHA class reduction to I or II combined with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50% was observed. Patients were divided into super-responders group and non-super-responders group. All-cause mortality or hospitalization for heart failure (HF) was referred to the combined end point. Results. 17 (23.3%) patients were super-responders. HF duration, left atrial dimension (LAD), and left bundle branch block (LBBB) were independent predictors of super-response to CRT. The combination of HF duration and LAD could provide more robust prediction of super-response than standalone HF duration (0.899 versus 0.789, Z = 2.207, P = 0.027) or standalone LAD (0.899 versus 0.775, Z = 2.487, P = 0.013). super-responders had excellent LV reverse remodeling. The cumulative incidences of combined end point were significantly lower in the super-responders group, LAD ≤ 42mm group, and combination of HF duration ≤ 48 months and LAD ≤ 42mm group. LBBB remained associated with a lowered risk of the combined end point (HR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.07-0.57, P = 0.003), whereas LAD was associated with a raised risk of the combined end point (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.17, P = 0.014). Conclusions. HF duration, LAD, and LBBB independently predicted super-response. The combination of HF duration and LAD makes more robust prediction of CRT super-response. Super-responders had excellent LV reverse remodeling and decreased the incidences of the combined end point. LBBB and LAD were independently associated with the combined end point.

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