scholarly journals Multi-particle collisions in microgravity: Coefficient of restitution and sticking threshold for systems of mm-sized particles

2019 ◽  
Vol 631 ◽  
pp. A35
Author(s):  
J. Brisset ◽  
T. Miletich ◽  
J. Metzger ◽  
A. Rascon ◽  
A. Dove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle System ◽  
Current Model ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Coefficient Of Restitution ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Planetary Rings ◽  
Particle Rotation ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Collision Models

Context. The current model of planet formation lacks a good understanding of the growth of dust particles inside the protoplanetary disk beyond mm sizes. A similar collisional regime exists in dense planetary rings. In order to investigate the low-velocity collisions between this type of particles, the NanoRocks experiment was flown on the International Space Station (ISS) between September 2014 and March 2016. We present the results of this experiment. Aims. The objectives of our data analysis are the quantification of the damping of energy in systems of multiple particles in the 0.1–1 mm size range while they are in the bouncing regime, and the study of the formation of clusters through sticking collisions between particles. Methods. We developed statistical methods for the analysis of the large quantity of collision data collected by the experiment. We measured the average motion of particles, the moment of clustering, and the cluster size formed. In addition, we ran simple numerical simulations in order to validate our measurements. Results. We computed the average coefficient of restitution (COR) of collisions and find values ranging from 0.55 for systems including a population of fine grains to 0.94 for systems of denser particles. We also measured the sticking threshold velocities and find values around 1 cm s−1, consistent with the current dust collision models based on independently collected experimental data. Conclusions. Our findings have the following implications that can be useful for the simulation of particles in PPDs and planetary rings: (1) The average COR of collisions between same-sized free-floating particles at low speeds (<2 cm s−1) is not dependent on the collision velocity; (2) The simplified approach of using a constant COR value will accurately reproduce the average behavior of a particle system during collisional cooling; (3) At speeds below 5 mm s−1, the influence of particle rotation becomes apparent on the collision behavior; (4) Current dust collision models predicting sticking thresholds are robust.

Antiprobcotron magnetic trap for charged dust particles in space experiments

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Lev G. D’YACHKOV ◽  
Mikhail M. VASILYEV ◽  
Oleg F. PETROV ◽  
Sergey F. SAVIN ◽  
Igor V. CHURILO
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Trap ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Coulomb Systems ◽  
Inhomogeneous Magnetic Field ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Charged Dust ◽  
Magnetic Traps ◽  
Space Experiments ◽  
Microgravity Conditions ◽  
New Space

We discuss the possibility of using static magnetic traps as an alternative to electrostatic traps for forming and confining structures of charged dust particles in a gas discharge plasma in the context of our study of strongly interacting Coulomb systems. Some advantages of confining structures in magnetic traps over electrostatic ones are shown. Also we provide a review of the related researches carried out first in laboratory conditions, and then under microgravity conditions including the motivation of performing the experiments aboard the International Space Station (ISS). The preparations of a new space experiment «Coulomb-magnet» as well as the differences of a new equipment from previously used are described. We proposed the main tasks of the new experiment as a study of the dynamics and structure of active monodisperse and polydisperse macroparticles in an inhomogeneous magnetic field under microgravity conditions, including phase transitions and the evolution of such systems in the kinetic heating of dust particles by laser radiation. Key words: Coulomb structures, magnetic trap, antiprobotron, diamagnetic particles, dust particles, microgravity.

Measuring contamination levels in external induced atmosphere of Russian orbital stations and the Russian Segment of the International Space Station

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Vladimir K. DUSHIN ◽  
Andrey N. KRYLOV ◽  
Aleksandr Yu. SKOROVAROV
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosols ◽  
Quartz Crystal ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
International Space ◽  
Contamination Levels ◽  
Space Dust ◽  
State Of The Environment

In view of the increasing number of science experiments being carried out in the Russian Segment of the International Space Station, there is a growing interest in the state of the environment where they are conducted, especially, in the contaminating effects of the external induced atmosphere. Sources of the induced atmosphere contamination are the off-gassing of non-metallic materials of the outer coatings, firings of control system thrusters and exhausts of various venting systems, as well as dust particles remaining on the external surfaces after launch from Earth, atmospheric aerosols and space dust. The paper presents results of measurements of molecular depositions on the sensors of quartz crystal microbalances that were used for evaluating contamination in the induced atmosphere of the first Soviet orbital stations Salyut-7 and Mir, as well as modules Pirs and Poisk of the Russian Segment of the International Space Station. The results of the experiments show a significant effect of lighting and thermal conditions of the contamination source and the quartz microbalance sensor on the measurement results. Key words: contamination, quartz crystal microbalance, orbital, external induced atmosphere.

scholarly journals Study of Cosmic Dust Particles on Board LDEF and MIR Space Station

1991 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
J.C. Mandeville
Keyword(s):  
Size Distribution ◽  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Cosmic Dust ◽  
Orbital Debris ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Chemical Identification ◽  
Near Earth Space ◽  
Solid Objects ◽  
Long Duration

AbstractInterplanetary and near-earth space contains solid objects whose size distribution continuously covers the interval from submicron sized particles to km sized asteroids or comets. Two French experiments partly devoted to the detection of cosmic dust have been flown recently in space. One on the NASA Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF), and one on the Soviet MIR Space Station. A variety of sensors and collecting devices will make possible the study of cosmic particles after recovery of exposed material. Flux mass distribution is expected to be derived from craters counts, with a good accuracy. Remnants of particles, suitable for chemical identification are expected to be found within stacked foil detectors. Discrimination between extraterrestrial particles and man-made orbital debris will be possible.

scholarly journals Microbiomes of the dust particles collected from the International Space Station and Spacecraft Assembly Facilities

Microbiome ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Checinska ◽  
Alexander J. Probst ◽  
Parag Vaishampayan ◽  
James R. White ◽  
Deepika Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
International Space ◽  
Spacecraft Assembly

scholarly journals A Comparison of Contact Charging and Impact Ionization in Low Velocity Impacts: Implications for Dust Detection in Space

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarjei Antonsen ◽  
Ingrid Mann ◽  
Jakub Vaverka ◽  
Libor Nouzak ◽  
Åshild Fredriksen
Keyword(s):  
Impact Ionization ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Charge Generation ◽  
Earth’S Atmosphere ◽  
Contact Charging ◽  
Metal Metal ◽  
Dust Detection ◽  
Earth's Atmosphere

Abstract. We investigate the generation of charge during collision of projectiles with sizes below ~ 1 μm and metal surfaces at speeds ~ 0.1 km/s. This corresponds to speeds above the elastic limit and well below speeds where volume ionization can occur. The conditions that we consider apply to dust particles naturally occurring in space and in Earth's upper atmosphere and their direct impacts on rockets, spacecraft, and impacts of secondary ejecta. We introduce a model of capacitive contact charging in which we allow for projectile fragmentation upon impact, and show that this model describes measurements of metal-metal impacts in the laboratory and in-situ measurements of dust in the Earth's atmosphere well. We have considered the utilization of our model for different scenarios in interplanetary space and in Earth's atmosphere. From this discussion we find it likely that our work can be employed in a number of situations where impact velocities are relatively small. Furthermore, we have discussed the thermodynamics of the low velocity solution of shock wave ionization, and conclude that the impurity charging effect utilized in the much used model of Drapatz and Michel (1974) does not sufficiently describe charge generation at impact speeds below a few kilometers per second. Consequently, impact charging at low speeds cannot be described with a Saha-solution.

scholarly journals The influence of surface charge on the coalescence of ice and dust particles in the mesosphere

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Baptiste ◽  
Connor Williamson ◽  
John Fox ◽  
Anthony J. Stace ◽  
Muhammad Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Coefficient Of Restitution ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Energy Collision ◽  
Opposite Charge ◽  
Relative Kinetic ◽  
Small Separation

Abstract. Agglomeration of charged ice and dust particles in the mesosphere is studied using a classical electrostatic approach, which is extended to capture the induced polarisation of surface charge. Collision outcomes are predicted whilst varying particle size, charge, dielectric constant, relative kinetic energy, collision geometry and the coefficient of restitution. In addition to attractive Coulomb forces acting on particles of opposite charge, instances of strong attraction between particles of the same sign of charge are predicted, which take place at small separation distances and also lead to the formation of stable aggregates. These attractive forces are governed by the polarisation of surface charge.

Coefficient of Restitution for Low Velocity Transverse Impact of Thin Graphite-Epoxy Laminates

1984 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
WW Feng ◽  
KL Reifsnider ◽  
GP Sendeckyj ◽  
TT Chiao ◽  
GL Rodericks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Restitution ◽  
Transverse Impact ◽  
Low Velocity
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