scholarly journals Adaptive-illumination STED nanoscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (37) ◽  
pp. 9797-9802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörn Heine ◽  
Matthias Reuss ◽  
Benjamin Harke ◽  
Elisa D’Este ◽  
Steffen J. Sahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Biological Imaging ◽  
The State ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Imaging Conditions ◽  
State Difference

The concepts called STED/RESOLFT superresolve features by a light-driven transfer of closely packed molecules between two different states, typically a nonfluorescent “off” state and a fluorescent “on” state at well-defined coordinates on subdiffraction scales. For this, the applied light intensity must be sufficient to guarantee the state difference for molecules spaced at the resolution sought. Relatively high intensities have therefore been applied throughout the imaging to obtain the highest resolutions. At regions where features are far enough apart that molecules could be separated with lower intensity, the excess intensity just adds to photobleaching. Here, we introduce DyMIN (standing for Dynamic Intensity Minimum) scanning, generalizing and expanding on earlier concepts of RESCue and MINFIELD to reduce sample exposure. The principle of DyMIN is that it only uses as much on/off-switching light as needed to image at the desired resolution. Fluorescence can be recorded at those positions where fluorophores are found within a subresolution neighborhood. By tuning the intensity (and thus resolution) during the acquisition of each pixel/voxel, we match the size of this neighborhood to the structures being imaged. DyMIN is shown to lower the dose of STED light on the scanned region up to ∼20-fold under common biological imaging conditions, and >100-fold for sparser 2D and 3D samples. The bleaching reduction can be converted into accordingly brighter images at <30-nm resolution.

scholarly journals Recovery and Restoration of Biloxi Marsh in the Mississippi River Delta

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3179
Author(s):  
G. Paul Kemp ◽  
Elizabeth C. McDade ◽  
John W. Day ◽  
Robert R. Lane ◽  
Nancye H. Dawers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
The State ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Regional Studies ◽  
Mississippi River Delta ◽  
Industry Data ◽  
River Deltas ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Restoration Measures ◽  
Different Levels

The State of Louisiana is leading an integrated wetland restoration and flood risk reduction program in the Mississippi River Delta. East of New Orleans, Biloxi Marsh, a ~1700 km2 peninsula jutting 60 km north toward the State of Mississippi is one of few Delta wetland tracts well positioned to dissipate hurricane surge and waves threatening the city’s newly rebuilt hurricane flood defenses. Both its location on the eastern margin of the Delta, and its genesis as the geologic core of the shallow water St. Bernard/Terre aux Boeuf sub-delta, which was the primary Mississippi outlet for almost 2000 years, make Biloxi Marsh attractive for restoration, now that the Mississippi River Gulf Outlet deep-draft ship channel has been dammed, and 50 years of impacts from construction and operation have abated. Now, the cascade of ecosystem damage it caused can be reversed or offset by restoration projects that leverage natural recovery and increased access to suspended sediment from the Mississippi River. Biloxi Marsh is (1) geologically stable, (2) benefiting from increased input of river sediment, and (3) could be restored to sustainability earlier and for a longer period than most of the rest of the submerging Mississippi Delta. The focus of this review is on the Biloxi Marsh, but it also provides a template for regional studies, including analysis of 2D and 3D seismic and other energy industry data to explore why existing marshes that look similar on the ground or from the air may respond to restoration measures with different levels of success. Properties of inherent durability and resilience can be exploited in restoration project selection, sequencing and expenditure. Issues encountered and investigative methods applied in the Biloxi Marsh are likely to resonate across initiatives now contemplated to sustain valuable river deltas worldwide.

Light intensity and the oestrous cycle in albino and normally pigmented mice

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Donnelly ◽  
Palle Saibaba
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
The Difference

The effects of light intensity (15-20 lux & 220-290 lux) on the oestrous cycle of albino and normally pigmented mice were examined. The oestrous cycle of both types of mice was shorter at the lower intensity but the difference was significant only with the black mice. The proportion of albino mice from which embryos were recovered was significantly smaller than the proportion of black mice at 15-20 lux but not at 220-290 lux. No significant differences due to strain or light intensity were found in the number of embryos recovered. We conclude that pigmented mice respond in the same way as albino mice to changes in light intensity within the range normally found in laboratory animal accommodation. That is, increased light intensity prolongs the oestrous cycle and the period of vaginal cornification.

Der Übergang der Elektronenlawine in den Kanalaufbau bei hoher Überspannung in Stickstoff (mit geringem CH4-Zusatz)

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 587-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tholl
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Space Charge ◽  
The State ◽  
Electron Avalanche

The transition of an electron avalanche into streamers directed both to the anode and to the cathode was observed in nitrogen (low amounts of methan added). The light intensity emitted by the streamers was photographed by means of a camera and simultaneously registered by photomultiplier technique. By comparison of photographs and oscillograms the streamer velocities could be determined to be vAK=1·108 cm/sec and vKK=3,1·108 cm/sec for the anode-directed streamer and the cathode-directed streamer respectively. Further it was found that the development of the anode directed streamer already begins in the state of reduced carrier amplification owing to the space charge of the avalanche itself.

Studies on the biting habits of East African mosquitos in the genera Uranotaenia, Ficalbia and Hodgesia

1963 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Haddow ◽  
Yovani Ssenkubuge
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
East African ◽  
Dense Vegetation ◽  
Biting Behaviour

Mosquitos in the genera Uranotaenia and Ficalbia seldom bite man. In Africa, only two species, U. alboabdominalis Theo. and F. plumosa, (Theo.), have been taken actually engorging on man, though others may occasionally alight on the skin.Hodgesia cyptopus Theo. bites man freely in forest, bush and plantations near Entebbe, Uganda, and sometimes enters houses.The bimodal nature of the biting cycle of H. cyptopus in certain series of catches led to an investigation of the daily march of light intensity near the forest floor. It was found that at least in some areas this is bimodal, with a midday period of lower intensity—a pattern reflected in the biting behaviour of various forest mosquitos.Though always diurnal, the biting cycle of H. cyptopus varies in form from station to station. It is thought that light intensity is of importance, and that this species probably bites in or around the small splashes of sunlight which penetrate the dense vegetation.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF A FRAMEWORK FOR IMPLEMENTING 3D SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE IN OMAN – ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W9 ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
K. Al Kalbani ◽  
A. Abdul Rahman ◽  
T. Al Awadhi ◽  
F. Alshannaq
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Spatial Data Infrastructure ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
2D And 3D

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The paper reviews that there are several issues and challenges in order to implement full 2D and 3D Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) in Oman. The state of current 2D SDI and 3D geospatial data has been investigated. Currently, Oman has made noticeable progress in 2D SDI but not yet in 3D domain. To date, there are no serious efforts and initiatives by the authority to materialize the 3D SDI. This paper ends by describing a framework for implementing the 3D SDI. We expect, these issues and challenges of 3D SDI in Oman can prompt better services for several potential users.</p>

Comparing coherent and spontaneous Raman scattering under biological imaging conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Cui ◽  
Brandon R. Bachler ◽  
Jennifer P. Ogilvie
Keyword(s):  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Biological Imaging ◽  
Spontaneous Raman Scattering ◽  
Imaging Conditions

scholarly journals CDeep3M - Plug-and-Play cloud based deep learning for image segmentation of light, electron and X-ray microscopy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias G Haberl ◽  
Christopher Churas ◽  
Lucas Tindall ◽  
Daniela Boassa ◽  
Sebastien Phan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Segmentation ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Biological Imaging ◽  
Network Architectures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Biological Images ◽  
3D Microscopy ◽  
Amazon Web Services ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Community Access

AbstractAs biological imaging datasets increase in size, deep neural networks are considered vital tools for efficient image segmentation. While a number of different network architectures have been developed for segmenting even the most challenging biological images, community access is still limited by the difficulty of setting up complex computational environments and processing pipelines, and the availability of compute resources. Here, we address these bottlenecks, providing a ready-to-use image segmentation solution for any lab, with a pre-configured, publicly available, cloud-based deep convolutional neural network on Amazon Web Services (AWS). We provide simple instructions for training and applying CDeep3M for segmentation of large and complex 2D and 3D microscopy datasets of diverse biomedical imaging modalities.

scholarly journals Foraging behavior of Melipona rufiventris Lepeletier (Apinae; Meliponini) in Ubatuba, SP, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
AO. Fidalgo ◽  
AMP. Kleinert
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Foraging Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Pollen Loads ◽  
Brood Comb ◽  
Length Of The Day

This study describes how the foraging activity of Melipona rufiventris is influenced by the environment and/or by the state of a colony. Two colonies were studied in Ubatuba, SP (44° 48’ W and 23° 22’ S) from July/2000 to June/2001. These colonies were classified as strong (Colony 1) and intermediate (Colony 2) according to their general conditions: population and brood comb size and number of food pots. The bees were active from dawn to dusk. The number of pollen loads presented a positive correlation with relative humidity (r s = 0.401; p <0.01) and was highest between 70 and 90%. However, it was negatively correlated with temperature (r s = -0.228; p <0.01) showing a peak between 18 and 23 °C. The number of nectar loads presented a positive correlation with temperature (r s = 0.244; p <0.01) and light intensity (r s = 0.414; p <0.01); it was greater between 50 and 90% of relative humidity and 20 and 30 °C of temperature. They collected more nectar than pollen throughout the day, and were more active between 6 and 9 hours. Workers from Colony 1 (strong) collected nectar in greater amounts and earlier than those from Colony 2 (intermediate). The number of pollen, nectar and resin loads varied considerably between the study days. Peaks of pollen collection occurred earlier in months with longer days and in a hotter and more humid climate. The foraging behavior of M. rufiventris is probably affected by the state of the colony and by environmental conditions, notably temperature, relative humidity, light intensity and length of the day.

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