scholarly journals Effect of Occlusal Splints on the Temporomandibular Disorders, Dental Wear and Anxiety of Bruxist Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 441-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia C Restrepo ◽  
Isabel Medina ◽  
Patiñob Isabel
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Parent Rating ◽  
Dental Wear ◽  
Occlusal Splints ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

ABSTRACTObjectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of occlusal splints to reduce the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD), dental wear and anxiety in a group of bruxist children. Methods: All of the subjects were 3 to 6 years old, had complete primary dentition, class I occlusion and were classified as bruxist according to the minimal criteria of the ICSD for bruxism. For each child, anxiety was evaluated with the Conners’ Parent Rating Scales (CPRS). The TMD were evaluated using the RDC/TMD. The dental wear was processed in digital format with Mat Lab® and Lab view® software to determine its size and form. The children were randomized into an experimental (n=19) and a control (n=17) group. The children in the experimental group used rigid bite plates for a two-year period, until mixed dentition. Afterwards, the CPRS and the RDC/TMD were applied again and dental casts were taken. Comparisons of the variables regarding dental wear, signs and symptoms of TMD and anxiety before and after treatment among the groups were analyzed using the t-test, the Wilcoxon rank sum test and the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The subjects in the experimental group showed no statistically significant difference regarding anxiety levels and dental wear when compared with the control group. The signs and symptoms of TMD were not reduced except for the deviation in mouth opening. Conclusions: The use of rigid occlusal bite plates was not efficient in reducing the signs of bruxism as a whole but did reduce the deviation in mouth opening. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:441-450)

scholarly journals Evaluation of the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in children with headaches

2007 ◽  
Vol 65 (2A) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Mara de Paiva Bertoli ◽  
Sérgio A. Antoniuk ◽  
Isac Bruck ◽  
Guilherme R.P. Xavier ◽  
Danielle C.B. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dental Examination ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in children with headaches in a neuropediatric ambulatory. METHOD: Fifty patients between 4 and 18 years of age were examined: 31 had headaches (24 migraine, 4 tension type and 3 unspecific headache) and 19 formed the control group. The data collection was comprised of a structured questionnaire answered by the children's parents, and a subjective evaluation about the children’s emotional state. A specific questionnaire for TMD was applied, followed by a clinical dental examination of the children. As signs of TMD, mouth opening limitation, mandibular trajectory deviation in opening mouth, and joint noise were considered. As symptoms, pain on palpation of masseter and temporal muscles and on the poromandibular joint. RESULTS: A significant increase in signs and symptoms of TMD was found in patients with headaches when compared to the control group. There was also a significant difference in signs and symptoms of TMD according to age (increased with age) and emotional state (tense> calm). CONCLUSION: There is a higher frequency of TMD in pediatric patients with headaches; thus, it is important to look for TMD signs and symptoms in this population.

scholarly journals Comparative study of intermaxillary relationships of manual and swallowing methods

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Cristina Alvarez ◽  
Miriam Lacale Turbino ◽  
Celso de Barros ◽  
Valéria Oliveira Pagnano ◽  
Osvaldo Luiz Bezzon
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Lateral Displacement ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Posterior Displacement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Irreversible Hydrocolloid ◽  
The Difference

This study compared the mandibular displacement from three methods of centric relation record using an anterior jig associated with (A) chin point guidance, (B) swallowing (control group) and (C) bimanual manipulation. Ten patients aged 25-39 years were selected if they met the following inclusion criteria: complete dentition (up to the second molars), Angle class I and absence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and diagnostic casts showing stability in the maximum intercuspation (MI) position. Impressions of maxillary and mandibular arches were made with an irreversible hydrocolloid impression material. Master casts of each patient were obtained, mounted on a microscope table in MI as a reference position and 5 records of each method were made per patient. The mandibular casts were then repositioned with records interposed and new measurements were obtained. The difference between the two readings allowed measuring the displacement of the mandible in the anteroposterior and lateral axes. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test at 5% significance level. There was no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among the three methods for measuring lateral displacement (A=0.38 ± 0.26, B=0.32 ± 0.25 and C=0.32 ± 0.23). For the anteroposterior displacement (A=2.76 ± 1.43, B=2.46 ± 1.48 and C=2.97 ± 1.51), the swallowing method (B) differed significantly from the others (p<0.05), but no significant difference (p>0.05) was found between chin point guidance (A) and bimanual manipulation (C). In conclusion, the swallowing method produced smaller mandibular posterior displacement than the other methods.

Effectiveness of Neem Oil Upon Pediculosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 376-378
Author(s):  
Lincy Issac
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Demographic Variable ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: It is widely accepted that the school environment favors in the spread of the infestation simply be- cause it affords opportunity for continual close contact of children. So the investigator motivated to try out neem oil application and to see its effect in children with pediculosis. Neem oil is available locally, is of low cost and effective for treating head lice. Objective: To test whether the neem oil is effective in the treatment of pediculosis among school children. Methods: An experimental research approach with true experimental design was used. The present study was conducted in the Don Bosco Beatitudes Orphanage, Vyasarpady, for control group and Dazzling Stone Orphanage for experimental group, Kundrathur. The sample size was 60 and was selected through simple random sampling method, 30 were assigned to control group and 30 were assigned to experimental group. The investigator used a demographic variable proforma, degree of pediculosis, observational checklist on signs and symptoms of pediculosis, and interview schedule on knowledge regarding prevention of pediculosis and a rating scale on the level of satisfaction on application of neem oil. Results In control group, there was no significant difference in the degree of pediculosis before neem oil application (M=2.70, SD=0.450) and after neem oil application (M=2.73, SD=0.450). In contrast, in the experimental group, degree of pediculosis was decreased (M=0.70, SD=0.466) when compared to the degree of pediculosis before neem oil application (M=2.73, SD=0.450). The difference was found to be statistically significant at p< 0.001 degree of pediculosis and it can be attributed to the effectiveness of neem oil application. Most of the children (73.3%) were highly satisfied and only a significant percentage of children (26.7%) were satisfied with the neem oil application in the experimental group. Conclusion: It is possible to reduce pediculosis by the application of neem oil among school children.

scholarly journals Postural evaluation in children with atypical swallowing: radiographic study

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Almiro José Machado Júnior ◽  
Agrício Nubiato Crespo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Cranial Base ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cephalometric Analysis ◽  
Radiographic Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Angular Measurements ◽  
Experimental Group

PURPOSE: To evaluate the cranial posture on lateral teleradiographs of children with atypical swallowing in mixed dentition. METHODS: By using cephalometric analysis on lateral teleradiographs, the angles between the odontoid process and cranial base (CC1) and the odontoid process and Frankfurt plane (CC2) were measured in two groups: 55 teleradiographs from the experimental group (with atypical swallowing), and 55 lateral teleradiographs from the control group (normal swallowing). These angular measurements were subjected to statistical analysis. RESULTS: The means of the variable CC1 were 99.95 degrees in the experimental group and 96.42 degrees in the control group, with significant difference between them. The means of the variable CC2 were 90.60 degrees in the experimental group and 86.35 degrees in the control group, which was also statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The angles CC1 and CC2 are increased in the group with atypical swallowing.

Effect of Cervical Extensor Strengthening on severity of Temporomandibular Joint Disorder among University students: A Randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 2233-2242
Author(s):  
Ilayaraja Alagia Thiruvevenkadam ◽  
Lee Tze Ling
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Joint Disorder ◽  
Maximal Mouth Opening ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Objectives: Awareness of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is fairly concerning in management of physiotherapy as patients often seek for treatment from orthodontics when pain become their main concerns. In this case, cervical aspects are often overlooked in the treatment of temporomandibular joint disorder. This study aims to determine the effect of cervical extensor strengthening on severity of temporomandibular joint disorder. Methods: A randomized controlled trial study was carried out for 4 weeks to determine the effect of cervical extensor strengthening on severity of temporomandibular joint disorder among university students. A total of 40 participants were recruited via convenient sampling method. Subjects were randomly assigned into two groups: experimental group (E) and control group (C) through lottery randomization. Subjects in experimental group were instructed to perform 1 set of cervical extensor strengthening with 10 repetitions and goldfish exercises whereas subjects in control group were asked to perform goldfish exercises only. A pre-test and post-test severity of TMD, maximal mouth opening and maximal isometric cervical extensor strength were measured for both groups. Results: After 4 weeks of training, there was significant difference in pre-test and post-test severity of TMD and maximal mouth opening for both E and C group. On the other hand, there was significant difference of pre and post-test of maximal isometric cervical extensor strength in experimental group. There was no significant difference in post-test for severity of TMD (p=0.67), maximal mouth opening (p=0.21) and maximal isometric cervical extensor strength (p=0.40) between two groups. Conclusions: The study concluded that, 4 weeks of anti-gravity cervical extensor strengthening exercises protocol showed there was no significantly difference of the severity of TMD and maximal mouth opening between both control and experimental group. On the other hand, goldfish exercises showed significant improvement of maximal mouth opening and reduction in severity of TMD after 4 weeks of intervention period.

Is perioperative antibiotic necessary in straightforward implant placement procedures?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elçin Bedeloğlu ◽  
Mustafa Yalçın ◽  
Cenker Zeki Koyuncuoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Implant Failure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of this non-random retrospective cohort study was to evaluate the impact of prophylactic antibiotic on early outcomes including postoperative pain, swelling, bleeding and cyanosis in patients undergoing dental implant placement before prosthetic loading. Seventy-five patients (45 males, 30 females) whose dental implant placement were completed, included to the study. Patients used prophylactic antibiotics were defined as the experimental group and those who did not, were defined as the control group. The experimental group received 2 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 1 h preoperatively and 1 g amoxicillin + clavulanic acid twice a day for 5 days postoperatively while the control group had received no prophylactic antibiotic therapy perioperatively. Data on pain, swelling, bleeding, cyanosis, flap dehiscence, suppuration and implant failure were analyzed on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12. No statistically significant difference was detected between the two groups with regard to pain and swelling on postoperative days 2, 7, and 14 and week 12 ( p &gt;0.05), while the severity of pain and swelling were greater on day 2 compared to day 7 and 14 and week 12 in both groups ( p =0.001 and p &lt;0.05, respectively). Similarly, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to postoperative bleeding and cyanosis. Although flap dehiscence was more severe on day 7 in the experimental group, no significant difference was found between the two groups with regard to the percentage of flap dehiscence assessed at other time points. Within limitations of the study, it has been demonstrated that antibiotic use has no effect on implant failure rates in dental implant surgery with a limited number of implants. We conclude that perioperative antibiotic use may not be required in straightforward implant placement procedures. Further randomized control clinical studies with higher numbers of patients and implants are needed to substantiate our findings.

The Effect of Using Students Peer Teaching on Iraqi EFL Students' Achievement in the Course of Library and Research Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (33) ◽  
pp. 693-714
Author(s):  
. Muntaha Sabbar Jebur
Keyword(s):  
Basic Education ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Peer Teaching ◽  
Control Group ◽  
College Of Basic Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Efl Students ◽  
Experimental Group

          Peer teaching is a strategy that allows the students to teach the new content to each other, and they must be accurately guided by instructors.     The researcher proposes that the use of students peer teaching  may promote students' achievement  and ensure the engagement of all the students in the learning process. Therefore, the researcher employs it as a teaching method aiming at investigating its  effect on Iraqi EFL students' achievement in the course of Library and Research Work .      The study hypothesizes that there is no significant difference between the students' achievement who are taught library and research work by students peer teaching  and that of the students taught by the traditional way. The experimental design of the study is Parallel Groups, Random Assignment, posttest. Each group consists of 35 students, chosen randomly from the Third Year Students at the Department of English in the College of Basic Education. Both groups were matched in terms of their age and parents' education. The experiment was fulfilled in the first course for 15 weeks during the academic year 2016-2017.       The same materials were presented to both groups. This included   units from Writing Research Paper by Lester D. . Post-test was constructed and exposed  The t-test for  independent samples was used to analyze the results and it is found out that there is a statistical difference between the two groups in their achievement because the calculated t- value 2.635 is bigger than the tabulated t- value which is 2.000, and also shown the superiority of the experimental group. The results indicate that the experimental group, who was taught Library and Research Work by peer teaching   was better than the control group, who was taught according to the traditional way. So, the null hypothesis is rejected. Finally, some recommendations and suggestions are presented in the light of the study findings. to a jury of experts to verify its validity and it was administered to both groups.

Optimization of postoperative management of patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Sergey Bezshapochny ◽  
Andrey Loburets ◽  
Valery Loburets
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Postoperative Period ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Traditional Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Water Salt ◽  
Experimental Group

Topicality: The result of surgical treatment depends largely on the chosen method of management of the postoperative period, the main purpose of which is to reduce the effects of surgical trauma. Despite the wide variety of drugs for local and systemic use, the question of pharmacotherapy of the operated sinus remains open to this day. The main properties that a modern drug should possess are safety and high clinical efficacy. Aim: to study the clinical efficacy of topical application of a complex preparation based on a saline solution containing sodium hyaluronate and dexpanthenol in patients with chronic sinusitis after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Materials and Methods: Clinical and laboratory studies were conducted on 47 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis who underwent surgery using the FESS technique. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the principle of the postoperative period. Patients of research group (n=21), except for traditional therapy, was used locally NASOMER (a preparation based on a water-salt solution containing sodium hyaluronate and dexpanthenol); to the control group (n=26) patients entered, in the postoperative period received traditional therapy. Traditional therapy included a toilet of the nasal cavity, the use of short-course topical decongestants, irrigation of the nasal cavity with water-salt solutions. Criteria of clinical effectiveness: data of endoscopy of the nasal cavity, rhinomanometry, activity of the mucociliary transport system. The effectiveness of functional research methods in the postoperative period was determined on the 7th and 14th day of treatment. Results: On the 3rd day of the study, an increase in the swelling of the nasal cavity was observed in patients of both clinical groups, correlated with difficulty in nasal breathing. On the 7th day, a decrease in edema was observed in patients of both groups, but in the experimental group, the index of nasal breathing, according to rhinomanometry, was significantly (p<0.05) different from the control group, and was respectively 1.54±0.14 and 2.04±0.19 kPa/l*s. On the 14th day of the study, no significant difference was observed between these indicators. When studying the activity of the ciliated epithelium of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, it was proved that patients of the experimental group on day 7 after surgery showed a statistically significant difference in this indicator compared to the control group (17.8±1.0 and 22.7±2.1 min. respectively). Conclusions: The use of NASOMER after surgical intervention in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis contributes to more effective treatment compared with traditional therapy, as evidenced by the rapid recovery of the main functional parameters according to active posterior rhinomanometry and mucociliary clearance. Based on the results of the studies performed, the use of NASOMER for pharmacotherapy in the postoperative period is recommended for patients who have undergone rhinosurgical interventions with the aim of reducing the period of postoperative rehabilitation as an effective anti-inflammatory and wound-healing agent.

Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Safian ◽  
Farzaneh Esna-Ashari ◽  
Shiva Borzouei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims: Investigation thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Background: This article was written to evaluate the thyroid function and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti- TPO) antibodies in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Method: A total of 252 women with GDM and 252 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. Thyroid tests, including TSH, FreeT3, Free T4, and anti-TPO were performed for all women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Data analysis was then carried out using SPSS ver. 22. Result: There was a significant difference between the experimental group (38.4%) and the control group (14.06%) in terms of the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (p= 0.016). The frequency of anti-TPO was higher in the experimental group than the control group and positive anti-TPO was observed in 18.6% of women with GDM and 10.3% of healthy pregnant women (P= 0.008). Conclusion: Thyroid disorders are observed in pregnant women with GDM more frequently than healthy individuals and it may be thus reasonable to perform thyroid tests routinely.

EFFECT OF WEB BASED INSTRUCTIONS ON ACHIEVEMENT IN SOCIAL STUDIES

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajwinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Based Instruction ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the study was to study the Effect of Web based instructions on achievement in Social Studies. The sample consisted of 100 students from Grade 8th of schools affiliated to C.B.S.E of Ferozepur and were randomly split into two groups-control (taught by traditional method) and experimental (taught by Web based instruction) groups. Firstly pre-test was administered on both the groups; then the students in the control group were taught by conventional method while experimental group was taught by Web based instructions. Then post-test was administrated on both the groups. The Statistical techniques were then employed to data collected and analysis and interpretation of the data was done. The result of the study implied that there exists significant difference in achievement in Social Studies based on Web based instructions and conventional method. The study also revealed that there exist significant gender differences in achievement in Social Studies with Web based instructions.

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