Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiu Lam Agnes Yuen ◽  
Huyen Tran ◽  
Sanjeev Chunilal
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Pacemaker Leads ◽  
Intravascular Catheters ◽  
Deep Vein

AbstractUpper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) has been increasing in incidence due to the escalating use of central venous catheters such as peripherally inserted central catheters. UEDVT can be primary idiopathic or secondary to pacemaker leads, intravascular catheters or cancer. In comparison to conventional venous thromboembolism such as lower limb deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism the risk factors, investigations, and management are not well defined. We review current evidence in primary and secondary UEDVT, highlighting areas in need of further research. We also explore the entity of venous thoracic outlet syndrome, which is said to be a risk factor for recurrent primary UEDVT and is the rationale behind surgical interventions.

scholarly journals Diagnostic and Therapeutic Management of Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2069
Author(s):  
Floris T. M. Bosch ◽  
Marcello Di Nisio ◽  
Harry R. Büller ◽  
Nick van Es
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Pacemaker Leads ◽  
Venous Outflow Obstruction ◽  
Deep Vein

Upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (UEDVT) accounts for 5% of all deep vein thromboses (DVTs). UEDVT may be complicated by post thrombotic syndrome and pulmonary embolism, and early recognition and prompt start of anticoagulant treatment are key. Primary UEDVT, also known as Paget-von Schrötter syndrome, is associated with repeated or sudden physical activity of the upper arm and venous outflow obstruction due to anatomical variations. Secondary UEDVT is often associated with malignancy or use of intravenous devices, such as central venous catheters or pacemaker leads. Although the diagnosis and treatment of UEDVT have many similarities with DVT of the lower extremities, knowledge of specific aspects regarding UEDVT is important to guide optimal management. In this review, we will discuss the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of UEDVT based on the current literature.

Paget-Schroetter syndrome: A contemporary review of the controversies in management

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 461-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommy Y Cai ◽  
Saissan Rajendran ◽  
Prakash Saha ◽  
Steven Dubenec
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Small Series ◽  
Deep Vein

Aim To assess the current evidence, controversies and technologies behind the various approaches and steps in the management of Paget-Schroetter syndrome. Materials and methods We performed a narrative review based on a literature search in Embase, Medline, Pubmed and Google Scholar through keyword searching related to upper extremity deep vein thrombosis, Paget-Schroetter syndrome and venous thoracic outlet syndrome. Results There is a paucity of high-quality evidence assessing the efficacy of contemporary approaches for the management of acute upper extremity deep vein thrombosis which, though promising, is largely limited to single institution case studies and small series. As a result, a formal systematic review could not be performed. Conclusions Paget-Schroetter syndrome is a rare condition, whose management approaches are largely guided by the accumulated expertise and clinical experience of vascular specialists. In the absence of randomized controlled trials, current practice has been guided by retrospective reviews and experience. Modern approaches and protocols appear to remain distinct between health care facilities, but have common features including early clot lysis, surgical decompression with first rib resection, followed by adjunctive open or endovascular procedures. Further high-quality level 1 evidence and research are required in order to standardize treatment for this condition.

scholarly journals Recurrence of Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis Secondary to COVID-19

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 878
Author(s):  
Yesha H. Parekh ◽  
Nicole J. Altomare ◽  
Erin P. McDonnell ◽  
Martin J. Blaser ◽  
Payal D. Parikh
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Venous Thromboembolic ◽  
Deep Vein

Infection with SARS-CoV-2 leading to COVID-19 induces hyperinflammatory and hypercoagulable states, resulting in arterial and venous thromboembolic events. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has been well reported in COVID-19 patients. While most DVTs occur in a lower extremity, involvement of the upper extremity is uncommon. In this report, we describe the first reported patient with an upper extremity DVT recurrence secondary to COVID-19 infection.

Prevalence and clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with Upper-Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael S. Cires-Drouet ◽  
Frederick Durham ◽  
Jashank Sharma ◽  
Praveen Cheeka ◽  
Zachary Strumpf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

Upper-extremity deep vein thrombosis and paralysis: A case report

2003 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mrugeshkumar K. Shah ◽  
Randie M. Black-Schaffer
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein
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