scholarly journals The use of mathematical modelling to analyse the process of mixing waters from different sources in water supply system

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00025
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Szuster – Janiaczyk ◽  
Rafał Brodziak ◽  
Jędrzej Bylka

One of the processes that significantly determines the quality of water to consumers is the process of mixing water from different sources in the water mains. Put to the network two or more chemically and biologically stable waters may result in the formation of water that will be deprived of these features. This article presents the german guidelines for analysing water quality for mixing waters from different sources, in various proportions. Then performed an analysis of utility the mathematical models,including quality criteria, for use in network control. An IT tool has been developed to manage selected water quality processes using mathematical modeling. The basis for implementing the tool was a network model created in Epanet integrated with the Matlab.

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-312
Author(s):  
A. Szuster-Janiaczyk ◽  
J. Bylka

Abstract The paper presents a detailed analysis of the quality of water pumped into a network and sampled from 39 monitoring points located on the network. A difference in the quality of water sampled from two different sources was demonstrated, as well as the impact of the mixing of the two waters in the water distribution system (WDS) on tap water quality. A mathematical model was used to identify the zones of water mixing and the areas of unfavourable hydraulic conditions (low flow rates and long retention times).


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadou Toure ◽  
Duan Wenbiao ◽  
Zakaria Keita

Abstract An assessment of consumer quality perception, as well as some physical and chemical characteristics of water samples sourced from wells, boreholes, and rivers in the locality of Pelengana commune, in Mali, was carried out. The World Health Organization (WHO) Guideline (or other) Values (GVs) for drinking water quality was used as a benchmark. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) alongside Duncan's multiple comparison tests for significant differences, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used in analyzing differences and correlations regarding the parameters investigated. Results revealed that the majority of the households (61.2%) regarded wells and river water as unsafe for drinking. The physical and chemical quality of water was affected by climatic season. Also, with the exception of iron (average values), the parameters studied met the WHO GVs. Based on the analyzed parameters, the quality of these different water sources is chemically acceptable.


2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
Layla Ben Ayed ◽  
Khaoula Belhassen ◽  
Sonia Sabbahi ◽  
Panagiotis Karanis ◽  
Issam Nouiri

Abstract Limited access to safe water enhances poverty, hunger and diseases. This study evaluated the drinking water quality stored in home-based systems, located in rural areas of Tunisia. Water management was also documented as an improvement of good practice as most of the water contamination could be related to behavioral patterns. Thirty-nine water samples from five different sources (rainwater, truck cistern, mix, etc.) were screened for enteric parasitic contamination with the modified Bailenger technique. This technique allowed the detection of three protozoa: Giardia spp.; Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii; Entamoeba coli and one helminth specie: Ascaris spp. The overall prevalence of these intestinal parasites was approximately 97% with a relatively high frequency of protozoa over helminths and more specifically E. histolytica/dispar/moshkovskii. This incidence could be correlated to the lack of hygiene practices, sanitation and education. This situation requires the need for frequent monitoring of the water quality and management in these areas.


Author(s):  
Santhosh K. M ◽  
S. Prashanth

Urban development, agricultural runoff and industrialization have contributed pollution loading on the environment.  In this study Hemavathi river water from a stretch from its origin point to its sangama was studied for pollution load by determining parameters of water quality like pH, Alkalinity,  Ca, Mg, Nitrate, TDS, BOD, COD , and the results were compared with WHO and BIS standards to draw final conclusion on the quality of water.


1991 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Goda

The management and status of public water bodies in Japan is discussed. The environmental quality standards which have been set and the levels of compliance with these standards are shown. The water quality of Japanese rivers, lakes, reservoirs, wetlands and coastal waters is described, and eutrophication problems are mentioned. The effects of changes in population density and levels of recycling of industrial wastewaters on the quality of water bodies are discussed. Almost 75% of industrial wastewater is now recycled. Per capita availability of freshwater in Japan is comparatively low, and the construction of 530 dams, in addition to the 2393 dams already in operation, is planned. Irrigation effluents from paddy fields are a major factor which influences river water quality in Japan. The improvement of water quality using various methods is discussed.


2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Scaramelli

This paper takes water quality as an ethnographic subject. It looks at how water quality monitors in Boston make sense of the quality of water through mundane engagement with three non-human beings who they encounter during their monitoring activities: herring, bacteria and water lily. Each of these organisms suggests a different understanding of water quality for the monitors and poses a dilemma. Water quality monitors who contribute to the production of water quality data come to know water quality as through direct interactions with these beings, mediated by both sensorial experience and laboratory data. These experiences, at the same time, confuse and redraw relationships between science, water flows, non-human vitality, including that of invasive species, and people.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3841
Author(s):  
Józef Ober ◽  
Janusz Karwot

Security of supply of water, which meets the quality parameters specified in applicable standards, is now the basis for the functioning of most societies. In addition to climatic, biological, chemical, and physical hazards, it is worth paying attention to consumers’ subjective perception of the quality of tap water supplied in the area of Poland. The article discusses various activities related to water resources management and analyses the results of an evaluation of selected quality parameters of tap water in Poland. A novelty on a European scale here is an examination of the evaluation of these parameters based on potential seasonal differences (spring, summer, autumn, winter). For the first time in the world literature, PROFIT analysis was used to evaluate selected parameters of tap water quality. The aim of the article was to present a model for the evaluation of the parameters of tap water supplied in different seasons of the year in Poland. Due to the complexity of the research aspects, a mixed-methods research procedure was used in which a literature review was combined with a survey and statistical analysis. For the purpose of the survey, an original survey questionnaire called “Survey of customer opinions on selected parameters of tap water supplied in Poland” was developed especially for this study. The conducted research confirmed the adopted hypothesis that the results of evaluation of selected tap water parameters vary depending on the period (spring, summer, autumn, winter) in Poland. The model developed by means of PROFIT analysis makes it possible to highlight to water suppliers the specific quality parameters in particular seasons of the year (spring, summer, autumn, winter), which may improve the quality of water supplied in Poland and thus, in the long-term perspective, increase the level of satisfaction of water recipients and confidence in drinking tap water in Poland.


2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-W. Liao ◽  
J.-Y. Sheu ◽  
J.-J. Chen ◽  
C.-G. Lee

Factor analysis was conducted to explain the characteristics and variation in the quality of water during the disassembly of oyster frames and fishery boxes. The result shows that the most important latent factors in the Tapeng Lagoon are the ocean factor, the primary productivity factor, and the fishery pollution factor. Canonical discriminant analysis is applied to identify the source of pollution in neighbouring rivers outside the Tapeng Lagoon. The two constructed discriminant functions (CDFs) showed a marked contribution to all the discriminant variables, and that total nitrogen, algae, dissolved oxygen, and total phosphate combined in the nutrient effect factor. The recognition capacities in these two CDFs were 95.6% and 4.4%, respectively. The water quality in the Kaoping river most strongly affected the water quality in the Tapeng Lagoon. Disassembling the oyster frames and fishery boxes improved the water quality markedly. However, environmental topographic conditions indicate that strengthening stream pollution prevention and constructing another entrance to the ocean are the best approaches for improving the quality of water in the Tapeng Lagoon by reducing eutrophication. These approaches and results yield useful information concerning habitat recovery and water resource management.


2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Kern

Directive 2013/39/EU amending Directives 2000/60/EC and 2008/105/EC as regards priority substances in the field of water policy was adopted on 12 August 2013. It revises crucial rules on determining the chemical quality of surface water in Europe (e.g. identification of new harmful substances, updating of environmental quality standards, introduction of a new “watch list” mechanism) and establishes new standards for the protection of water in Europe. This paper explores the legal and factual background to the new legislation on protecting water quality in Europe and takes a critical look at its most important provisions.


2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Tereza Ribeiro Alves ◽  
Fabrício Barreto Teresa ◽  
João Carlos Nabout

AIM: Water quality has been the subject of many recent studies, moreover, the physical, chemical and biological parameters of water are used to investigate water quality and can be combined into a single index, the Water Quality Index (WQI), for use by water resource managers and the general public. The aim of this study was to use scientometrics to evaluate how water quality has been addressed in the international scientific literature. METHOD: For the quantitative analysis of the publications on WQI, we used the search database SCOPUS (http://www.scopus.com). The search was performed using the words "QUALIT* WATER* INDEX*" in papers published in all databases (through 2011). RESULTS: We found 554 articles that dealt with the use of WQI the number of publications has increased significantly over the last 20 years. India had the most studies, with 177 articles, followed by China, Brazil and the United States. These four countries together published 57% of studies on WQI. We generated 15 linear models to explain the number of publication by study sit (country). According to the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), the best model to explain the number of publications by country was the model that combined Sanitation and Public Supply. CONCLUSION: Finally, this paper presents the state of scientific literature on WQI and demonstrates the growing interest of the scientific community in this issue, which is certainly due to the importance of the quantity and quality of water for human supply, economics, health and the conservation of water resources.


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