scholarly journals Relationships between copper, zinc and iron in the plasma, soft tissues and skeleton of the rat during Cu deficiency

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begona Alfaro ◽  
F. W. Heaton
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Depletion Period ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Hypertrophy Of The Heart

1. The effect of dietary copper deficiency on the distribution of Cu, zinc and iron between plasma, various soft tissues and bone was investigated in weanling male rats.2. The concentration of Cu decreased in plasma, liver, kidney and femur, and the concentration in plasma correlated with that in all three organs. The total amount of Cu in the liver was reduced over the whole depletion period and a net loss from kidney also occurred over a shorter period, indicating that liver and, to a lesser extent, kidney both provide a mobilizable reserve of Cu.3. Animals in galvanized cages developed Cu deficiency more rapidly than similar rats in stainless-steel cages owing to Zn aggravating the depletion. Zn accumulated in the liver and femur of Cu deficient rats, particularly when they were housed in galvanized cages.4. Cu-deficient animals accumulated Fe in the liver, but had reduced concentrations in plasma, kidney and spleen. The hypertrophy of the heart and bone-marrow observed in Cu-deficient rats appeared to be secondary to the anaemia resulting from this impaired mobilization of hepatic Fe.

Aortic lesions in copper deficiency: Modification by dietary carbohydrates

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 358-359
Author(s):  
U. Bielenberg
Keyword(s):  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrates ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Serum Ceruloplasmin ◽  
Hepatic Copper ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Feeding Diets ◽  
Ceruloplasmin Activity ◽  
Simple Carbohydrate

Copper deficiency can cause cardiovascular lesions in experimental animals. Previous experiments have shown that the biochemical and itDrphologic lesions induced by deprivation of dietary copper can be suppressed by feeding diets containing starch or can be magnified by a high sucrose diet. In a recent study it was found that the more severe signs of copper deficiency in rats fed sucrose as compared to starch were due to the fructose moiety of sucrose. Although fructose as compared to starch markedly enhanced the symptoms of copper deficiency, the possibility that an effect of dietary carbohydrates due to the nature of the simple carbohydrate (fructose vs glucose) cannot be excluded. The present study was designed to determine if the severity of copper deficiency in rats fed sucrose as compared to starch is due to the glucose as well as the fructose moiety of sucrose. This portion of the study assessed the morphologic changes in aortas of seventy weanling male rats who were fed, for 9 weeks, copper deficient or copper supplemented diets containing either 62% starch, fructose or glucose. The starch-fed copper supplemented group served as the most normal controls. Rats were sacrificed after 9 weeks of dietary treatments. Copper deficiency was verified by reduced serum ceruloplasmin activity and serum and hepatic copper concentration.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary copper deficiency on male offspring of heterozygous brindled mice

1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Prohaska
Keyword(s):  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Menkes Disease ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
C57bl Mice ◽  
Brindled Mouse ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Cell Volumes ◽  
Brindled Mice

Female C57BL mice heterozygous for the brindled gene were mated to normal males and fed on a purified diet low in copper throughout gestation and lactation with (+ Cu) or without (−Cu) Cu-supplemented drinking water. Male offspring of two genotypes (control, + /y and brindled, Mobr/y) were compared when 10–12 d old. Brindled mice from dams on the – Cu treatment were smaller and had lower packed cell volumes than brindled mice from dams on the + Cu treatment. The −Cu brindled mice were smaller than their littermate brothers (+/y) but had equivalent biochemical features consistent with severe Cu deficiency. Compared with control mice from dams on the +Cu treatment, caeruloplasmin (EC1.16.3.1) activity was lower in offspring of all three other groups including Mobr/y mice who were not anaemic. Iron levels were similar in organs and bone marrow from all four groups of offspring. When dietary Cu is limiting in brindled mice a more severe Cu deficiency ensues. Thus, appropriate Cu nutriture is important to the management of Menkes' disease in humans, a genetic analogue of the brindled mouse.

Effect of dietary copper and zinc levels on tissue copper, zinc, and iron in male rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl L. Keen ◽  
Nancy H. Reinstein ◽  
Jo Goudey-Lefevre ◽  
Michael Lefevre ◽  
Bo Lönnerdal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Zinc Levels

scholarly journals The subcellular distribution of copper, zinc and iron in liver and kidney. Changes during copper deficiency in the rat

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begoña Alfaro ◽  
F. W. Heaton
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Distribution ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Microsomal Fraction ◽  
Supernatant Fraction ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Fe Content ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
And Control

1. The subcellular distribution of copper, zinc and iron was investigated in liver and kidney homogenates from Cu-deficient and control rats. The supernatant fraction contained most Cu and Zn in control animals, but the highest proportion of Fe was in the microsomal fraction.2. Cu deficiency reduced the concentration of the metal in all fractions, but the depletion was most severe and developed most rapidly in the supernatant fraction, indicating that the soluble cytoplasm is the site of Cu storage in the cell. The Fe content of the liver increased during Cu deficiency with Fe being deposited preferentially in the mitochondria.3. All the Cu and most of the Zn in liver and kidney supernatant fractions occurred in four protein-containing fractions that were of similar molecular weights in both organs. A fraction of molecular weight 30000 was primarily concerned with Cu storage in mature rats.4. The reduction in liver Zn during Cu deficiency appeared to be the result of impaired intestinal absorption and it is suggested that a small amount of Cu facilitates the absorption of Zn.

Disregulatory shifts in the red blood system during prolonged intoxication with copperzinc-pyrite ore (experimental study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-230
Author(s):  
Klara R. Ziyakaeva ◽  
Aliya F. Kayumova ◽  
Valentina G. Shamratova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Zinc Powder ◽  
Blood System ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Copper Zinc

Introduction. Heavy metal compounds of copper-zinc pyrite ores can negatively affect the blood-forming and composition of peripheral blood of workers at mining and milling industry. Studying of the mechanisms of the development of metal-induced anemia will help in the search of ways to correct disorders in the red blood system. The study aims to estimate the mechanism of functional disorders of the central and peripheral parts of erythron in the long-term intoxication of natural heavy metal compounds in the experiment. Material and methods. The work was carried out on 50 white non-linear male rats weighing 220,5±15,5 g. Sample of the studied ore was provided by Uchalinsky Mining and Refining Plant (Uchaly, Bashkortostan Republic, Russia). The rats were given a water suspension of copper-zinc powder daily for 90 days for 1 hour before feeding, the dose was calculated on the basis of the maximum allowable concentration of lead (0,2-0,5 mg/kg) and cadmium (0,02-0,1 mg/kg) in grain and bread. The number of red blood cells, reticulocytes, hemoglobin and the concentration of erythropoietin were determined in the peripheral blood. Bone marrow erythropoiesis was evaluated by the quantitative and qualitative composition of erythroblastic islets (EI) and indicators of proliferation and maturation of erythroblasts in the EI. Statistical analysis was conducted using Mann-Whitney's non-parametric methods and Pearson's paired correlation. Results. On the 10th day young EI completely disappeared in the bone marrow, and erythropoiesis was supported only by reconstruction. In the peripheral blood the number of erythropoietin decreased by 22%, the number of reticulocytes doubled. The number of mature EI in the bone marrow was doubled by 30 days. By 90 days the number of reticulocytes in the blood returned to normal, but in the bone marrow the content of young forms of EI was 5 times less than the control values. Correlational analysis showed the absence of direct links between the central and peripheral parts of erythron in animals with chronic intoxication of copper-zinc pyrite ore, that present in the control group. Conclusion. With long-term combined exposure with heavy metals of natural origin, regulatory processes in the red blood system are disrupted, that is accompanied with inhibition of erythropoiesis in the EI.

scholarly journals Pancytopenia in a child with cystic fibrosis and severe copper deficiency: Insight from bone marrow evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie D. Seblani ◽  
Susanna A. McColley ◽  
Shunyou Gong ◽  
Lee M. Bass ◽  
Sherif M. Badawy
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Bone Marrow Evaluation

scholarly journals Dietary Copper/Zinc Ratio and Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Women: The E3N Cohort Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2502
Author(s):  
Nasser Laouali ◽  
Conor-James MacDonald ◽  
Sanam Shah ◽  
Douae El Fatouhi ◽  
Francesca Romana Mancini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Copper Zinc

The serum copper (Cu) to zinc (Zn) ratio could be an important determinant of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk, but prospective epidemiological data are scarce. We aimed to investigate the association between T2D incidence and the dietary Cu/Zn ratio. A total of 70,991 women from the E3N cohort study were followed for 20 years. The intakes of copper and zinc were estimated at baseline using a validated food frequency questionnaire. We identified and validated 3292 incident T2D cases. Spline analysis showed that a Cu/Zn ratio < 0.55 was associated with a lower risk of T2D. Subgroup analyses comparing women in the highest versus the lowest quintile of Cu/Zn ratio showed the same pattern of association for obese women and those with zinc intake ≥8 mg/day. However, for women with zinc intake <8 mg/day, higher Cu/Zn ratio appeared to be associated with higher T2D risk. Our findings suggest that a lower dietary Cu/Zn ratio is associated with a lower T2D risk, especially among obese women and women with zinc intake >8 mg/day. Further studies are warranted to validate our results.

scholarly journals Analysis of sex differences in dietary copper-fructose interaction-induced alterations of gut microbial activity in relation to hepatic steatosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Song ◽  
Fang Yuan ◽  
Xiaohong Li ◽  
Xipeng Ma ◽  
Xinmin Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Rrna Sequencing

Abstract Background Inadequate copper intake and increased fructose consumption represent two important nutritional problems in the USA. Dietary copper-fructose interactions alter gut microbial activity and contribute to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study is to determine whether dietary copper-fructose interactions alter gut microbial activity in a sex-differential manner and whether sex differences in gut microbial activity are associated with sex differences in hepatic steatosis. Methods Male and female weanling Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed ad libitum with an AIN-93G purified rodent diet with defined copper content for 8 weeks. The copper content is 6 mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg in adequate copper diet (CuA) and marginal copper diet (CuM), respectively. Animals had free access to either deionized water or deionized water containing 10% fructose (F) (w/v) as the only drink during the experiment. Body weight, calorie intake, plasma alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and liver histology as well as liver triglyceride were evaluated. Fecal microbial contents were analyzed by 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) sequencing. Fecal and cecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results Male and female rats exhibit similar trends of changes in the body weight gain and calorie intake in response to dietary copper and fructose, with a generally higher level in male rats. Several female rats in the CuAF group developed mild steatosis, while no obvious steatosis was observed in male rats fed with CuAF or CuMF diets. Fecal 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed distinct alterations of the gut microbiome in male and female rats. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) identified sex-specific abundant taxa in different groups. Further, total SCFAs, as well as, butyrate were decreased in a more pronounced manner in female CuMF rats than in male rats. Of note, the decreased SCFAs are concomitant with the reduced SCFA producers, but not correlated to hepatic steatosis. Conclusions Our data demonstrated sex differences in the alterations of gut microbial abundance, activities, and hepatic steatosis in response to dietary copper-fructose interaction in rats. The correlation between sex differences in metabolic phenotypes and alterations of gut microbial activities remains elusive.

Dietary Copper Deficiency Increases the Mast Cell Population of the Rat

1994 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Schuschke ◽  
J. T. Saari ◽  
C. A. West ◽  
F. N. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Dietary Copper ◽  
Mast Cell Population
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