Changes in body mass and hydration status in judo athletes before and after a top-level competition: A descriptive case study

Adolescent judo athletes who train in tropical climates may be in a persistent state of dehydration because they frequently restrict fluids during daily training sessions to maintain or reduce their body weight and are not given enough opportunities to drink.Purpose:Determine the body hydration status of adolescent judo athletes before, immediately after, and 24 h after (24H) a training session and document sweat Na+ loss and symptoms of dehydration.Methods:Body mass and urine color and specific gravity (USG) were measured before, after, and 24 h after a training session in a high-heat-stress environment (29.5 ± 1.0°C; 77.7 ± 6.1% RH) in 24 adolescent athletes. Sweat sodium loss was also determined. A comparison was made between mid-pubertal (MP) and late pubertal (LP) subjects.Results:The majority of the subjects started training with a significant level of dehydration. During the training session, MP subjects lost 1.3 ± 0.8% of their pretraining body mass whereas LP subjects lost 1.9 ± 0.5% (P < .05). Sweat sodium concentration was 44.5 ± 23.3 mmol/L. Fluid intake from a water fountain was minimal. Subjects reported symptoms of dehydration during the session, which in some cases persisted throughout the night and the next day. The 24H USG was 1.028 ± 0.004 and 1.027 ± 0.005 g/mL for MP and LP, respectively.Conclusions:Adolescent judo athletes arrive to practice with a fluid deficit, do not drink enough during training, and experience symptoms of dehydration, which may compromise the quality of training and general well-being.

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Effects of caloric restriction on anthropometrical and specific performance in highly-trained university judo athletes

Arab Journal of Nutrition and Exercise (AJNE) ◽

10.18502/ajne.v3i3.3669 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 105 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lalia CHRARA ◽

RIAD A.Raoui ◽

Adel Belkadi ◽

Hocine ASLI ◽

Othman BENBERNOU

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Caloric Restriction ◽

Body Mass ◽

Weight Maintenance ◽

Food Record ◽

Fitness Test ◽

Before And After ◽

Judo Athletes ◽

And Performance ◽

The Impact

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine the ultimate body mass, performance, and nutritional characteristics of the Algerian judo junior athletes, and also analysing the impact of nutritional intakes on stabilising Weight loss according to special performance of judo athletes. Material:Twenty-one male university athletes (aged: 21.45 ± 1.32; height: 1.81 ± 0.45 m; and body mass: 73.9 ± 4.1 kg) participated in this study during a period of stabilising Weight loss before and after 15 days of caloric restriction. Athletes were submitted to anthropometrical measurements and performed the Special Judo Fitness Test. Values for nutrient intakes were obtained from a 15 day food record kept during a training camp period of Weight maintenance and after a 15-day caloric restriction.Results:caloric restriction resulted in significant decreases in body mass (73.73 ± 2.1) and performance. However, Special Judo Fitness Test index increased significantly (14.00 ± 1.75) during caloric restriction in comparison to stabilising Weight loss.Conclusion:Exercise and caloric restriction lead to determine the ultimate Weight and physical performance. The present study provides baseline nutritional data that can be used in the prescription of individual training programs for university judo Athletes.

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Amateur and Professional Ice Hockey Player Hydration Status and Urine Specific Gravity Values Before and After Training in Winter Conditions

LASE Journal of Sport Science ◽

10.1515/ljss-2016-0032 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 53-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lilita Ozoliņa ◽

Inese Pontaga ◽

Igors Ķīsis

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

The Body ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

Urine Specific Gravity ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Fluid Loss ◽

Winter Conditions ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean

Abstract The aim of our investigation was to determine and compare the pre- and post- training body hydration status in professional and amateur male ice hockey players consumed the drinks according to their thirst sensation in winter conditions. Materials and methods: 11 amateur and 23 professional ice hockey players participated in the investigation. The players were weighted before and after training using precise scales. The body mass composition of every athlete was determined by the body composition analyzer. Every player collected mid–stream urine specimens before and after the training. Urine specific gravity (USG) was measured by urine refractometer. Results: 56% of the professional ice hockey players and 82% of amateur players were hypohydrated before training according to their USG values ≥ 1.020, 5% of professional players were dehydrated their USG values ≥ 1.030. After the training with duration of 1.5 hours the mean body mass decreased for 0.9±0.5% of pre– training value in amateur players and for 1.6±0.8% in professionals (p=0.005). After the training the professional players’ hydration status worsened: 66% were hypohydrated and 26% dehydrated according to USG, the mean USG after training was significantly higher than before it (p=0.011). USG after training did not change in amateur players: their mean USG values before and after training did not differed significantly (p=0.677). Conclusions: Fluid uptake according to thirst sensation in winter conditions cannot compensate the fluid loss at rest and during training especially in professional ice hockey players. The body mass loss exceeded value critical for performance - 2 % in one third part of professionals. The differences between two groups can be explained by higher intensity of exercises during training, the better physical conditioning and greater sweating rate in professional players in comparison with amateurs, which causes close to twice greater uncompensated fluid loss in professionals than in amateurs.

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Case Study: Nutrition and Hydration Status during 4,254 km of Running Over 78 Consecutive Days

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ◽

10.1123/ijsnem.23.5.533 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 533-541 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Sarah Dempster ◽

Rhiannon Britton ◽

Andrew Murray ◽

Ricardo J. S. Costa

Keyword(s):

Dietary Habits ◽

Endurance Performance ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Endurance Running ◽

Dietary Analysis ◽

Before And After ◽

Nutrition And Hydration ◽

Ultra Endurance

The aims of this study were to assess the dietary intake and monitor self-reported recovery quality and clinical symptomology of a male ultra-endurance runner who completed a multiday ultra-endurance running challenge covering 4,254 km from North Scotland to the Moroccan Sahara desert over 78 consecutive days. Food and fluid intakes were recorded and analyzed through dietary analysis software. Body mass (BM) was determined before and after running each day, and before sleep. Clinical symptomology and perceived recovery quality were recorded each day. Whole blood hemoglobin and serum ferritin were determined before and after the challenge. Total daily energy (mean ± SD: 23.2 ± 3.2MJ·day−1) and macronutrient intake (182 ± 31g·day−1 protein, 842 ± 115g·day−1 carbohydrate, 159 ± 55 g·day−1 fat) met consensus nutritional guidelines for endurance performance. Total daily water intake through foods and fluids was 4.8 ± 2.0L·day−1. Water and carbohydrate intake rates during running were 239 ± 143ml·h−1 and 56 ± 19g·h−1, respectively. Immediately after running, carbohydrate and protein intakes were 1.3 ± 1.0g·kg BM−1 and 0.4 ± 0.2g·kg BM−1, respectively. Daily micronutrient intakes ranged from 109 to 662% of UK RNIs. Prerunning BM was generally maintained throughout. Overall exercise-induced BM loss averaged 0.8 ± 1.0%; although BM losses of ≥ 2% occurred in the latter stages, a reflection of the warmer climate. Varying degrees of self-reported perceived recovery quality and clinical symptomology occurred throughout the challenge. This case study highlights oscillations in dietary habits along 78 consecutive days of ultra-endurance running, dependent on changes in ambient conditions and course topography. Nevertheless, nutrition and hydration status were maintained throughout the challenge. Despite dietary iron intake above RNI and iron supplementation, this alone did not prevent deficiency symptoms.

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How Under-Nutrition (Karshya) is Responded to Ayurvedic Treatment: A Case Study

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i40b32256 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 7-12

Author(s):

Lakshmi Devi Chauhan ◽

Sudhir Kumar Pani

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Single Case ◽

Substantial Improvement ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Anthropometric Measures ◽

Medication Therapy ◽

Before And After ◽

Ayurvedic Treatment

Despite numerous global sensible corrective attempts to provide nutrition, undernutrition (Kaarshya) remains one of the most pressing issues. The bulk of the population in underdeveloped nations is undernourished. It is one of the main causes of death and morbidity in both children and adults. One of the eight components of primary health care in the worldwide campaign for health for all is the promotion of appropriate diet. A person who is malnourished is prone to a slew of problems. It is a condition in which the body's fat and muscles are depleted. This is why it is critical to treat it to restore the body's normalcy. With its unique approach to lifestyle management and medication therapy, Ayurveda, with its holistic perspective, can aid with this disease. Swasthavritta (Community Medicine) has a part in Kaarshya management. Ashwagandhadi avaleha acts as an excellent nutritional treatment to alleviate the symptoms of Kaarshya in youngsters. As a result, Ayurvedic therapy for Kaarshya was arranged. After one month of treatment, the patient gained 1.5 kg of weight, and the next month, i.e., the follow-up period, the patient exhibited substantial improvement in weight growth. Other anthropometric measures improved as a result of the therapy. The assessment was carried out over two months. Aim: To study the effect of Ashwagandhadi avaleha on BMI and weight in karshya. Materials and Methods: This is a single case study on underweight female. Ashwagandhadi avaleha was given for two months. Anthropometric parameters such as weight, body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC) and mid-arm circumference (MAC) and subjective parameters were assessed before and after 2 months. Result: Significantly increased in weight i.e. 2Kg was observed after two months. Conclusion: Regular intake of Ashwagandhadi avaleha significantly increases weight and body mass index in Karshya.

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Carbohydrate exerts a mild influence on fluid retention following exercise-induced dehydration

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.91275.2008 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 108 (2) ◽

pp. 245-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Kristin L. Osterberg ◽

Shannon E. Pallardy ◽

Richard J. Johnson ◽

Craig A. Horswill

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

Urine Volume ◽

Fluid Retention ◽

Urine Specific Gravity ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Excessive Sweating ◽

Rehydration Solutions ◽

Before And After ◽

Postexercise Recovery ◽

Exercise Induced

Rapid and complete rehydration, or restoration of fluid spaces, is important when acute illness or excessive sweating has compromised hydration status. Many studies have investigated the effects of graded concentrations of sodium and other electrolytes in rehydration solutions; however, no study to date has determined the effect of carbohydrate on fluid retention when electrolyte concentrations are held constant. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of graded levels of carbohydrate on fluid retention following exercise-induced dehydration. Fifteen heat-acclimatized men exercised in the heat for 90 min with no fluid to induce 2–3% dehydration. After a 30-min equilibration period, they received, over the course of 60 min, one of five test beverages equal to 100% of the acute change in body mass. The experimental beverages consisted of a flavored placebo with no electrolytes (P), placebo with electrolytes (P + E), 3%, 6%, and 12% carbohydrate solutions with electrolytes. All beverages contained the same type and concentration of electrolytes (18 meq/l Na+, 3 meq/l K+, 11 meq/l Cl−). Subjects voided their bladders at 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 min, and urine specific gravity and urine volume were measured. Blood samples were taken before exercise and 30, 90, 180, and 240 min following exercise and were analyzed for glucose, sodium, hemoglobin, hematocrit, renin, aldosterone, and osmolality. Body mass was measured before and after exercise and a final body mass was taken at 240 min. There were no differences in percent dehydration, sweat loss, or fluid intake between trials. Fluid retention was significantly greater for all carbohydrate beverages compared with P (66.3 ± 14.4%). P + E (71.8 ± 9.9%) was not different from water, 3% (75.4 ± 7.8%) or 6% (75.4 ± 16.4%) but was significantly less than 12% (82.4 ± 9.2%) retention of the ingested fluid. No difference was found between the carbohydrate beverages. Carbohydrate at the levels measured exerts a mild influence on fluid retention in postexercise recovery.

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Effects of caloric restriction on anthropometrical and specific performance in highly-trained university judo athletes

Physical Education of Students ◽

10.15561/20755279.2019.0105 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 30-36

Author(s):

C. Lalia ◽

Alrawi R. Ali ◽

B. Adel ◽

H. Asli ◽

B. Othman

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Caloric Restriction ◽

Body Mass ◽

Weight Maintenance ◽

Food Record ◽

Fitness Test ◽

Before And After ◽

Judo Athletes ◽

And Performance ◽

The Impact

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the ultimate body mass, performance, and nutritional characteristics of the Algerian judo junior athletes, and also analysing the impact of nutritional intakes on stabilising Weight loss according to special performance of judo athletes. Material: Twenty-one male university athletes (aged: 21.45 ± 1.32; height: 1.81 ± 0.45 m; and body mass: 73.9 ± 4.1 kg) participated in this study during a period of stabilising Weight loss before and after 15 days of caloric restriction. Athletes were submitted to anthropometrical measurements and performed the Special Judo Fitness Test. Values for nutrient intakes were obtained from a 15 day food record kept during a training camp period of Weight maintenance and after a 15-day caloric restriction. Results : caloric restriction resulted in significant decreases in body mass (73.73 ± 2.1) and performance. However, Special Judo Fitness Test index increased significantly (14.00 ± 1.75) during caloric restriction in comparison to stabilising Weight loss. Conclusion: Exercise and caloric restriction lead to determine the ultimate Weight and physical performance. The present study provides baseline nutritional data that can be used in the prescription of individual training programs for university judo Athletes.

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The Effect Of Using Digital Storytelling On Students’ Intrinsic Motivation For Learning Vocabulary

Didaktis: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Pengetahuan ◽

10.30651/didaktis.v20i1.4336 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tri Jampi Setiyorini

Keyword(s):

Intrinsic Motivation ◽

Language Learning ◽

Digital Storytelling ◽

Key Factors ◽

Descriptive Case Study ◽

Motivation For Learning ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Academic Year

In elementary school, vocabulary is the key factors in language learning. However, many students still have a lack of intrinsic motivation in learning vocabulary. Thus, it affects their vocabulary mastery. To overcome this problem, the researcher uses the digital storytelling to improve students’ intrinsic motivation for learning vocabulary. This research aims at analyzing the effect of using digital storytelling on students’ intrinsic motivation for learning vocabulary and describing the benefits of digital storytelling to improve students’ intrinsic motivation for learning vocabulary. The type of this research is descriptive case study. The subjects of the study are 22 students of 2C of SD Teladan Yogyakarta in the academic year of 2017/2018. The researcher uses close-ended questionnaire and interview to collect the data. The study shows that there was significant difference before and after using digital storytelling towards students’ intrinsic motivation in learning vocabulary. From the result of the questionnaires, after using digital storytelling, students’ intrinsic motivation for learning vocabulary is higher. Based on the result of interviews, digital storytelling can improve students’ intrinsic motivation for learning vocabulary due to interesting media and exciting learning situation

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Sensory Perception of an Oral Rehydration Solution during Exercise in the Heat

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13103313 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 3313

Author(s):

Olivia Kitson ◽

Kay Rutherfurd-Markwick ◽

Andrew Foskett ◽

Jason Kai Wei Lee ◽

Charles Diako ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass ◽

Oral Rehydration Solution ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Oral Rehydration ◽

Beverage Samples ◽

Before And After ◽

Traditional Sports ◽

Flavored Water ◽

Rehydration Solution ◽

Hedonic Scale

Prolonged exercise in the heat elicits a number of physiological changes as glycogen stores are low and water and electrolytes are lost through sweat. However, it is unclear whether these changes provoke an increase in liking of saltiness and, therefore, palatability of an oral rehydration solution (ORS). Twenty-seven recreationally active participants (n = 13 males; n = 14 females) completed sensory analysis of an ORS, a traditional sports drink (TS), and a flavored water placebo (PL) at rest and during 60 min (3 × 20-min bouts) of cycling exercise at 70% age-predicted maximum heart rate (HRmax) at 35.3 ± 1.4 °C and 41 ± 6% relative humidity. Before and after every 20 min of exercise, drinks were rated (using 20-mL beverage samples) based on liking of sweetness, liking of saltiness, thirst-quenching ability, and overall liking on a nine-point hedonic scale. Hydration status was assessed by changes in semi-nude body mass, saliva osmolality (SOsm), and saliva total protein concentration (SPC). After 60 min of exercise, participants lost 1.36 ± 0.39% (mean ± SD) of body mass and there were increases in SOsm and SPC. At all time points, liking of sweetness, saltiness, thirst-quenching ability, and overall liking was higher for the TS and PL compared to the ORS (p < 0.05). However, the saltiness liking and thirst-quenching ability of the ORS increased after 60 min of exercise compared to before exercise (p < 0.05). There was also a change in predictors of overall liking with pre-exercise ratings mostly determined by liking of sweetness, saltiness, and thirst-quenching ability (p < 0.001), whereas only liking of saltiness predicted overall liking post-exercise (R2 = 0.751; p < 0.001). There appears to be a hedonic shift during exercise in which the perception of saltiness becomes the most important predictor of overall liking. This finding supports the potential use of an ORS as a valuable means of hydration during the latter stages of prolonged and/or intense exercise in the heat.

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Variability of Body Mass and Urine Specific Gravity in Elite Male Field Hockey Players During a Pre-Olympic Training Camp

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ◽

10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0121 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 46-50 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jason D. Vescovi ◽

Greig Watson

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Body Mass ◽

Fluid Replacement ◽

Urine Specific Gravity ◽

Hydration Status ◽

Intraindividual Variation ◽

Male Athletes ◽

Training Camp ◽

Hockey Players ◽

Before And After

This field-based observational study was designed to examine the intraindividual variation of first morning body mass and urine specific gravity (Usg) in male hockey players (n = 22) during a 10-day training camp. It was also designed to evaluate the prevalence and interrelationship of morning hypohydration and postmatch dehydration using Usg and changes in body mass, respectively. Body mass and Usg were measured upon waking; body mass was also measured before and after matches. Individual means, SD, and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated for morning body mass and Usg using 3, 6, and 8 days. Daily prevalence for euhydration and postmatch dehydration using morning Usg (<1.020) and changes in body mass (>−2%), respectively, were determined. Measurement of morning body mass and Usg for 3 days had low variability (CV < 1%) with no improvement at 6 or 8 days. Between 36% and 73% of players were considered euhydrated based on morning Usg. Postmatch body mass was reduced >1% in 50–85% of players, with up to 40% experiencing changes >−2%. Postmatch changes in body mass were unrelated to Usg the subsequent morning. These outcomes can be helpful in establishing criteria for detecting meaningful changes in morning body mass and Usg in similar settings, helping to monitor hydration status in elite male athletes. Despite ample fluid availability and consumption, many players experienced hypohydration and dehydration during the camp, indicating that careful monitoring and an individual fluid replacement approach are warranted in these environments.

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