The Strange Little Animals of Antony van Leeuwenhoek Surgical Revolution

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis H. Toledo-Pereyra
Keyword(s):  
Antony Van Leeuwenhoek

Antony van Leeuwenhoek

2002 ◽  
Vol 126 (6) ◽  
pp. 658-659
Author(s):  
Venita Jay
Keyword(s):  
Antony Van Leeuwenhoek

scholarly journals Were the First Microscopes Really That Good?

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Observational Skills ◽  
Antony Van Leeuwenhoek ◽  
Scientific American

When I see a drawing by an earty microcopist, I am often Impressed by the amount of detail they illustrated. I am frequently amazed by the resolution they apparently were able to achieve with primitive (by today's standards) unconected optics. Were their instruments and observational skills realty that good, or were they just lucky, correctly guessing what was beneath their lens? In an amazing pictorial published in the April issue of Scientific American, Brian Ford convincingly answers this question.Ford describes the controversies surrounding descriptions by Antony van Leeuwenhoek in 1674 and Robert Brown in 1827. Both of these pioneer microscopists were often dismissed by their contemporaries and ignored for many years after their deaths. Leeuwenhoek was considered to be a man of fertile imagination whose observations of “animalcules” in pond slime were not appreciated until the time of Louis Pasteur.

Antony van Leeuwenhoek

1932 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
CARL V. WELLER
Keyword(s):  
Antony Van Leeuwenhoek

scholarly journals VI. A second letter from Mr. Antony Van Leeuwenhoek, F. R. S. to John Chamberlayne, Esq; F. R. S. upon the same subject as the former

1708 ◽  
Vol 26 (324) ◽  
pp. 499-502
Keyword(s):  
Antony Van Leeuwenhoek

Sir, Since the Communicating to You my last Thoughts and Observations concerning Ra­zors some Weeks ago, I have often view'd the Hairs of my Chin with a Microscope after they were cut off, and always observed upon the white or Grey Hairs the Streaks which are made by the small Notches that, as I told you in my former, I had discover'd in my Razor, especially when those Hairs were Cut more obliquely than usual.

Giardia infections

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Andrew Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Intestinal Protozoan ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Antony Van Leeuwenhoek

Giardia is a ubiquitous intestinal protozoan parasite of vertebrates and the most common intestinal pathogen of humans and domestic animals with a worldwide distribution including both temperate and tropical regions.Giardia was first observed in 1681 by Antony van Leeuwenhoek in his own faeces (Dobell 1920), and the organism has intrigued biologists and clinicians ever since. However, the first detailed description of the parasite was not given until two centuries later by Lambl (1859). Koch’s postulation was proven by Rendtorff in 1954 when he successfully transmitted symptomatic Giardia infection to human volunteers following orally administered cysts. The first symptoms of clinical giardiasis were reported in the early 1920s, although the significance of Giardia as a cause of diarrhoeal disease was controversial for many years (see Farthing 1994; Cox 1998), and it is only recently that the significance of Giardia as a cause of chronic disease in children and its association with failure to thrive, wasting and malabsorption syndromes has been fully realised (reviewed in Farthing 1994; Hall 1994; Gracey 1994; Rabbani and Islam 1994; Hesham et al. 2005; Savioli et al. 2006; Thompson 2008).The question of Giardia ’s role as a source of zoonotically transmitted disease again has been controversial. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that Giardia should be considered as a zoonotic agent in 1979 (Anon. 1979). Since that time, increasing circumstantial epidemiological evidence from waterborne outbreaks, the results of some cross-infection experiments and molecular characterization studies of Giardia isolates from humans and other animals has led most authorities to conclude that Giardia should be considered a zoonotic parasite (Acha and Szyfres 2003; Savioli et al. 2006; and reviewed in Thompson 2004). However, as discussed below, the frequency of zoonotic transmission is uncertain.

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