Clinical trials and systematic reviews of herbal medicine

Planta Medica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Ernst
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Systematic Reviews

Liraglutide for the Treatment of Obesity: Analyzing Published Reviews

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 1783-1790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosario Pastor ◽  
Josep A. Tur
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Mesh Terms ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity

Background: Several drugs have been currently approved for the treatment of obesity. The pharmacokinetic of liraglutide, as well as the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, have been widely described. Objective: To analyze the published systematic reviews on the use of liraglutide for the treatment of obesity. Methods: Systematic reviews were found out through MEDLINE searches, through EBSCO host and the Cochrane Library based on the following terms: "liraglutide" as major term and using the following Medical Subject Headings (MesH) terms: "obesity", "overweight", "weight loss". A total of 3 systematic reviews were finally included to be analyzed. Results: From the three systematic reviews selected, only two included the randomized clinical trials, while the third study reviewed both randomized and non-randomized clinical trials. Only one review performed statistical tests of heterogeneity and a meta-analysis, combining the results of individual studies. Another review showed the results of individual studies with odds ratio and confidence interval, but a second one just showed the means and confidence intervals. In all studies, weight loss was registered in persons treated with liraglutide in a dose dependent form, reaching a plateau at 3.0 mg dose, which was reached just in men. Most usual adverse events were gastrointestinal. Conclusion: More powerful and prospective studies are needed to assess all aspects related to liraglutide in the overweight and obesity treatment.

Persian herbal medicine in functional dyspepsia: a systematic review article.

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Azimi ◽  
Mohammad Javad Zahedi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Gastric Accommodation ◽  
Cynara Scolymus

Introduction: According to Rome IV, functional dyspepsia is diagnosed with presence of dyspepsia in the absence of organic or metabolic causes. FD caused by several factors such as impaired gastric accommodation and hypersensitivity to gastric distention. Several studies have reported effectiveness of herbal medicine on FD. This article, thus, reviews Persian herbal medicine in FD. Method: Electronic databases including Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrain, Embase, Web of science and Ovid were searched so as to find clinical articles related to dyspepsia and herbal medicine by July 2019. Our search strategies were traditional medicine, complementary and alternative medicine, herb, plant, and dyspepsia. We excluded all articles except Persian clinical trials. Results: We found 34 clinical trials with 15 herbs and 4 compound herbal remedies like Asparagus racemosus, Brassica oleracea, Cynara scolymus, Ocimum basilicum, Mentha longifolia, Mentha pulegium, Mentha piperata, Pimpinella anisum, Nigella sativa, Mastic gum, Curcuma longa, Pistatio atlantica, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Solanum tuberosum and Zingiber officinale and compound remedies of Rosa damascene & Crocus sativus, Trachyspermum copticom & Apium graveolence, Carum carvi & Mentha pipperata, Gingiber officinalis & Cynara scolymus are effective in functional dyspepsia. Conclusion: Many people use herbal and traditional remedies for treatment of disorders such as gastrointestinal disordersو , especially in Asian countries. Several studies reported the efficacy of herbal medicine in functional dyspepsia. Although their mechanisms are not fully understood, it seems they can modulate GI motility and improve symptoms of FD.

scholarly journals Clinical Trials Registries For Systematic Reviews – An Alternative Source For Unpublished Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. A12 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J. Halfpenny ◽  
J.C. Thompson ◽  
J.M. Quigley ◽  
D.A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Alternative Source

scholarly journals Random-effects meta-analysis for systematic reviews of phase I clinical trials: Rare events and missing data

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Ok Kim ◽  
Xia Wang ◽  
Chunyan Liu ◽  
Kathleen Dorris ◽  
Maryam Fouladi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Rare Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Phase I Clinical Trials

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PAKAR PEMILIHAN JAMU DENGAN DIAGNOSA PENYAKIT PADA MANUSIA DENGAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Teguh Pradana ◽  
Moch. Zul Ilmi ◽  
Teguh Arifianto
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Forward Chaining ◽  
The Right

Herbal medicine is a medicine from natural ingredients whose properties have not been scientifically proven, in other words, it has not been subjected to clinical or clinical trials, but its properties are trusted by people based on experience. And at this time many herbal products are marketed in general, and not a few people are confused to choose the right herbal medicine according to their circumstances, so people have to consult or ask before choosing, and make the store experience a long queue on customers. Therefore an expert system is needed for herbal medicine so that people can choose the right herbal medicine according to their circumstances or conditions, and this system can reduce the queue at the herbal medicine shop customers. Expert system built in this study uses the forward chaining method. Case study for the system that is "Pasuruan herbal shop fan" which contained 70 types of herbal medicine, the results of tests conducted by this system are in accordance with the diagnosis.

scholarly journals An Overview of Systematic Reviews of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Alzheimer’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanyang Liu ◽  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Jiahui Sun ◽  
Jiuxiu Yao ◽  
Lina Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicine ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Chinese Herbal

Background: Multiple systematic reviews (SRs) have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we aim to perform an overview to assess the methodological quality and quality of evidence of the SRs to provide convincing data on the treatment of AD with CHM.Method: Six electronic databases including Chinese and English were searched, until April 31, 2021. Two researchers independently screen documents and extract data according to the predesigned rules. A Measure Tool to Assessment System Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) was used to investigate the methodological quality, and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to determine the quality of evidence for outcomes.Results: Twelve qualified SRs including 163 randomized controlled trials were reviewed. The methodological quality of the included SRs was considered extremely low assessed through AMSTAR-2. Compared with western medicines (WM) alone, CHM as an adjuvant treatment has shown significant effects in improving Mini-mental State Examination, Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive, and Clinical Dementia Rating scores. The same is true for CHM alone. Regarding the effect on Activities Daily Living, neither the single CHM nor the combination with WM has an obvious effect. For the total effective rate, both single CHM and the combination with WM shown significant effects. Nine SRs suggested that CHM as adjuvant therapy or single-use had fewer adverse events than WM. Additionally, the quality of evidence for the main outcome was reviewed as low or extremely low according to GRADE profiler data.Conclusion: Current evidence suggests that CHM may be beneficial in improving the cognitive function of AD patients. However, we should be cautious about the evidence due to methodological flaws and low quality. High-quality RCTs are further needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of CHM for AD.

Auriculoterapia para o tratamento da ansiedade em estudantes universitários: revisão sistemática

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lara dos Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Tecnología Educativa

A ansiedade está entre os transtornos mentais de maior prevalência na população mundial, sendo a segunda causa de incapacidade mental no mundo. Dentre a população suscetível à ansiedade, destacam-se os estudantes universitários, em decorrência das situações vivenciadas no âmbito acadêmico. Os tratamentos da ansiedade podem estar pautados em recursos medicamentosos e não medicamentosos. Dentre os não medicamentosos, destacam-se as Práticas Integrativas e Complementares em Saúde e, dentre estas, a auriculoterapia. O objetivo geral deste estudo foi s intetizar as evidências disponíveis na literatura científica sobre o uso da auriculoterapia no tratamento da ansiedade em estudantes universitários. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática da literatura, realizada em 16 bases de dados, com início em 20 de janeiro e revisão até 27 de março de 2021. Todo o processo de busca e seleção dos artigos foi feito de modo independente e pareado, e, quando necessário, um terceiro pesquisador com experiência na temática auxiliava como ad hoc na resolução dos conflitos. O relato da revisão pautou-se na diretriz Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, e o protocolo da revisão foi cadastrado na plataforma International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (registro No CRD42020205968). Utilizou-se as diretrizes Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture, Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool, e escala de JADAD para avaliação dos artigos. A amostra final foi composta por cinco artigos. A análise dos mesmos mostrou que a auriculoterapia contribuiu para tratar a ansiedade de estudantes universitários. O uso desta intervenção deve ser considerado pelas instituições formadoras para promoção da saúde mental nesta população, e pode contribuir para a melhora do desempenho acadêmico, redução das taxas de evasão, e melhora da qualidade de vida aos universitários. O estudo também possibilitou a elaboração de uma tecnologia educativa no formato de cartilha, com o objetivo de esclarecer aos estudantes universitários sobre a ansiedade como um problema de saúde relevante na população, bem como apresentar a auriculoterapia como uma possibilidade terapêutica. Pretende-se que, em momento oportuno, a mesma seja divulgada em formato eletrônico para toda a comunidade acadêmica. Palavras-chave: Auriculoterapia. Terapia auricular. Ansiedade. Estudantes.

scholarly journals Can prospective systematic reviews of animal studies improve clinical translation?

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandora Pound ◽  
Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Clinical Knowledge ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
High Quality Evidence ◽  
Animal Data

AbstractSystematic reviews are powerful tools with the potential to generate high quality evidence. Their application to animal studies has been instrumental in exposing the poor quality of these studies, as well as a catalyst for improvements in study design, conduct and reporting. It has been suggested that prospective systematic reviews of animal studies (i.e. systematic reviews conducted prior to clinical trials) would allow scrutiny of the preclinical evidence, providing valuable information on safety and efficacy, and helping to determine whether clinical trials should proceed. However, while prospective systematic reviews allow valuable scrutiny of the preclinical animal data, they are not necessarily able to reliably predict the safety and efficacy of an intervention when trialled in humans. Consequently, they may not reliably safeguard humans participating in clinical trials and might potentially result in lost opportunities for beneficial clinical treatments. Furthermore, animal and human studies are often conducted concurrently, which not only makes prospective systematic reviews of animal studies impossible, but suggests that animal studies do not inform human studies in the manner presumed. We suggest that this points to a confused attitude regarding animal studies, whereby tradition demands that they precede human studies but practice indicates that their findings are often ignored. We argue that it is time to assess the relative contributions of animal and human research in order to better understand how clinical knowledge is actually produced.

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