Alkaline extracted cyanide from cassava wastewater and its sole induction of chromosomal aberrations on Allium cepa L. root tips

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Adewale K Ogunyemi ◽  
Akeem A Abayomi ◽  
O Opawale Rachael ◽  
Titilola A Samuel ◽  
Matthew O Ilori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Cassava Wastewater

scholarly journals CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS OF THE CRUDE SAPONINS OF Yucca elephantipesL. LEAVESONTHE Allium cepa L. ROOT TIPS MITOSIS.

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 542-549
Author(s):  
Mohammed & Najem
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Index ◽  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Test System ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Cytogenetic Effects ◽  
Phase Index ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Plant Test

 This study was aimed to investigate cytogenetic effects of the crude saponinsof Yucca elephantipes leaves on mitosis. The root tips of Allium cepa L. were used as plant test system in vivo. Root tips of A. cepa were tested for four hours with four concentrations of the crude saponins (0.00, 6.25, 12.5, 25 or 50 mg/ml). This study were included some cytogenetic diagnosis included mitotic index, phase index, and chromosomal aberration. Results showed that saponins reduced the mitotic index (MI) to less than 50%, specifically when treated with 12.5,25 or 50 mg/ ml mitotic index reached 25.48, 17.98, 18.81% respectively, this reduction was considered toxic and sub lethal. Saponins arrested chromosomes at metaphase (c-metaphase) up to 100% at 6.25 mg/ml and chromosomal aberrations including micronuclei and nuclear lesion (chromatin lesion) in prophase and interphase at the concentrations 25 and 50 mg/l recorded 1.30-8.30%.

scholarly journals Influence of extract from shoots of Taxus baccata var. elegantissima on ultrastructure and tubulin cytoskeleton of meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. roots

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Majewska ◽  
Mirosława Furmanowa ◽  
Kazimierz Głowniak ◽  
Joanna Guzewska ◽  
Alicja Zobel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromatin Condensation ◽  
Preprophase Band ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Meristematic Cells ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Interphase Cells ◽  
Average Size

We investigated the influence of extract from <em>Taxus baccata</em> var. Elegantissima (TbE) shoots in 1:8 dilution, containing paclitaxel in concentration of 81,6 µg/g fresh mass on ultrastructure and tubulin cytoskeleton of meristematic cells of <em>Allium cepa</em> L. root tips. Incubation time 3, 6, 12 and 24 h was followed with postincubation in water for 12 and 24 h. During shorter incubation (till 12 h) the surface of the cell nuclei decreased and chromatin became condensed (in comparison to control) but after 24 h the average surface increased and chromatin condensation decreased. In the course of incubation the average size of plastids and vacuoles increased. Moreover, after treatment mitochondria and plastids showed degradation of ultrastructure, which was reversed after 12 h of postincubation. Immunocytochemical assays demonstrated that in the course of incubation in the ThE extract, the tubulin cytoskeleton became partially disorganised. In most interphase cells, cortical microtubules (MTs) lost their oval transverse orientation. The preprophase band (PPB) position in the cell was often asymmetrical. The MTs array of the karyokinetic spindle and phragmoplast was also disturbed. These alterations were completely reversed during postincubation.

Cytotoxicity of the Fungicides Azoxystrobin and Difenoconazole in Root Tips of Allium cepa L.

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nithyameen ◽  
P.R. Jeyaramraja . ◽  
S. Manian .
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals Genotoxic Effects of Raxil on Root Tips and Anthers of Allium cepa L.

Caryologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaymak Fisun ◽  
Pinar Goc Rasgele
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Allium Cepa L

scholarly journals Effect of Ferrous Gluconate on Chromosomal Abnormality Index of Allium Cepa Root Tip

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-758
Author(s):  
Nergis Kaya
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Chromosomal Aberration ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormality ◽  
Genotoxic Effect ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Ferrous Gluconate ◽  
Allium Cepa L ◽  
Abnormality Index

In completed research, ferrous gluconate -a food additive- used to preserve black color to prevent discoloration during storage in ripe black olives, and Allium cepa L. species. A. cepa L. roots were treated with different doses of ferrous gluconate. The effective concentration EC50 (0.068 g/l) was determined. A. cepa root tips were treated with EC50/2 (0.034 g/l), EC50 (0.068 g/l), 2XEC50 (0.136 g/l) dose for 24, 48, 72 hours, and afterward, the root tips were prepared for observation under the light microscope according to the method of preparing mitotic preparation. Chromosomal abnormality index (CAI) and genotoxic effect of ferrous gluconate in A. cepa root tip cells were determined. Repeated measurement ANOVA and TUKEY multiple comparison tests were used to investigate the effect of time and dose together on genotoxicity. C-mitosis, polyploidy, polar shifting in anaphase, polar shifting in telophase, equatorial plate shifting, laggard chromosome was observed by microscope. The highest CAI (70.16±4.85) was observed at 72h for 2XEC50 dose. Chromosomal aberration is also observed in control group. While the most common chromosomal aberration is determined as C-mitosis; The least observed chromosomal aberration is determined as polyploidy. Research results revealed that ferrous gluconate has a genotoxic effect on the root tip of A. cepa.

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