Gender differences in the intergenerational transmission of education in Spain: the role of parents’ employment status and education

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
José M. Pastor ◽  
Carlos Peraita ◽  
Ángel Soler
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission Of Education

Sex Education of the Visually Impaired Child: The Role of Parents

1986 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 675-680
Author(s):  
Clara Shaw Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Ego Identity ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Impaired Children

Sexuality is an integral part of one's self-concept. As such it effects mental health and social behaviors. Visually impaired children are deprived of the major mode of learning about gender differences and appropriate sexual conduct within our culture. Consequently, the primary caretaker or parents, who play a major role in the formation of a child's ego-identity, must reevaluate current social taboos against physical contact and generate naturalistic experiences to aid the child in the identification of gender differences, anatomical functioning, and interpersonal skills associated with expressing one's sexuality. Specific, age-appropriate intervention strategies for use within the family context are offered.

scholarly journals The intergenerational transmission of tobacco smoking—The role of parents’ long-term smoking trajectories

2010 ◽  
Vol 107 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Melchior ◽  
Jean-François Chastang ◽  
Dorene Mackinnon ◽  
Cédric Galéra ◽  
Eric Fombonne
Keyword(s):  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Role Of Parents

scholarly journals Early home-leaving (HL) and educational attainment − The moderating role of HL in the intergenerational transmission of education

2021 ◽  
pp. 000169932110289
Author(s):  
Hanna Remes ◽  
Outi Sirniö ◽  
Pekka Martikainen
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
Educational Disadvantage ◽  
Home Leaving ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission Of Education

Leaving the parental home is a key step in successful transitions to adulthood. Early home-leaving (HL) is associated with lower educational attainment, but the role of early versus later home-leaving in the intergenerational transmission of education has not been assessed in previous research. We used a longitudinal register-based total sample of families in Finland to examine whether the association between parental and offspring education differs between early (below age 19) and later home-leavers, including a comparison between early and later leaving siblings. We found the lower probability of completing any secondary degree among early leavers to be larger among those with lower-educated than higher-educated parents. In contrast, in continuing to tertiary-level education, the educational disadvantage among early leavers was much larger among offspring of the higher-educated parents. Differences by HL across levels of parental education persisted adjustment for other parental and childhood resources, although only modest evidence of moderation was found when comparing early and later leaving siblings. Our findings on weaker intergenerational transmission of education among early leavers with an advantaged background, and accumulation of disadvantage among early leavers with less advantaged background suggest that timing of HL has an independent role in educational inequalities.

The Role of Information in the Choice of IT as a Career

2011 ◽  
pp. 3345-3349
Author(s):  
Elizabeth G. Creamer
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Gender Equity ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Psychological Theories ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Professional Fields

Practitioners, researchers, and policy makers alike are puzzled by the continued intransigence to the integration of women to undergraduate and graduate majors, as well as occupation, in fields like engineering and information technology (IT). While strong advances in the direction of gender equity have been made in the last two decades in fields like biology and mathematics and in the professional fields of medicine and law, women only still represent about 20% of the undergraduate enrollments in engineering and computer science (NSF, 2000). This gender gap persists persist despite the near evaporation of evidence of gender differences in performance in these fields, such as in the dramatic narrowing of gender differences in the high school course taking patterns, including in advance placement courses (Clewell & Campbell, 2002). Gender differences in the enrollment in computer-related courses and out-of-class, informal programs in science and engineering persist, however (Volman & van Eck, 2001). Academics have used several major groups of theories to try to understand the reasons for women’s under-representation in IT and engineering. Social psychological theories are one of four major groupings of theoretical frameworks identified by Clewell and Campbell (2002). As compared to perspectives that seek biological or cognitive explanations for women’s disinclination to pursue careers in some fields, social-psychological theorists consider environmental, social, and attitudinal influences. Factors such as teachers’ and advisors’ attitudes and beliefs, pedagogical practices in the way math and sciences courses are taught, and the influence of parents and the media are some of the factors considered by social-psychological theorists (Clewell & Campbell, 2002). The research described in this entry belongs to the group of social-psychological theories that look to environmental, rather than individual, explanation for women’s underrepresentation in certain fields in science and engineering, including information technology. It considers the role of parents and the role of interactions with teachers, counselors, and important others in interest in a career in information technology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document