Transfusion-transmitted hepatitis E virus infections: a risk for immunosuppressed patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (01) ◽  
pp. E2-E89
Author(s):  
D Westhölter ◽  
J Hartl ◽  
J Hiller ◽  
U Denzer ◽  
S Peine ◽  
...  
Kanzo ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 384-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshinori Abe ◽  
Tatsuya Aikawa ◽  
Yoshihiro Akahane ◽  
Masahiro Arai ◽  
Yasuhiro Asahina ◽  
...  

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. e88106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanbin Liang ◽  
Shuo Su ◽  
Shengchao Deng ◽  
Honglang Gu ◽  
Fangxiao Ji ◽  
...  

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5867
Author(s):  
Mara Klöhn ◽  
Jil Alexandra Schrader ◽  
Yannick Brüggemann ◽  
Daniel Todt ◽  
Eike Steinmann

Hepatitis E virus infections are the leading cause of viral hepatitis in humans, contributing to an estimated 3.3 million symptomatic cases and almost 44,000 deaths annually. Recently, HEV infections have been found to result in chronic liver infection and cirrhosis in severely immunocompromised patients, suggesting the possibility of HEV-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. While HEV-associated formation of HCC has rarely been reported, the expansion of HEV’s clinical spectrum and the increasing evidence of chronic HEV infections raise questions about the connection between HEV and HCC. The present review summarizes current clinical evidence of the relationship between HEV and HCC and discusses mechanisms of virus-induced HCC development with regard to HEV pathogenesis. We further elucidate why the development of HEV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma has so rarely been observed and provide an outlook on possible experimental set-ups to study the relationship between HEV and HCC formation.


2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Pischke ◽  
Jens Hiller ◽  
Marc Lütgehetmann ◽  
Susanne Polywka ◽  
Meike Rybczynski ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Stroffolini ◽  
Maria Rapicetta ◽  
Paola Chionne ◽  
Rozenn Esvan ◽  
Elisabetta Madonna ◽  
...  

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Olympia E. Anastasiou ◽  
Viktoria Thodou ◽  
Annemarie Berger ◽  
Heiner Wedemeyer ◽  
Sandra Ciesek

Introduction: Reliable and cost-effective diagnostics for hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection are necessary. The aim of our study was to investigate which diagnostic test is most accurate to detect HEV infection in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients in a real world setting. Patients and Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of 1165 patients tested for HEV antibodies and HEV PCR at the same time point. Clinical, laboratory and virological data were taken from patient charts. HEV IgA was measured in a subgroup of 185 patients. Results: HEV RNA was detectable in 61 patients (5.2%); most of them (n = 49, 80.3%/n = 43, 70.5%) were HEV IgM+ and IgG+; however, 12 patients (19.6%) were HEV RNA positive/HEV IgM negative and 17 patients (27.8%) were HEV RNA positive/HEV IgG negative. Ten HEV RNA positive patients (16.4%) had neither HEV IgG nor IgM antibodies. Importantly, all of them were immunosuppressed. HEV IgA testing was less sensitive than HEV IgM for HEV diagnosis. Conclusions: HEV infection can be overlooked in patients without HEV specific antibodies. Performing PCR is necessary to diagnose or exclude HEV infection in immunocompromised hosts. In immunocompetent patients, a screening based on HEV antibodies (IgG/IgM) is sufficient.


2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Lien Cattoir ◽  
Koen O.A. Vercauteren ◽  
Elizaveta Padalko ◽  
Hans De Beenhouwer ◽  
Kristien Van Vaerenbergh ◽  
...  

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aftab Ahmed ◽  
Ijlal Akbar Ali ◽  
Hira Ghazal ◽  
Javid Fazili ◽  
Salman Nusrat

Mysterious aspects of the long presumed to be well-known hepatitis E virus (HEV) have recently surfaced that distinguish it from other hepatotropic viruses. It is a cause of chronic hepatitis in immunosuppressed patients. It has human to human transmission through blood and mantains high seroprevalence in blood donors. HEV has also been found to occur more frequently in the West in those without a history of travel to endemic countries. It has varied extrahepatic manifestations and has multiple non-human reservoirs including pigs and rats. Considering these recent discoveries, it appears odd that HEV is not sought more frequently when working up acute and chronic hepatitis patients. The disease is particularly severe among pregnant women and has a high attack rate in young adults. What adds to its ambiguity is the absence of a well-established diagnostic criteria for its detection and that there is no specific antiviral drug for hepatitis E, except for isolated cases where ribavirin or pegylated interferon alpha has been used with occasional success. This review paper discusses the recent advances in the knowledge of the virus itself, its epidemiology, diagnostic approach and prevention, and the treatment options available.


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Jo Song ◽  
Woo-Jung Park ◽  
Byung-Joo Park ◽  
Joong-Bok Lee ◽  
Seung-Yong Park ◽  
...  

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