Thoughts on Standing Stallions for Natural Service

A significant relationship between the oestrogen receptor gene (ESR) and litter size has been detected in USA populations of Large White and a synthetic comprising 50% Meishan (Rothschild et al., 1995). Animals carrying two copies of the favourable allele (B) had an extra pig born per litter than those that did not have the allele. This paper reports on results observed in a UK 50% Meishan synthetic and four UK Large White lines.Litter size data from 50% Meishan synthetic (L93) full-sib females where more than one ESR genotype was segregating. Data were analysed using a mixed model with full relationships and including the fixed effects of season of farrowing, parity, ESR genotype (AA, AB or BB) and service type (AI or natural service). Heritiability and permanent environmental effects for litter size were assumed as 0.09 and 0.11, repectively. A total of 27 full-sib families were represented and included 62 sows and 139 litter records. Hypothesis testing used the option in PEST under a mixed model (Groeneveld et al., 1991).

Download Full-text

Intravaginal SC-9880-progesterone treatments in the synchronization of oestrus in cyclic sheep

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600069288 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 361-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

I. Gordon ◽

P. G. Maher

Keyword(s):

Breeding Season ◽

Additional Dose ◽

Mating Response ◽

Natural Service

SUMMARYThe mating response and lambing outcome in fifty-three sheep was studied after treatment with intravaginal sponges during October (normal breeding season). Bach pessary carried a dose of 30 mg ‘Cronolone’ (9α-fluoro-11β-hydroxy-17α-acetoxyprogesterone; SC-9880, G. D. Searle) in finely dispersed form and was inserted for 14 days. Half the number of pessaries carried an additional dose of 400 mg progesterone. Breeding was by natural service, using 10% rams. Ninety per cent of the fifty ewes bred immediately after treatment conceived; the average number of lambs/conception was 1·9. Sheep treated with ‘Cronolone’/progesterone pessaries showed a marginal and non-significant advantage over those treated with ‘Cronolone’. The application was effective in ensuring the birth of most lambs (87% of total) within a period of 1 week.

Download Full-text

COMPARISON OF LONG-TERM PROGESTERONE-BASED PROTOCOL ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF PREPUBERTAL AND PUBERTAL BEEF HEIFERS.

Archives of Veterinary Science ◽

10.5380/avs.v19i1.32805 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emanoel Faleiros Silveira ◽

Luiz Ernandes Kozicki ◽

Marcio Saporski Segui ◽

Romildo Romualdo Weiss ◽

Ivo Walter Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ultrasound Examination ◽

Prostaglandin F2α ◽

Estradiol Benzoate ◽

Pregnancy Rates ◽

Estrus Synchronization ◽

Device Removal ◽

Timed Artificial Insemination ◽

Red Angus ◽

Natural Service

The aim of this study was to investigate estrus synchronization in prepubertal and pubertal heifers (crossbred ½ Nelore x Red Angus - commercial herd) submitted to a long-term progesterone-based protocol for timed artificial insemination (TAI), as well as overall pregnancy rates. Four hundred forty-seven heifers underwent ultrasound examination of the ovaries and were assigned to one of 3 groups: (1) prepubertal heifers (PPNS; n = 114) with ovarian follicles <8 mm in diameter and no corpus luteum (CL) that were submitted to natural service (NS) by bulls for 10 days; (2) prepubertal heifers (PPTAI; n = 124) with follicles <8 mm in diameter and no CL that underwent estrus synchronization with injection of 4.0 mg estradiol benzoate (EB) and insertion of a controlled-release intravaginal progesterone (P4) device containing 0.558 g P4 on d 0, followed by P4 device removal and injection of 150 mg prostaglandin F2α and 0.6 mg estradiol cypionate (ECP) on d 8, and TAI on d 10; and (3) pubertal heifers (PTAI; n = 209) with follicles >8 mm in diameter and/or a CL that underwent the same protocol as PPTAI heifers. Overall pregnancy rate was determined by transrectal ultrasonography on d 45 after NS or TAI. Data were analyzed using the FREQ procedure of SAS (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC). Pregnancy rates were as follows: 20.1% in PPNS, 37.0% in PPTAI, and 48.5% in PTAI (P < 0.05). In conclusion, TAI after estrus synchronization with a hormonal protocol using EB and ECP in prepubertal and pubertal heifers resulted in higher pregnancy rates than prepubertal heifers exposed to natural service, and exposure of prepubertal heifers to a long-term progesterone-based protocol effectively synchronized estrus.

Download Full-text

Responses of the Black Bengal goat (Capra hircus) to PMSG and surgical embryo recovery within MOET technique

Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.3329/bjvm.v4i2.1293 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 107-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MO Faruk ◽

FY Bari ◽

M Shamsuddin ◽

MGS Alam ◽

MF Islam

Keyword(s):

Dose Rate ◽

Research Work ◽

Capra Hircus ◽

Corpora Lutea ◽

Embryo Recovery ◽

The Mean ◽

One Year ◽

Natural Service ◽

Mean Time ◽

Black Bengal Goat

The aim of the present study was to determine the responses of Black Bengal Goat following synchronization with alfaprostol, superovulation with PMSG and embryo collection with surgical procedure. This research work was carried out at the Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) during the period from January to December 2001. Three Flushing schedules have been carried out in one-year time consisting of 5 donor and 4 recipients in Flush I, 2 donors and 4 recipients in Flush II, and 4 donors and 3 recipients in Flush III. The donors as well as the recipients were synchronized with GabbrostimÂ® (Alfaprostol, VETEM, Italy) at the dose rate of 2-mg equivalent to 1ml/goat. Among 11 donors only 6 donors responded following first injection, but all donor responded with second and third injection of GabbrostimÂ®. The mean time of onset of oestrus and duration of oestrus in donor were 29.9 Â± 9.20h, 50.0 Â± 5.94h, 47.8 Â± 4.05h and 20.9 Â±5.10h, 27.9 Â± 1.19h, 29.4 Â± 1.36h respectively. Among 11 recipient does, only 6 responded following first injection of Gabbrostim, while that of second injection was 9. The mean time of onset of oestrus and duration of oestrus were 28.6 Â± 9.69h, 40.1 Â± 8.95h and 17.1 Â± 5.05h, 22.5 Â± 3.45h respectively. All 9 recipients responded in third injection and the mean time of onset of oestrus and duration of oestrus were 39.9 Â± 5.06h and 27.4 Â± 1.32h respectively. In all flushing schedules, superovulation was performed using PMSG (FolligonÂ®, Intervet International B.V, Holland) at the dose rate of 900 IU, 800 IU and 700 IU respectively. Both natural service and AI was performed to fertilise the ovum after onset of oestrus. The superovulatory response was determined by counting the number of corpora lutea (CL) during collection of embryos. The percent of superovulatory donor goats were 100, 50 and 25% respectively. The mean number of ovulation was 13.6 Â±3.6, 10.5 Â± 8.5 and 3.5 Â± 3.2 respectively. The embryos were collected surgically by using 50 ml Phosphate buffer saline (PBS). The embryos were counted and graded under stereomicroscope. The embryo collection rates varied from 0-100%. The recovered embryos were of 100% fertile. The total number of embryos recovered was 4, 8 and 8 with the percent of recovery 6, 38 and 61.5% respectively. In Flush I among 4 recovered embryos, 3 were Grade 1 morula and the rest embryo was Grade 2 late morula. In Flush II among 8 recovered embryos, 7 were Grade 2 early morula and rest embryo was Grade 2 late morula. In Flush III among 8 recovered embryos, 5 were Grade 2 morula and rests 3 were Grade 2 late morula. Key words: Black Bengal goat, PMSG, embryo, MOET DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v4i2.1293 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2006). 4 (2): 107-115

Download Full-text

Field Trials in Fixed Time Sheep A.I. in Ireland

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600014550 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 1984 ◽

pp. 99-99

Author(s):

T F Crosby ◽

M P Boland ◽

I Gordon

Keyword(s):

Wave Motion ◽

Day Treatment ◽

Skim Milk ◽

Fixed Time ◽

Field Trials ◽

Single Intramuscular Injection ◽

Previously Treated ◽

Breeding Seasons ◽

Natural Service ◽

Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotrophin

Studies reported from this laboratory in the mid seventies showed that it was possible to achieve a conception rate of 73% to a single fixed-time insemination in the autumn breeding season in ewes previously treated with intravaginal progestagen and pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG). The present work was aimed principally at an examination of the AI technique in commercial flocks when applied over a period of three years (1979–81) and when applied in sheep of different breeds (Galways and Suffolk-cross).In the course of three successive breeding seasons, a total of 2,704 cyclic ewes in 87 farm flocks were bred to Texel or Suffolk rams by A.I. using a sperm dose of 400 million in 0.2 ml volume of a skim milk diluent; only semen samples showing a wave motion rating of 3.5 or higher were used and accepted samples were pooled. A further 525 ewes in 20 farm flocks were bred by natural service (ratio of 1 ram: 10 ewes) in one area covered by the AI work. Control of oestrus and ovulation was achieved by a 12-day treatment using commercially available progestagen sponges (Chronogest, Intervet. Ltd.; Veramix, Upjohn Ltd.); at sponge withdrawal a single intramuscular injection of 500 i.u. PMSG (Intervet. Ltd.) was administered.

Download Full-text

202 Repeatability of estrus detection patch readings and relationship with breeding success

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skz258.060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 30-31

Author(s):

Vitor R G Mercadante ◽

Robin R White ◽

Heather L Bradford ◽

Nicholas W Dias ◽

Claire Timlin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnancy Rate ◽

Breeding Season ◽

False Negative ◽

Fixed Time ◽

True Negative ◽

Full Dataset ◽

Activated State ◽

Estrus Detection ◽

Virginia Department ◽

Natural Service

Abstract The objective of this study was to assess how well estrus detection patch readings correlated to successful AI breedings and to characterize the within-cow repeatability of estrus detection patch readings across breeding seasons. Data from the Virginia Department of Corrections beef cattle herds were collated for 7 locations over 7 years, with 2 calving seasons per year. Data from Spring of 2011 were missing. The full dataset contained 19,253 individual animal observations, of which 2,389 observations were omitted for failure to report estrus detection patch data. The relationship between estrus patch reading and pregnancy rate to fixed-time AI and subsequent natural service pregnancy rate was assessed by calculating the sensitivity and specificity of patch readings within each location during each breeding season. A true positive was defined as a patch activating and a cow being confirmed pregnant. A true negative was a patch remaining in the non activated state and a cow being confirmed open. A false positive was defined as a patch activating and a cow being confirmed open. A false negative was a patch failing to activate and a cow being confirmed pregnant. Pregnancy rate to AI sensitivity ranged from 0.2 to 1 with a mean of 0.583. Specificity ranged from 0 to 1 with a mean of 0.525. Subsequent natural service pregnancy rate), ranges in sensitivity (0.197 to 1.00, mean 0.563) and specificity (0 to 1, mean 0.545) were similar. Of the 6,249 animals with usable patch data, 934 never presented with an activated patch and 2,064 presented with an activated patch every breeding season. The remaining 3,251 animals averaged presenting with an activated patch 47% of the time and a non-activated patch 46% of the time. Odds of getting pregnant by AI for cows that always flag with the heat patch were 0.415.

Download Full-text