Response Efficacy Perception and Taking Action to Prepare for Disasters with Different Lead Time

Abstract This study investigated how disaster types, namely those with short and longer warning lead time, contextualized individuals’ preparatory action, especially as associated with their response efficacy and age. The working sample included 1,467 respondents from the 2017 U.S. National Household Survey. Logistic regressions showed that individuals with higher levels of response efficacy were more likely to prepare after learning information about how to prepare. Respondents in areas prone to short lead-time disasters were less likely to prepare than those in longer lead-time disasters areas. Response efficacy was more important for action taking for short lead-time disasters, which was observed only among older adults when older and younger adults were examined separately. These findings revealed the impacts of disaster types and response efficacy on disaster preparedness and older adults’ unique vulnerability and resilience, which could guide policymaking and interventions to promote national disaster preparedness tailored to regional peculiarities.

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Pemborosan (Waste) di Instalasi Gawat Darurat RSI PKU Muhammadiyah Tegal

The Journal of Hospital Accreditation ◽

10.35727/jha.v2i02.73 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (02) ◽

pp. 47-51

Author(s):

Nurhidayat Nurhidayat ◽

Firman Firman ◽

Adi Utarini

Keyword(s):

Action Research ◽

Waiting Time ◽

Cycle Time ◽

Lead Time ◽

Value Stream Mapping ◽

Lean Management ◽

Value Stream ◽

Taking Action ◽

Planning Action

Latar Belakang: Penerapan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) dengan cakupan kesehatan semesta meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan pasien ke rumah sakit, termasuk di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD). Peningkatan di IGD ini menyebabkan waktu tunggu pemindahan pasien dari IGD ke ruang rawat inap pun semakin lama. Untuk mempersingkatnya, digunakan metode lean management. Tujuan: Menurunkan lama waktu tunggu pemindahan pasien dari IGD ke ruang rawat inap dengan cara mengidentifikasi pemborosan waktu tunggu, dan melakukan perbaikan faktor-faktor penyebab pemborosan. Metode: Diterapkan empat tahapan penelitian action research. Pertama, pengumpulan data awal pada diagnosing action, diikuti dengan identifikasi penyebab pemborosan dan solusinya pada tahap kedua, planning action. Ketiga, dilakukan perbaikan cepat pada tahap taking action, meliputi sosialisasi rencana implementasi, update ketersediaan ruang rawat inap, perakitan rekam medis di ruang rawat inap, penulisan resep dokter hanya untuk obat penggunaan di IGD. Penelitian diakhiri dengan evaluasi waktu tunggu dan tindak lanjut pada tahap evaluating action. Hasil: Terdapat delapan tahapan utama dalam alur proses pelayanan pasien IGD hingga pemindahan ke rawat inap. Pemborosan yang utama adalah: waste of overprocessing, waste of motion, dan waste of waiting. Beberapa penyebab utama pemborosan adalah kasus false emergency, kekurangan sumber daya (ruang tunggu dan SDM, papan informasi). Hasil pemetaan dengan Value Stream Mapping adalah rerata 69,9 menit lead time, yang turun menjadi 51,5 menit setelah pasca intervensi. Demikian pula terdapat penurunan waiting time dari 39,9 menit menjadi 28,5 menit, dan cycle time dari 30 menit menjadi 23 menit. Kesimpulan: Lean management dapat mengidentifikasi waste dan menurunkan lama waktu pemindahan pasien IGD ke ruang rawat inap. Lean management perlu dijadikan budaya sebagai salah satu proses dalam upaya perbaikan mutu. Diharapkan hasil intervensi cepat ini dapat dipertahankan oleh rumah sakit, agar menjadi berkelanjutan.

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Suicidal Ideation and Self-Determination in Institutionalized Elderly

Crisis ◽

10.1027//0227-5910.22.1.15 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 15-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Andrée Fortin ◽

Sylvie Lapierre ◽

Jacques Baillargeon ◽

Réal Labelle ◽

Micheline Dubé ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Self Determination ◽

Current Debate ◽

Elderly Persons ◽

Rational Suicide ◽

Institutionalized Elderly ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Social Subscale ◽

Civil Status ◽

The Right ◽

Taking Action

The right to self-determination is central to the current debate on rational suicide in old age. The goal of this exploratory study was to assess the presence of self-determination in suicidal institutionalized elderly persons. Eleven elderly persons with serious suicidal ideations were matched according to age, sex, and civil status with 11 nonsuicidal persons. The results indicated that suicidal persons did not differ from nonsuicidal persons in level of self-determination. There was, however, a significant difference between groups on the social subscale. Suicidal elderly persons did not seem to take others into account when making a decision or taking action. The results are discussed from a suicide-prevention perspective.

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Interactive Effect of Dispositional Cognitive Avoidance, Magnitude of Threat, and Response Efficacy on the Persuasive Impact of Threat Communications

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000077 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 94-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Steffen Nestler ◽

Boris Egloff

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Interactive Effect ◽

Cognitive Avoidance ◽

Effective Response ◽

Response Efficacy ◽

Internet Study ◽

High Threat

This internet study investigated the effect of individual differences in cognitive avoidance on the persuasive impact of threat communications. A total of 289 participants completed a measure of dispositional cognitive avoidance and read either a high- or a low-threat communication that provided either an effective response to reduce the threat or not. We found that cognitive avoidance did not moderate the effect of magnitude of threat when response efficacy was low. By contrast, cognitive avoidance was relevant when efficacy was high: After a high-threat message, low cognitive avoiders reported more favorable attitudes toward and intentions to adopt the action recommendation than high cognitive avoiders. Further analyses showed that severity perceptions mediate this effect of avoidance on attitudes and intentions. Individual differences in cognitive avoidance are thus an important moderator of the effectiveness of threat communications.

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