scholarly journals Residual Ridge Resorption– Revisited

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
pp. 076-080
Author(s):  
Ramandeep Kaur ◽  
Manjit Kumar ◽  
Neha Jindal ◽  
Isha Badalia

AbstractThe Residual Ridge Resorption (RRR) is a major unsolved oral disease with unidentifiable characteristics and unwanted squealae causing physical, psychologic, and economic problems for millions of people all over the world. RRR is basically a term used to describe a condition that affects the alveolar ridge after tooth extractions even after healing of the wounds. RRR is a chronic, progressive, irreversible, and disabling disease, probably of multifactorial origin. The possible etiological factors could be divided into four categories: anatomic, metabolic, functional, and prosthetic. The primary structural change in the reduction of residual ridges is the loss of bone or reduction in the size of bony ridge under mucoperiosteum. The reduction in the ridge mainly occurs labially, lingually and on the crest. The reduction of the residual ridge leads to a variety of stages of ridge form, including high well-rounded, knife-edge, low well-rounded, and depressed forms. Alveolar bone atrophy is cumulative and irreversible, since alveolar bone cannot regenerate. It differs from one individual to the other. It also varies at different times and different sites. Some authors feel RRR as a normal physiologic process and not a disease but the cost in economic and human terms makes RRR as a major oral disease that can be described in terms of its pathology, pathophysiology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, etiology, treatment and prevention.

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-384
Author(s):  
André Joyal

Abstract Since there is a relatively large number of publications on the Hungarian economic reform—generally known as the New Economic Mechanism—the purpose of this paper is not so much to present the different aspects of the system as to show both the problems and results which one can identify seven years after its adoption. At the end of 1973, the State increased its control of the economy. We try to demonstrate that in so doing the national authorities did not mean to reopen the question of the "liberalization" of the economy, but above all wanted to make some reajustments in the economic policy in view of the effects of the world crisis on prices and wage policy. The difficulties Hungary has recently known have been attributed to market-socialism by orthodox socialists who are opposed to this policy. On the other hand some of the architects of the N.E.M. maintain that the present model does not fully correspond to market socialism. One must admit that indeed many elements of the economic problems (inflation, income inequalities, development of monopolistic power) that can be identified in Hungary are linked with the disadvantages of a decentralized socialist model. However, in spite of these problems the achievements of the Hungarian economy are worthy of mention. The economic authorities do not conceal their price at having exceeded the forecasts of the 1971-1976 five year Plan. Even if, as several writers maintain, the introduction of the market is not a panacea for all the flaws of socialism in general, Hungary through its past experience and present endeavours provides valuable information to all those interested in studying a synthesis of planning and the market.


Author(s):  
Iu. Halynska ◽  
T. Bondar

More and more companies in the world are striving to implement clean production strategies and maximize resource productivity in their operations. In the process of applying an integrated, preventive environmental strategy in production to reduce risks for both humans and the environment, stakeholders face causal effects and socio-environmental and economic interdependence in the implementation of clean production projects. All this contributes to the development and growth of scientific, methodological and methodological approaches to the implementation of clean production projects. Studying world and domestic experience in introducing of clean production can determine the ways to comprehensively solve environmental and economic problems in Ukraine and provide the prerequisites for creating an effective system of using natural resources in solving environmental and economic problems of the world, including climate change. The implementation of scientific approaches is possible through the distribution of information on the principles of clean production, the development and implementation of a set of economic and environmental factors for the development of production, the improvement of the mechanism for integrating of environmental factors of the economic development strategy, viewing environmental pollution standards and the special use of natural resources, as well as standards for their economic regulation with the goal of a gradual approximation to EU standards, the creation of a system of sustainable management of production development, stimulates environmental protection and ensures the careful use of natural resources. Therefore, the article discovers the basic principles, methods and mechanisms for creating of clean production projects. The prerequisites for creating an environmental direction in the production of goods and services, as well as the need for risk assessment in the introduction of clean production, are considered. Generalization of existing methods of introduction of clean production, taking into account the world experience, showed that despite the local prerequisites and financial and technological problems, it is profitable for enterprises to implement the concept of СР. The result is a synthesis of existing methods for introducing of clean production, taking into account international experience, which can reduce operating costs, can contribute to improving the safety of workers, as well as reducing the impact of business on the environment. It is obvious that clean production technologies are a good business for industry, as they help to reduce waste disposal costs, reduce the cost of raw materials, reduce the cost of damage to health, improve public relations, improve company productivity, and increase the competitiveness of local and international markets. Clean production is an integral part of the social process, which is in line with economic, political, ethical and cultural values. Keywords: clean production, sustainable development, environmental strategies, indicators of resource and energy intensity.


Author(s):  
GLAZIEV SERGEY YU. ◽  

The article contains a brief analysis of the fall of the world economy against the background of the new coronavirus pandemic, which negatively affects the foreign trade relations of Russia and the EAEU States. On the other hand, this situation determines the reorientation of trade, economic and investment activity to the domestic market. Together with the opportunities offered by new technological and global economic structures, the current crisis can become a window of opportunity for countries and regions that are aiming for a breakthrough in economic development. To do this, long-standing economic problems must be resolved both at the national and supranational levels.


Author(s):  
Ali Gunawan ◽  
Stephen Gregorius Kurnia ◽  
Hasan Ghazali

The terms “Globalization” and “The Digital Era” are familiar words that sound in our ears which mean progress or development.  The term globalization is a term that has links to increase interdependence among nations and people around the world through trade, investment, travel, popular culture and other forms of interaction so that the boundaries of a country become biased.  Globalization can bring about changes in all areas such as culture, economy, social, politics, ideology and so on.  On the one hand, globalization brings with its positive consequences and on the other hand also carries negative sides.  The Digital Era supports the process of Globalization to make it easier to accomplish, which makes it all easy to communicate with anyone and anytime, accessing data and information easily and quickly wherever we are especially supported by the tools of modern softwares and hardwares.  The Digital Era can also develop the capabilities of human resources must be able to adjust to use it.  For human resources who are unable to compete will be replaced with more capable ones.  However, currently Human Resources in Indonesia have not been fully encouraged to enter the Digital Era due to the constraints of several factors, such as the availability of infrastructure, the cost of digital is still inadequate when associated with the number of people with the level education and low technological understanding so they are accustomed to do jobs that do not require special skills.  Here ther role of all groups, communities and governments, to further improve the skills of human resources so as to be able to improve the economy and welfare.


Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahid Ud Din Wani ◽  
Surya Prakash Gautam ◽  
Zulfkar Latief Qadrie

Background: The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a transmissible illness produced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has now quickly expanded since its outbreak in Wuhan City of Hubei region of China to the other parts of the world. In accordance with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the spread of COVID-19 emerges typically human-to-humans through respiratory droplets within an area of 1-2 meters. Aim/ Objective: In the present perspective, we have discussed some of the measures taken to prevent and treat the patient suffering from COVID-19, and how to restrict the further spread of COVID-19 due to SARS-CoV-2. Findings/results: The general clinical properties are fever, cough, sore throat, headache, tiredness, myalgia and difficulty in breathing. Presently no approved treatments for COVID-19, as of now no pharmaceutical products have been revealed to be harmless & efficient for the management of COVID-19. Various anti-viral medicines e.g. ribavirin, lopinavir, and ritonavir have been utilized supported on the familiarity with SARS and MERS. Many drugs and vaccines are currently being studied in clinical trials, jointly with the (Solidarity trial) co-sponsored by the WHO. Conclusion: The use of a mask by fit people in community areas to guard against respiratory viral disease is presently recommended by WHO. Patients must be kept in individual rooms, the rooms, surfaces and equipment should go through standard sanitization possibly with sodium hypochlorite. Consequently, apart from restricting this epidemic, efforts should be made to plan wide-ranging procedures to thwart potential outbreaks of the zoonotic sources.


Author(s):  
Haitham Kannas ◽  
Mahmoud Alhassan ◽  
Abdallah M. S. Wafi

Slabs are one of the most basic components concerning the cost of the structure, because of the number of building materials utilized. It is of incentive to think about the current technologies available, meaning to make these slabs cost less or even improve its behaviour. Cobiax and post-tension slabs systems show up as an appropriate alternative. In light of this reason, this paper focuses on demonstrating the advantages and disadvantages of both Cobiax and post-tension systems. Nowadays, these systems are very popular all around the world. It is very necessary to have a wide understanding of the differences in cost and the construction duration between these two systems and have good knowledge about the advantages and disadvantages of both types. Firstly, the properties of these types of slabs have been reported and the advantages and disadvantages for both systems and then the cost and time has been compared, which are the most important factors for the owners. Finally, it has been made a comparison between the reinforcement quantities, concrete quantities, final cost and duration to finalize the construction stage.  As a result, it has been found that the post-tension system is more economical than the Cobiax system according to reinforcement quantities, on the other hand, Cobiax system is more economical in concrete quantities which leads to lighter buildings and fewer reinforcement quantities in foundations. When the construction duration has been considered, it has been found that the post-tension is the quickest system in the construction field because it is increasing the strength and durability of the structure which the Cobiax system cannot provide.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 124-136
Author(s):  
Yanlin Li ◽  
Mingfeng Yang

The expanding development of the world economy has triggered various approaches to address the impending environmental problems, among which documentary serves as one of the most effective and attractive ways to cultivate eco-harmony awareness. This article aims to probe how attitudinal resources are being distributed and what Sino-British ideologies have conveyed in the Chinese documentary, Wild China, and the British documentary, Climate Change: The Facts, under the framework of appraisal theory with the help of UAM CorpusTool 3.3. The results from this study indicate that Wild China tends to employ more dis/inclination resources to show that China is willful to collaborate with other countries for environmental protection. On the other hand, the United Kingdom (UK) tends to adopt dis/satisfaction resources to explicitly or implicitly convey their disagreement with the promotion of the economy under the cost of the environment. The appraisal resources employed by both documentaries convey the ideology of opposing humans’ over-exploitation of natural resources. The findings of this study have both theoretical and practical implications in enriching the application of appraisal theory on the analysis of ecological discourse and further encourage the world to take action in order to prevent the over-exploitation of natural resources.


Author(s):  
Paolo Parra Saiani ◽  
Enrico Ivaldi ◽  
Andrea Ciacci ◽  
Lucia Di Stefano

AbstractLatin American societies show lower levels of political trust when compared to other regions of the world. The lack of trust in institutions can led to ineffective management of public affairs, social crises, lack of transparency, economic problems and even difficulties in countering pandemics. The objective of this work is to build an index (LADI) that provides a measure of the level of perceived distrust in the institutions of the different Latin American countries and its variations over the period from 2008 to 2018. The data used for this analysis are of a subjective nature and come from the series of surveys provided by Latinobarómetro. To develop the analysis, we have used a quantitative approach of a partially non-compensatory aggregative type, known as Adjusted Mazziotta and Pareto Index. The results show a generalized increase of distrust in the years 2017 and 2018 for several Latin American countries. On the other hand, in countries where the rule of law is more consolidated, a best perception of the functioning of democracy emerges.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Alexei S. Bokarev ◽  
◽  
Yulia V. Tkachuk ◽  

The article considers M. Stepanova's cycle of poems «Spolia» (2015) from the point of view of the relationship between the author and the hero, whose outlooks are clearly getting closer at the non-classical stage of poetics development. The authors analyse the artistic strategy where «I», being the subject of the utterence, delegates the right to speak and/or the right to make judgements to the «other», «connecting» to the «other» for the sake of self-expression. Spolia is based on the complex of meanings connected with the author's consciousness, directed towards the author, but not autonomous in relation to the subject: replication (usually not marked graphically) and «alien» intention (understood as value expression directed at the protagonist) are the most popular forms of speech production in the cycle. The author's powers are thus limited to recording judgements addressed to the heroine and critically interpreting Stepanova's texts (the poet's works must be read as meta-lyrics), and to organizing the space for dialogue. The «voices» of both classical and modern artists (from A. Griboyedov and P. Tchaikovsky to Ven. Yerofeyev and G. Dashevsky) are included in the subjective sphere of «Spolia» as inseparable but not merging with the author's voice. When the purpose of the intertext comes down to expanding the boundaries of the personality, which is no longer understood as a «center», but as a «radius» of the artistic world, it is natural to disregard the individual biography of the writer. The poet's «passport» name, according to Stepanova, is a «synonym» for the epicenter of pain: unity with the world is only bought at the cost of suffering, which opens up to the author the possibility of «no-self-speaking», rare in poetry


2011 ◽  
pp. 99-118
Author(s):  
Yu. Olsevich

The article analyzes the psychological basis of the theory and economic policy of libertarianism, as contained in the book by A. Greenspan "The Age of Turbulence", clarifies the strengths and weaknesses of this doctrine that led to its discredit in 2008. It presents a new understanding of liberalization in 1980-1990s as a process of institutional transformation at the micro and meso levels, implemented by politicians and entrepreneurs with predatory and opportunistic mentality. That process caused, on the one hand, the acceleration of growth, on the other hand - the erosion of informal foundations of a market system. With psychology and ideology of libertarianism, it is impossible to perceive real macro risks generated at the micro level, which lead to a systemic crisis, and to develop measures to prevent it.


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