Repair Replication and Unscheduled DNA Synthesis in Synchronous Mammalian Cells

1972 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Richold ◽  
C.F. Arlett
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Unscheduled Dna Synthesis

A Review of the Genotoxicity of Triallate

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Healy ◽  
Larry D. Kier ◽  
Fabrice Broeckaert ◽  
Mark A. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Unscheduled Dna Synthesis ◽  
Vitro Assay

Triallate is a selective herbicidal chemical used for control of wild oats in wheat. It has an extensive genotoxicity database that includes a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies. The chemical has produced mixed results in in vitro assay systems. It was genotoxic in bacterial mutation Ames assays, predominantly in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and TA1535 in the presence of S9. Weaker responses have been observed in TA100 and TA1535 in the absence of S9. Mixed results have been observed in strain TA98, whereas no genotoxicity has been observed in strains TA1537 and TA1538. The presence and absence of S9 and its source seem to play a role in the bacterial response to the chemical. There have also been conflicting results in other test systems using other bacterial genera, yeast, and mammalian cells. Chromosome effects assays (sister-chromatid exchange and cytogenetics assays) have produced mixed results with S9 but no genotoxicity without S9. Triallate has not produced any genotoxicity in in vitro DNA damage or unscheduled DNA synthesis assays using EUE cells, human lymphocytes, and rat and mouse hepatocytes. In a series of in vivo genotoxicity assays (cytogenetics, micronucleus, dominant lethal, and unscheduled DNA synthesis), there has been no indication of any adverse genotoxic effect. Metabolism data indicate that the probable explanation for the differences observed between the in vitro studies with S9 and without S9 and between the in vitro and the in vivo studies is the production of a mutagenic intermediate in vitro at high doses of triallate is expected to be at most only transiently present in in vivo studies. The weight of evidence strongly suggests that triallate is not likely to exert mutagenic activity in vivo due to toxicokinetics and metabolic processes leading to detoxification.

Semiconservative and unscheduled DNA synthesis on mammalian cells and its modification by glyoxylic compounds

Biochimie ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 71 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1205-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pilar Cornago ◽  
M.Consuelo Lopez Zumel ◽  
Lucía Santos ◽  
María Pintado
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Unscheduled Dna Synthesis

scholarly journals Lesions induced in DNA by ultraviolet light are repaired at the nuclear cage

1984 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
S.J. McCready ◽  
P.R. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
Nuclear Matrix ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
S Phase ◽  
Unscheduled Dna Synthesis ◽  
Phase Synthesis

In mammalian cells, S-phase DNA synthesis occurs at sites fixed to a sub-nuclear structure, the nuclear matrix or cage. This is an ordered network of non-histone proteins, which maintains its essential morphology even in the absence of DNA. We show here that unscheduled DNA synthesis following exposure of HeLa cells to ultraviolet light also takes place at this sub-structure. We also show that ultraviolet irradiation grossly reorganizes nuclear DNA, arresting S-phase synthesis at the cage and leaving the residual synthesis highly localized.

Effect of pulsing electromagnetic fields on DNA synthesis in mammalian cells in culture

1986 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Takahashi ◽  
I. Kaneko ◽  
M. Date ◽  
E. Fukada
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cells In Culture
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