Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer in the Context of the Mediterranean Diet: A Case-Control Study

Background: Functional constipation is often seen in children, affecting quality of life and imposing a considerable burden on health care services. The Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between functional constipation and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Turkish children aged 6–18 years. Methods: In this case–control study, 221 children with functional constipation (cases) were selected from a paediatric gastroenterology clinic between May 2018 and September 2019, and 230 children without constipation (controls) were randomly selected from those attending a well-child check-up. Cases and controls were matched on sex, age and socioeconomic characteristics. Compliance with the Mediterranean diet was assessed using the KIDMED index score. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to analyses the data. Results: KIDMED index scores in cases and controls were 4.0 (SD = 2.5) and 6.3 (SD = 2.4), respectively (P < 0.001). Odds ratios for functional constipation were 0.23 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.13–0.38) for KIDMED index score 4–7 and 0.05 (95% CI: 0.03–0.11) for score ≥ 8 compared with the lowest category (score ≤ 3; P < 0.001). A negative correlation was observed between age and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Conclusion: Good adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower risk of functional constipation, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreased with age. Education on nutrition and health is warranted to help maintain and improve the health of young people in Turkey.

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The mediating effect of Mediterranean diet on the relation between smoking and colorectal cancer: a case-control study

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/cks109 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 742-746 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

N. Kontou ◽

T. Psaltopoulou ◽

N. Soupos ◽

E. Polychronopoulos ◽

D. Xinopoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Control Study

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Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in relation to acute coronary syndrome or stroke nonfatal events: A comparative analysis of a case/case-control study

American Heart Journal ◽

10.1016/j.ahj.2011.07.012 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 162 (4) ◽

pp. 717-724 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Christina-Maria Kastorini ◽

Haralampos J. Milionis ◽

Aggeliki Ioannidi ◽

Kallirroi Kalantzi ◽

Vassilios Nikolaou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Comparative Analysis ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Control Study

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Mediterranean diet and non-fatal acute myocardial infarction: a case–control study from Italy

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980014000858 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 713-720 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Federica Turati ◽

Claudio Pelucchi ◽

Carlotta Galeone ◽

Delphine Praud ◽

Alessandra Tavani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

European Population ◽

First Episode ◽

High Consumption ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Control Study

AbstractObjectiveTo add epidemiological data on the association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet with non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a Southern European population.DesignHospital-based case–control study. Conformity to the traditional Mediterranean diet was assessed through a score (i.e. the Mediterranean diet score, MDS) based on nine dietary components (high consumption of vegetables, legumes, fruit and nuts, cereals, and fish and seafood; high ratio of monounsaturated to saturated lipids; low consumption of dairy and meat; and moderate alcohol consumption). The score ranged between 0 (lowest adherence) and 9 (highest adherence). The association of the MDS, or its components, with the risk of AMI was evaluated through multiple logistic regression models, controlling for potential confounding variables.SettingThe study was conducted in the greater Milan area (Italy) between 1995 and 2003.SubjectsSeven hundred and sixty patients with a first episode of non-fatal AMI and 682 controls.ResultsHigh consumption of vegetables and legumes were inversely associated with non-fatal AMI risk. As compared with MDS<4, the OR of non-fatal AMI were 0·85 (95 % CI 0·65, 1·12) for MDS of 4–5 and 0·55 (95 % CI 0·40, 0·75) for MDS≥6, with a trend in risk (P<0·01). Results were consistent in strata of selected risk factors and an apparently stronger association emerged for individuals with a lower BMI.ConclusionsThe Mediterranean diet is inversely associated with the risk of non-fatal AMI in this Southern European population.

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Inverse Association Between the Mediterranean Diet and COVID-19 Risk in Lebanon: A Case-Control Study

Frontiers in Nutrition ◽

10.3389/fnut.2021.707359 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Christine N. El Khoury ◽

Sofi G. Julien

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intake ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Western Diet ◽

Control Groups ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

And Control ◽

Control Study

Background: Since 2019, the world is confronting the COVID-19 public health crisis that deeply impacted all aspects of life, from the health sector to economy. Despite the advancement of research targeting pandemic containment measures, more strategies are still needed to alleviate the burden caused by this novel disease. In particular, optimal nutrition was proposed as a possible mitigating factor in the context of COVID-19. Indeed, the light is shed on balanced diets, such as the Mediterranean diet, which present the finest nutritional quality to support the immune system and other physiologic functions. In contrast, less varied diets that lack the needed nutrients and favor inflammation have been correlated with adverse health effects, including a hindered immune response, such as the western diet.Methods: This observational case control study aimed at exploring the possible associations between the different dietary patterns present among a sample of the Lebanese population and the COVID-19 occurrence and outcomes. An online survey collected information about the sociodemographic characteristics, health status, lifestyle, and dietary habits through the Mediterranean diet questionnaire and a semi-quantitative fod frequency questionnaire, and the COVID-19 infection and its burden. The sample consisted of 399 respondents divided into the case and control groups (37.6 and 62.4%, respectively) on the basis of the presence or absence of a COVID-19 infection history.Results: The participants in the case and control groups had average adherence to the Mediterranean diet and their dietary intake was closer to the western diet. However, the cases had a lower mean of the MedDiet score (p = 0.009). Food groups consumption analysis showed that this significant difference within the overall similar dietary patterns was due to a higher consumption of poultry and a trend toward decreased consumption of olive oil and increased read meat and alcohol intake among the cases. Additionally, gender influenced the levels of different foods' consumption. Nonetheless, the dietary intake did not impact the COVID-19 burden.Conclusion: It is recommended to adopt healthy food choices within the different dietary patterns for a better protection against COVID-19. These findings should be validated in larger-scale studies.

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