Anthracnose resistance induction in chilli by electron beam irradiation.

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Vichai Puripunyavanich ◽  
Penjan Sutthanukul ◽  
Rakchai Kurubunjerdjit ◽  
Prartana Kewsuwan
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
Mutant Population ◽  
Resistance Induction ◽  
Anthracnose Resistance ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Resistance Tests

Abstract Chilli seeds were irradiated with 0.3 kGy at 8 MeV from the electron beam source at the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology. M1 seeds were planted in Sukhothai Horticultural Research Centre and from these the line CA1131 was selected as suitable for growing in this area. Thirty anthracnose-resistant M2 chilli plants were selected after the appearance of anthracnose disease, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, in Sukhothai province from an initial M1 mutant population of 123 individuals. However, chilli fruits from 17 plants showed resistance after laboratory inoculation experiments. These chilli plants were crossed with the 'Hoarue Huaisai', which has large fruit. The F2 progenies were selected for anthracnose resistance and large fruits. Two hybrids with anthracnose resistance (derived from the cross CA1131 × 'Hoarue Huaisai') were identified and used for field anthracnose resistance tests in 2015. Resistant plants with large fruits were discovered in the F3 inbred line no. 6-1-4 grown during the dry season, but this line did not show strong disease resistance in the rainy season. A further 63 F5 inbred lines showed anthracnose resistance in the field experiment. Five samples per line of each of the 63 inbred lines were inoculated in the laboratory at Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology. The fruits of inbred line no. 32-2-8 showed complete anthracnose resistance and seven lines were segregating as resistant. All eight of these lines are being used in the ongoing chilli project aimed at developing chilli varieties with broad resistance to anthracnose caused by three Colletotrichum species that are prevalent in Thailand.

The ffs Allele Conditions Flower Stem Fasciation in Red Beet

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 527f-528
Author(s):  
I.L. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Recessive Character ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Flower Stem

A fasciated flower stem character arose spontaneously during development of the red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) inbred line W411. The fasciated character is manifest by a flattened flower stem with petioles coalesced into a twisted, ribbonlike appearance. No fasciation is present in the vegetative stem or petioles. An inheritance study was conducted to determine the genetic control of flower stem fasciation. The inbred line W411 was used both as a male and female parent in crosses with four red beet inbred lines. Segregating progenies in both the BC1 and F2 generations were developed and scored for the fasciated flower stem character. Variable expression of the fasciated flower stem phenotype was observed in these progenies; however, the presence of flattened flower stems at the stem/hypocotyl junction was unequivocal. Chi-square goodness-of-fit tests in both the BC1 and F2 generations did not deviate significantly from expected ratios for a monogenic recessive character for each genetic background. No reciprocal differences were detected for any cross in this group of four inbred lines, which suggests the lack of maternal effect for the fasciated character. The symbol ffs is proposed to describe the genetic control of the fasciated flower stem phenotype.

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Yield and Quality of Garlic cv. Yamuna Safed-3

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
A B Priyanshu ◽  
M K Singh ◽  
Mukesh Kumar ◽  
Vipin Kumar ◽  
Sunil Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Horticultural Research

An experiment was conducted at Horticultural Research Centre, SVP University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut (UP) during Rabi season of 2018-19 to assess the impact of different INM doses on yield and quality parameters of garlic. A total of ten treatments consisting of combinations of inorganic fertilizers, organic fertilizers and bio-fertilizers like T1- (Control), T2RDF (100:50:50 kg NPK ha-1), T3-RDF + 20 kg sulphur + FYM 20 ton ha-1, T4- RDF + 20 kg sulphur + VC 4 ton ha-1, T5- 75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + 5 ton FYM ha-1+ PSB 5 kg ha-1, T6-75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + 2 ton VC + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1, T7- 75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 3 ton + VC 1 ton+ PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5kg ha-1, T8- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 5 ton + VC2 ton + PSB 5 kg ha-1, T9- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM5 ton + VC 2 ton+ Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1and T10- 50% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM 5 ton + VC2 ton + PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1 were used in Randomized Block Design and replicated thrice. Out of these an application of T7 (75% RDF + 40 kg sulphur + FYM3 ton + VC 1 ton ha-1 + PSB 5 kg + Azotobacter 5 kg ha-1) was found to be significantly superior in term of yield and attributing parameters of garlic.

scholarly journals Inbreeding and thermal adaptation in Drosophila subobscura

Genome ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 481-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Zivanovic ◽  
Conxita Arenas ◽  
Francesc Mestres
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Line ◽  
Thermal Adaptation ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Drosophila Subobscura ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Line Number ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Significant Line

Using a well-adapted Drosophila subobscura population (Avala, Serbia), a drastic experiment of inbreeding was carried out to assess whether the expected level of homozygosity could be reached or if other evolutionary forces affected the process. In general, no significant changes of inversion (or arrangement) frequencies were detected after 12 brother–sister mating generations. Furthermore, no significant differences were obtained between observed and expected (under the inbreeding model) karyotypic frequencies. Thus, these results seemed to indicate that the main evolutionary factor in the experiment was inbreeding. However, in the G12 generation, complete chromosomal fixation was reached only in two out of the eight final inbred lines. In these lines, the chromosomal compositions were difficult to interpret, but they could be likely a consequence of adaptation to particular laboratory conditions (constant 18 °C, food, light period, etc.). Finally, in a second experiment, the inbred lines presented higher fertility at 18 °C than at 13 °C. Also, there was a significant line effect on fertility: inbred line number 6 (A1, J1, U1+2; U1+2+6, E8, and O3+4+7) presented the highest values, which maybe the result of an adaptation to laboratory conditions. Thus, the results obtained in our experiments reflect the adaptive potential of D. subobscura inversions.

Overview on Fusion Nuclear Technology Experimental Testing

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavomir Entler ◽  
Jan Kysela
Keyword(s):  
Eutectic Alloy ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Neutron Field ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Nuclear Technology ◽  
High Heat Flux ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Experimental Facilities

Research Centre Rez in the Czech Republic has carried out a number of research and development activities on the nuclear technology of the fusion reactor International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). These contributions have led to the development of numerous experimental facilities. The initial experimental research related to ITER was focused on the technology of the LiPb eutectic alloy, and a production unit and technological channel were constructed. At a later time, material tests were performed in the neutron field of the LVR-15 research nuclear reactor. Interactions of EUROFER 97 and the LiPb eutectic alloy were examined in in-pile and out-pile tests, and the technology of the LiPb was developed. First wall mock-ups were in-pile and out-pile tested under high heat flux (HHF) cycle loads. At present, a full-size mock-up of the ITER Test Blanket System (TBS) and an HHF testing complex are constructed. This paper provides an overview of the research activities and experimental facilities.

scholarly journals Stability Assessment of Single-Cross Maize Hybrids Using GGE-Biplot Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
L. Musundire ◽  
J. Derera ◽  
S. Dari ◽  
A. Lagat ◽  
P. Tongoona
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
South African ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Gge Biplot ◽  
Single Cross ◽  
Ideal Genotype ◽  
Single Cross Hybrids

Grain yield potential of new maize hybrid varieties across target environments contributes to the uptake of these varieties by farmers. Evaluation of single-cross hybrids developed from test crossing introgressed inbred lines bred for three distinct environments to elite tropical inbred line testers was carried out. The study’s objective was to assess grain yield stability and genotype adaptability of the single-cross hybrids across South African environments relative to adapted commercial hybrid checks. One hundred and twenty-two introgressed inbred lines developed using the pedigree breeding program were crossed to four tropical elite inbred line testers using line × tester mating design to obtain 488 experimental single cross hybrids. Subject to availability of adequate seed for evaluation, a panel of 444 experimental single-cross hybrids was evaluated using an augmented design in two experiments defined as Population A and B for the study’s convenience in South African environments. Data for grain yield (t/ha) performance for experimental single-cross hybrids and commercial check hybrids in Population A and B across environments and individual environments identified experimental single-cross hybrids that had significant comparable grain yield (t/ha) performance relative to best commercial check hybrid (PAN6Q445B) on the market. The selected experimental single-cross hybrids 225, 89, 246 and 43 (Population A) and 112 (Population B) also had a better average rank position for grain yield (t/ha) relative to best commercial check hybrid. These selected experimental single-cross hybrids had a grain yield (t/ha) advantage range of 0.9-6.7% for Population A and 7.3% for Population A and B, respectively, relative to the adapted commercial check hybrid. GGE biplot patterns for which won-where for Population A indicated that at Potchefstroom Research Station and Ukulinga Research Station experimental single-cross hybrids 127 and135 were the vertex (winning) hybrids. Cedera Research Station did not have a vertex hybrid for Population A. For Population B, experimental single-cross hybrids 112, 117 and 18 were the vertex hybrids at Cedera Research Station, Ukulinga Research Station and Potchefstroom Research Station, respectively. Experimental single-cross hybrid 257 was identified as ideal genotype for Population A, while experimental single-cross hybrid 121 in Population B was the ideal genotype. Ideal environments were also identified as Ukulinga Research Station for Population A, and Cedera Research Station for Population B. Average-environment coordination (AEC) view of the GGE biplot in Population A indicated that experimental single-cross hybrids 1 was highly stable across environments. In comparison, Population B experimental single-cross hybrid 161 was highly stable across environments. In conclusion, selected single-cross hybrids in the current study can also be advanced for further evaluation with a possibility for identifying high yielding and stable single-cross hybrids for variety registration and release in target environments in South Africa.

scholarly journals Commercial-biological estimation of the Paeonia lactiflora Pall. variety from the genetic collection of the Orenburg branch of the Federal Horticultural Research Centre for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
E. M. Feshchenko ◽  
A. V. Kelina ◽  
A. I. Lokhova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Paeonia Lactiflora ◽  
Landscape Gardening ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Continental Climate

Peony lactiflorous (Paeonia lactiflora Pall) is one of the most common ornamental plants in commercial and amateur horticulture. The popularity of this species is explained by its adaptability to low temperatures in winter, high decorative value and the possibility of obtaining new sustainable varieties. This article presents data on 12 promising peony lactiflorous introduced varieties of the ornamental plant genetic collection of the Orenburg branch of the Federal Horticultural Research Centre for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery (FRC of Horticulture) (Akron, Albert Crousse, Betty Groff, Madame Emile Lemoine, Madame de Verneville, Maestro, Ruth Clay, Sarah Bernhardt, Tulagi, Valencia, Waikik, Cruiser Aurora). The research was performed in 2018–2020 using conventional methods. To evaluate the influence of the genotype and climatic factors on the real seed production, the data were statistically processed, including a two-way analysis of variance. Upon evaluating the decorativeness, commercial-biological characteristics, introduced stability, it was established that these varieties are suitable for landscape gardening in the Orenburg region. Considering the set of metrics (high decorative value, phenological resistance, introduced prospects, commercial-biological value, varietal features), the Madame Emile Lemoine (double-flowered shape, diameter of 17 cm) and Akron (Japanese flower shape, diameter of 16 cm) varieties offer the combination of the most favourable characteristics for the steppe zone of the South Urals owing to their distinct flower scent, folious shoots, abundant flowering lasting for 13 days and over 3 flowers in the flower spike. The above varieties are characterised by the greatest real seed production (1,727.33±91.8 and 1,767.56±90.8 seeds/bush, respectively), high decorative value, stable phenophase, adaptivity to the sharply continental climate. Thus, further breeding work is recommended. The described peony lactiflorous varieties are promising and recommended for landscape gardening.

scholarly journals Evaluation of CIMMYT maize (Zea mays L.) germplasm by tropical inbred testers

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
Uttam Chandel ◽  
BS Mankotia ◽  
KS Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Tropical Maize ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Heterotic Groups

Twenty five CIMMYT inbreds were crossed with four elite tropical maize testers. Results exhibited that one inbred line tester can select the top best lines from a large number of CIMMYT lines and two testers gave more reliable results than one tester did. However, when line × environment interaction was significant, selected lines by one tester in one environment were not necessarily same as those selected at another environment indicating thereby that different testers should be used for selecting best inbreds at different environments. This study also showed that inbred lines from different maize heterotic groups did not show any significant differences in identifying best CIMMYT germplasm DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v43i2.21661 Bangladesh J. Bot. 43(2): 131-139, 2014 (September)

scholarly journals Change in root apical protein and peroxidase activity in response to aluminum in tolerant and sensitive maize inbred lines

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Regina Prazeres de Souza ◽  
Vera Maria Carvalho Alves ◽  
Sidney Netto Parentoni ◽  
Antônio Carlos de Oliveira ◽  
Flávia França Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Anionic Peroxidase ◽  
Sensitive Line ◽  
Peroxidase Isoforms

The effects of a short-term (80 min) exposure to 222 µM aluminum (Al) on the protein content and expression and on peroxidase activity and isoenzymes in the primary root of maize were evaluated. Two inbred lines differing in their level of tolerance to Al were used: Cateto 237 (tolerant) and L36 (sensitive). The apical 20 mm of the primary root was divided into 2-mm-long segments that were analyzed for total protein content and peroxidase activity. These results demonstrate that the total protein content along the root apex was not affected by Al in the tolerant inbred line, but decreased in the sensitive line. In the apical 2 mm of the root of the sensitive line, the expression of low molecular weight proteins (43 kDa or smaller) was decreased. Expression of low molecular proteins increased in the tolerant inbred line, even though total protein content did not increase. This suggests that some of these proteins could play a role in metal tolerance, perhaps as binding peptides. While the peroxidase activity of the tolerant inbred line did not change with exposure to Al, peroxidase activity in the apical 6 mm of the root of the sensitive line decreased. The tolerant inbred line constitutively expressed more anionic peroxidase isoforms. These results demonstrate that maintenance of protein expression may be an important component of the plant's resistance to Al stress, and that resistance to Al stress is associated with the higher expression of anionic peroxidase isoforms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Fertilizer Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Temperature Distribution via Vertical Farming System under Plant Factory

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Ahmad S. S. Sulaiman ◽  
Mohammad A. Ahmad ◽  
Seri A. Hassim ◽  
Muhamad S. A. Azman
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Ph Monitoring ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Point Location ◽  
Vertical Farming ◽  
Plant Factory ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Horticultural Research

A plant factory has been developed at Horticultural Research Centre, MARDI Serdang. The cultivation approach under the plant factory consists of nine units planting racks with each rack having seven tiers or levels that can cultivate up to 900 crops per rack. Each unit of planting racks has been installed with electrical conductivity (EC) and pH monitoring system. EC is a meaningful indicator of water quality, soil salinity and fertilizer concentration. In this study, the data for EC and temperature were taken for each level different locations (three points along the rack) to evaluate the fertilizer quality distribution. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of EC and temperature distribution on the planting rack of vertical farming system under the plant factory. From the study, it was found that EC and temperature parameters were not significantly different at each level and the point location of the vertical farming system. EC and temperature parameters were significantly different with the time (week) and point location from week to week. The effect of the interaction between time (week) and level on EC and temperature parameters were not statistically different. Therefore, it can be concluded that the effect of EC and temperature distribution at different levels of the vertical farming system did not depend on the time.

scholarly journals Inheritance of ffs, a Gene Conditioning Fasciated Flower Stem in Red Beet

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.L. Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Control ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Recessive Character ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Tests ◽  
Red Beet ◽  
Flower Stem

A fasciated flower stem character arose spontaneously during development of the red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) inbred line W411. The fasciated character is manifest by a flattened flower stem with petioles coalesced into a twisted, ribbonlike appearance. No fasciation is present in the vegetative stem or petioles. An inheritance study was conducted to determine the genetic control of flower stem fasciation. The inbred line W411 was used both as a male and female parent in crosses with four red beet inbred lines. Segregating progenies in both the BC1 and F2 generations were developed and scored for the fasciated flower stem character. Variable expression of the fasciated flower stem phenotype was observed in these progenies; however, the presence of flattened flower stems at the stem-hypocotyl junction was unequivocal. Chisquare goodness-of-fit tests in the BC1 and F2 generations did not deviate significantly from expected ratios for a monogenic recessive character for each genetic background. No reciprocal differences were detected for any cross in this group of four inbred lines, which suggests the lack of maternal effect for the fasciated character. The symbol ffs is proposed to describe the genetic control of the fasciated flower stem phenotype.

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