A longitudinal study on the stability over time of school and teacher effects on student outcomes

This 4-year longitudinal study explored the stability of dating violence (DV) during adolescence and the reciprocal associations between perpetration and victimization over time. Participants were 991 high school students (52.4% females; mean age at baseline = 14.80 years) from Bizkaia (Spain), who completed a measure of DV perpetration and victimization at four measurement points spaced 1 year apart. Findings evidenced stability of teen perpetration and victimization of DV, which appears to increase in late adolescence. Moreover, longitudinal reciprocal influences were demonstrated, but in general, the cross-lagged paths from one’s partner’s aggression to one’s own perpetration and vice versa were lower than the autoregressive paths obtained from stability. The model showed an adequate fit for both females and males, although some paths were significantly higher for the females than for the males. Preventive interventions should consider these findings about stability and longitudinal reciprocal associations of DV during adolescence.

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The longitudinal stability of rating characteristics in an EFL examination: Methodological and substantive considerations

Language Testing ◽

10.1177/0265532220940960 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 026553222094096

Author(s):

Iasonas Lamprianou ◽

Dina Tsagari ◽

Nansia Kyriakou

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

High Stakes ◽

Related Research ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Research Designs ◽

Two Measures ◽

Past Data ◽

Rater Severity ◽

The Stability ◽

Over Time

This longitudinal study (2002–2014) investigates the stability of rating characteristics of a large group of raters over time in the context of the writing paper of a national high-stakes examination. The study uses one measure of rater severity and two measures of rater consistency. The results suggest that the rating characteristics of individual raters are not stable. Thus, predictions from one administration to the next are difficult, although not impossible. In fact, as the membership of the group of raters changes from year to year, past data on rating characteristics become less useful. When the membership of the group of raters is retained, the community of raters develops more stable characteristics. However, “cultural shocks” (low retention of raters and large numbers of newcomers) destabilize the rating characteristics of the community and predictions become more difficult. We propose practical measures to increase the stability of rating across time and offer methodological suggestions for more efficient rater effect-related research designs and analyses.

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Assessment of trunk lateral flexion range of movement using a novel method in first class cricket players

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/564-20 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Nealon ◽

Jill Cook ◽

Sean Docking

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Test Reliability ◽

Lateral Flexion ◽

Range Of Movement ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Competitive Season ◽

The Stability ◽

Over Time

Abstract Objectives: Lateral flexion range of movement (LF ROM) is used to assess and monitor recovery of side strain injury in athletes. This study established a reliable and pragmatic measure of LF ROM and investigated the stability of the measure over time in athletes. Design: 1) Cross-sectional reliability study and 2) Cohort longitudinal study. Setting: Elite cricket teams in COUNTRY-AAA and COUNTRY-BBB Participants: Cricket players Methods: 1) The intra- and inter-rater reliability of two methods of measuring LF ROM were assessed (distance to the floor or distance to fibular head). Ten healthy first-class cricket bowlers were tested by three experienced physiotherapists. Intra-class correlations (2,1) were calculated for absolute agreement for all 3 testers. 2) Professional cricket fast bowlers were recruited from COUNTRY-AAA and COUNTRY-BBB domestic and international competitions. Lateral flexion range of movement was measured monthly during the pre- and competitive season. A one-way repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to identify difference within the pre-season, within the competitive season, and between competitive seasons. Main Outcome Measures: Lateral flexion range of movement towards and away from the bowling arm. Results: Both methods had good intra- and inter-test reliability (ICC>0.84). As LF ROM to the floor was easier for clinicians it was used for the longitudinal study. Lateral flexion range of movement did not significantly alter throughout the pre- and competitive season or between seasons (p>0.05). Conclusions: This new method of describing LF ROM demonstrates good intra- and inter-rater reliability and stability over time and can be used as an outcome measure in side-strain injury.

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The Stability of Daily Situation Experiences

10.31237/osf.io/ghpze ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Katherine M. Finnigan

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Individual Differences ◽

Individual Difference ◽

Sampling Method ◽

Daily Life ◽

Rank Order ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

The Stability ◽

And Behavior ◽

Over Time

How stable are people’s day-to-day lives? It is now well-established that personality traits and behavior are quite stable over time (Roberts & DelVecchio, 2000). Several theories of personality suggest that the stability of one’s environment contributes to the stability of personality. However, little is known about the extent to which features of people’s daily environments are stable. In this secondary analysis, I examined the rank-order stability of individual differences in features of daily situations in a 2-year longitudinal study of daily life (N = 387). I analyzed three waves of two-week Experience Sampling Method (ESM) assessments of daily situation experiences, personality states, and behavior. ESM open responses were also coded for the DIAMONDS characteristics in the first two waves of ESM assessment. Personality states were found to be stable from year-to-year (M Stability = .63). Situated experiences (e.g., familiarity) were found to be about as stable as personality states. Activities (e.g., at home) and the eight DIAMONDS characteristics were found to be less stable than personality and situated experiences, but still showed moderate stability. These findings suggest that situation experience may be a viable individual difference and that the stability of environments may contribute to the stability of behavior, and vice versa.

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There was no golden age: social mobility into cultural and creative occupations

10.31235/osf.io/7njy3 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Orian Brook ◽

Dave O'Brien ◽

Mark Taylor

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Social Mobility ◽

Golden Age ◽

Cultural Theory ◽

Creative Industries ◽

Future Research ◽

The Stability ◽

Cultural And Creative Industries ◽

Over Time

Cultural and creative industries are currently narrated as one of the greatest forces for openness and social mobility that Britain has (Hancock 2016). However, there is little, if any, evidence to support this position. Recent research has suggested the creative and cultural occupations are dominated by those from professional or managerial backgrounds (O’Brien et al 2016, Oakley et al 2017), with cultural theorists arguing this reflects declining rates of social mobility over time (Banks 2017). This paper provides the first empirical assessment of claims made by policy and cultural theory concerning changing patterns of social mobility into cultural and creative occupations. We use the England and Wales Longitudinal Study, along with three birth cohort studies, to offer the first analysis of social mobility into cultural and creative occupations over time. We demonstrate that: cultural and creative occupations have always been characterised by overrepresentations of those from privileged social origins, with little evidence of a classless meritocracy; rates of absolute social mobility are declining in these occupations, contradicting policymakers’ faith in a ‘meritocracy’ for talented individuals aiming to work in artistic and cultural jobs; this decline in absolute levels of social mobility is in contrast to the stability in relative social mobility, indicating there was no ‘golden age’ for social mobility into cultural occupations. These three points illustrate the importance of occupational perspectives on cultural and creative industries and the value of sociological analysis for public policy questions in this area. In particular, the lack of social fluidity in the occupations producing culture is a key issue for future public policy intervention. The paper concludes with suggestions for future research on longevity of cultural careers and the importance of gender using the Longitudinal Study dataset.

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On the Robustness of Solution Strategy Classifications

Journal of Individual Differences ◽

10.1027/1614-0001/a000012 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 68-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

María José Contreras ◽

Víctor J. Rubio ◽

Daniel Peña ◽

José Santacreu

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Study Strategies ◽

Solution Strategy ◽

Specific Test ◽

Spatial Tasks ◽

The Stability ◽

Strategy Changes ◽

Over Time

Individual differences in performance when solving spatial tasks can be partly explained by differences in the strategies used. Two main difficulties arise when studying such strategies: the identification of the strategy itself and the stability of the strategy over time. In the present study strategies were separated into three categories: segmented (analytic), holistic-feedback dependent, and holistic-planned, according to the procedure described by Peña, Contreras, Shih, and Santacreu (2008) . A group of individuals were evaluated twice on a 1-year test-retest basis. During the 1-year interval between tests, the participants were not able to prepare for the specific test used in this study or similar ones. It was found that 60% of the individuals kept the same strategy throughout the tests. When strategy changes did occur, they were usually due to a better strategy. These results prove the robustness of using strategy-based procedures for studying individual differences in spatial tasks.

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On the Stability of Evaluative Conditioning Effects

Social Psychology ◽

10.1027/1864-9335/a000150 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 380-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sabine Förderer ◽

Christian Unkelbach

Keyword(s):

Evaluative Conditioning ◽

Indirect Measures ◽

The Stability ◽

Over Time

Evaluative conditioning (EC) refers to valence changes in neutral stimuli (CSs) through repeated pairing with liked or disliked stimuli (USs). The present study examined the stability of EC effects in the course of 1 week. We investigated how this stability depends on memory for US valence and US identity. We also investigated whether CSs evaluations occurring immediately after conditioning (i.e., evaluative consolidation) are necessary for stable EC effects. Participants showed stable EC effects on direct and indirect measures, independent of evaluations immediately after conditioning. EC effects depended on memory for US valence but not for US identity. And although memory decreased significantly over time, EC effects remained stable. These data suggest that evaluative consolidation is not necessary, and that conditioned preferences and attitudes might persist even when people do not remember the concrete source anymore.

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The stability of cultural goal configurations in individuals over time and their impact on subjective well-being

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e619482011-035 ◽

2007 ◽

Author(s):

John H. Shaver

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

The Stability ◽

Over Time

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Multiple Selves and Multitasking: A Dynamic Longitudinal Study

Communication Research ◽

10.1177/0093650221991493 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009365022199149

Author(s):

Shan Xu ◽

Zheng Wang

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Daily Life ◽

The Self ◽

Daily Activities ◽

Self Concept ◽

Emotional Experiences ◽

Multiple Selves ◽

Dynamic Panel ◽

Over Time

This study integrates the theory of multiple selves within the theoretical framework of dynamic motivational activation (DMA) to identify the dynamic patterns of multiple self-concepts (i.e., the potential self, the actual self) in multitasking (e.g., primary and secondary activities) in daily life. A three-week experience sampling study was conducted on college students. Dynamic panel modeling results suggest that the self-concepts are both sustaining and shifting in daily activities and media activities. Specifically, the potential and actual selves sustained themselves over time in primary and secondary activities, but they also shifted from one to another to achieve a balance in primary activities over time. Interestingly, secondary activities were not driven by the alternative self-concept in primary activities, but instead, by the emotional experiences of primary activities. Furthermore, the findings identified that multitasking to fulfill their actual self did not motivate people to re-prioritize their potential self later.

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Assessing the Development of Operator Trust in Automation: A Longitudinal Study of an Autonomous Campus Shuttle

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181320641339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 1421-1425

Author(s):

Margaret Fowler ◽

Farzan Sasangohar ◽

Bob Brydia

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Significant Relationship ◽

Autonomous Vehicle ◽

Student Population ◽

Tier 1 ◽

Trust In Automation ◽

Operational Issues ◽

The Relationship ◽

Over Time

A large public tier-1 university hosted an autonomous vehicle on campus for a 12-week demonstration. Throughout the deployment, the vehicle was operated autonomously and used 5 safety operators from the student population to take over shuttle operations, as necessary. Daily and weekly surveys as well as pre-and post-study interviews were used to investigate how operators’ trust developed and changed over time as well as the relationship between trust and operational issues that varied in severity. Results revealed that there was not a significant relationship between trust and severity of operational issues. Trust levels appeared to remain relatively consistent before, during and after the deployment.

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