Are Peruvian manufacturing firms product-based or service-based businesses? Effects of innovation activities, employee level of education and firm size

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jean Pierre Seclen-Luna ◽  
Jubalt Alvarez-Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Innovation Activities

scholarly journals Strengthening the Innovation Resilience of Polish Manufacturing Firms in Unstable Environments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Wziątek-Kubiak ◽  
Marek Pęczkowski
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Community Innovation Survey ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Turbulent Times ◽  
Unstable Environment ◽  
Innovative Resources ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction ◽  
Second Period

AbstractThis study examines factors that increase resilience in innovation of Polish manufacturing firms in an unstable environment. Organizational resilience in innovation is the ability to continuously perform innovation in a turbulent environment and increase knowledge accumulation. In 2008–2012, Poland did not have crisis itself. Short-term slowdown of the economy was accompanied by a breakdown of innovation activities, with a medium-term effect. Based on the Polish Community Innovation Survey panel data for two periods: the innovation crisis (2008–2010), and the innovation pessimism period (2010–2012), this study shows which innovative resources change the probability of innovation continuity in the second period. In our probit model, we explore 42 factors of innovations. We found that financing, R&D and marketing increased the probability of continuity of innovation, but the influence of financing was the strongest. Persistence in innovation in turbulent times hence requires a change in the structure of innovation resources used. Due to the fact that public support on innovation did not increase the likelihood of the continuity of the innovation, a policy change is required. Reliability of our estimation is confirmed by accuracy of prediction of firms, which was 78.2%.

Board Gender Diversity and Cost of Debt: Do Firm Size and Industry type matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabiatu Kamil ◽  
Kingsley Opoku Appiah
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Cost Of Debt ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industry Type ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Board Gender Diversity

Purpose This study aims to investigate the nexus between gender-diverse boards and cost of debt in the developing economies context. Specifically, the authors examine whether firm size moderates the relationship between female board representation and cost of debt, regardless of the industry type. Design/methodology/approach The authors use panel data from 17 non-financial listed Ghanaian firms over the period 2007–2017, ordinary least square, two-stage least square and generalised method of moments estimations to test the hypothesis. Findings The authors find that board gender diversity is positively related to cost of debt. Further evidence suggests the interaction of firm size and board gender diversity displays a negative association with cost of debt. Practical implications The study evidence suggests larger non-manufacturing firms with gender-diverse boards attract lower cost of capital in an environment with lax enforcement of rules and regulations in corporate governance. Social implications Lenders consider the size and industry of firms in pricing debt. This has implications on UN Goal 5, highlighting that shareholders of larger non-manufacturing firms benefit immensely from board gender diversity in the context of debt. Originality/value The authors contribute to the board gender diversity and cost of debt literature by demonstrating that firm size and industry type matter in the developing economies context.

scholarly journals Impact of Firm Performance on Corporate Governance Quality: The Case of Nigerian Manufacturing Firms

2020 ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
R. A. Akinsokeji ◽  
E. O. Ogunleye ◽  
O. O. Akindele
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Board Structure ◽  
Panel Data Estimation ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Corporate Governance Quality ◽  
Data Estimation

In this study, the reverse impact of firm corporate performance on board structure is empirically examined using a large cross section of 50 manufacturing firms in Nigeria. The study makes a divergence from previous studies by noting that such a reverse effect is possible and examining this effect of performance on board structure in Nigeria. The panel data estimation technique is employed on the pooled data for the firms over a ten-year period (2004-2013) and estimation is performed using four measures of firm performance and two measures of board structure. The results show that there is actually reverse impact of firm performance on board structure although the effect is quite weak. The only performance variable that exerts significant impact on board structure (board size and independence) is earnings per share and, to a lesser degree profit margin. Moreover, firm size is shown to be an essential factor in explaining the general behavior of firm performance and also the pattern of effect of such performance on the board structure. The analyses clearly showed that firm size is itself a strong positive factor in improving firm performance and also tends to improve the effect of high performance on board structure across the firms.

Receptiveness of effective tax rate to firm characteristics: an empirical analysis on Indian listed firms

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajaya Kumar Panda ◽  
Swagatika Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Debt Ratio ◽  
Effective Tax Rate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Tax Shield ◽  
Dynamic Panel Regression ◽  
Debt Tax Shield

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the factors deriving effective tax rate (ETR) for Indian manufacturing firms in different sectors. The study also tries to analyze the sensitiveness of ETR because of shocks on its key determinants. Design/methodology/approach The study is using Arellano–Bond dynamic panel regression model to identify the key drivers of ETR, and impulse response functions of panel vector auto-regression model to analyze the response of ETR because of one standard deviation (SD) shock to its key determinants. Findings This study concludes that ETR is significantly explained by firm size, profitability, growth rate and non-debt tax shield in most of the sectors, and debt ratio, asset tangibility and age of the firms are impacting ETR differently across sectors. In case of entire manufacturing sector, firm size, profitability, growth and non-debt tax shield are driving ETR positively and asset tangibility is driving ETR negatively. Interest coverage ratio (ICR) and firm age are not significant drivers of ETR. ETR is positively related with firm size, but responses negatively when there is an immediate shock to firm size. Similarly, ETR is negatively related with asset tangibility, but responds positively following an immediate shock to it. Overall, ETR is more sensitive and responses significantly because of shocks in firm size, profitability, growth, asset tangibility and non-debt tax shield whereas, the response is very marginal following shocks to debt ratio, ICR and age of the firm. Research limitations/implications Firm managers may find the study useful to understand the receptiveness of ETRs at each sector level. The empirical findings are not only validating the theoretical developments but also providing a root cause analysis to the firm managers to understand the cause and consequence of ETRs for firms at different sectors. Originality/value Empirically investigating the factors driving ETR and analyzing its sensitiveness because of one SD shock on its key determinants for Indian manufacturing firms from different sectors is the originality of this study. Developing a strong theoretical background and empirically validating it through advanced methodology makes the study unique.

scholarly journals Strategies of innovation and appropriation. Sectoral analysis of Argentine manufacturing firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Petelski ◽  
Darío Milesi ◽  
Vladimiro Verre
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Process ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Innovative Activity ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Employment Dynamics ◽  
Sectoral Analysis ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Complementary Assets ◽  
First Mover

Following the evolutionary and neoshumpeterian theoretical framework, this research studies how the appropriation strategy of firms is formed in different industrial sector and what factors explain the use of the mechanisms that firms use to protect their innovations. The analysis is based on evidence from Argentine manufacturing firms surveyed by the National Survey of Employment Dynamics and Innovation (ENDEI) for 2010-2012. The results of the statistical analysis allow to identify three clusters at the sectoral level with differentiated characteristics in terms of their innovation activities and business conformation. The cluster of high innovative activity shows a greater incidence of the use of secrecy and patents, while the cluster of low innovative activity presents a greater use of complementary assets and first mover. The econometric analysis (Probit models) shows different effects of the factors considered (type of effort and innovative results, capabilities, linkages, structural factors) on the mechanism used, showing that the appropriation strategy is an emerging of innovation process and differs according to the sectoral cluster considered. The type of innovative effort affects only the appropriation strategy of the high and low innovative activity clusters; while the structural factors of firms explain only the appropriation strategy of sectors of high and medium innovative activity.

scholarly journals PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP KINERJA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
RHETNO WULANSARI ◽  
ANDRY IRWANTO
Keyword(s):  
Firm Size ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Audit Committees ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Insider Ownership ◽  
Positive Effect

Introduction: This study aims to determine the effect of insider ownership, audit committees, leverage, firm size, the number of independent commissioner on the performance of manufacturing firms in the Indonesian stock exchange. Methods: The type of data used in this research is quantitative data. This study uses a tool to answer the hypothesis in the form of multiple linear regression. The number of samples taken by the sampling technique as many as 50 companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Results: From the test results indicate that there is insider ownership, audit committees, leverage significant positive effect on the performance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange. firm size and the number of independent commissioners no significant positive effect on the performance of manufacturing companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Conclusion and suggestion: The implication of these findings is that insider ownership, audit committees, and leverage it will be able to produce a good performance. Although firm size and the number of independent commissioners has no effect, but still must be considered, because if the firm size and the number of independent commissioners are not in accordance with the provisions of SFAS may result in the presence of certain interests that are not in accordance with the company's goals.

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