Protective effect of chrysin on indomethacin induced gastric ulcer in rats: role of multi-pathway regulation

AbstractGastric ulcer or peptic ulcer is a common disease worldwide. Basically, it develops when there is an imbalance between the protective and aggressive factors, especially at the luminal surface of epithelial cells. Thus, there is a constant interest in research new drugs for treatment of gastric ulcer. The snail secretion is a dense mucous, that covers the external surface of the snails, with important functions for the survival of snails. The biological proprieties of snail Helix Aspersa Muller mucus it has been known for centuries to treat human disorders in particular for skin disease. Recently the use of snail mucus has seen a worldwide increase, as a component in cosmetic product and it has been used in particular for the management of wound and skin disorders. In this study we use a murine model of ethanol intragastric administration which has been widely used to test the drugs efficacies and to explore the underlying mechanism for gastric ulcer development. The intragastric ethanol administration causes several mucosal damages and an induction of a severe inflammatory response. Our results show a significant protective effect of snail secretion filtrate in reducing macroscopic and histological lesions, as well the protective effect on mucus content, oxidative stress and inflammatory response. In conclusion this study demonstrate the protective effect of intragastrical snail secretion filtrate, in a model of ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in mice, suggesting its possible useful use in the treatment or prevention of gastric ulcer.

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Helminth Interactions with Bacteria in the Host Gut Are Essential for Its Immunomodulatory Effect

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9020226 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 226

Author(s):

Milan Jirků ◽

Zuzana Lhotská ◽

Lucia Frgelecová ◽

Oldřiška Kadlecová ◽

Klára Judita Petrželková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protective Effect ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Hymenolepis Diminuta ◽

Clinical Parameters ◽

Th2 Response ◽

Histological Changes ◽

Immunological Markers ◽

Bacterial Microbiota ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Colonization by the benign tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, has been associated with a reduction in intestinal inflammation and changes in bacterial microbiota. However, the role of microbiota in the tapeworm anti-inflammatory effect is not yet clear, and the aim of this study was to determine whether disruption of the microflora during worm colonization can affect the course of intestinal inflammation. We added a phase for disrupting the intestinal microbiota using antibiotics to the experimental design for which we previously demonstrated the protective effect of H. diminuta. We monitored the immunological markers, clinical parameters, bacterial microbiota, and histological changes in the colon of rats. After a combination of colonization, antibiotics, and colitis induction, we had four differently affected experimental groups. We observed a different course of the immune response in each group, but no protective effect was found. Rats treated with colonization and antibiotics showed a strong induction of the Th2 response as well as a significant change in microbial diversity. The microbial results also revealed differences in the richness and abundance of some bacterial taxa, influenced by various factors. Our data suggest that interactions between the tapeworm and bacteria may have a major impact on its protective effect.

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Glucocorticoid receptor wields chromatin interactions to tune transcription for cytoskeleton stabilization in podocytes

Communications Biology ◽

10.1038/s42003-021-02209-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hong Wang ◽

Aiping Duan ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

Qi Wang ◽

Yuexian Xing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽

Protective Effect ◽

Histone Modification ◽

Regulatory Networks ◽

Target Gene ◽

Regulatory Elements ◽

Chromatin Interactions ◽

Super Enhancer

AbstractElucidating transcription mediated by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is crucial for understanding the role of glucocorticoids (GCs) in the treatment of diseases. Podocyte is a useful model for studying GR regulation because GCs are the primary medication for podocytopathy. In this study, we integrated data from transcriptome, transcription factor binding, histone modification, and genome topology. Our data reveals that the GR binds and activates selective regulatory elements in podocyte. The 3D interactome captured by HiChIP facilitates the identification of remote targets of GR. We found that GR in podocyte is enriched at transcriptional interaction hubs and super-enhancers. We further demonstrate that the target gene of the top GR-associated super-enhancer is indispensable to the effective functioning of GC in podocyte. Our findings provided insights into the mechanisms underlying the protective effect of GCs on podocyte, and demonstrate the importance of considering transcriptional interactions in order to fine-map regulatory networks of GR.

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