Role of lipid nanocarriers for enhancing oral absorption and bioavailability of insulin and GLP-1 receptor agonists

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Swapna Poudwal ◽  
Ambikanandan Misra ◽  
Pravin Shende
Keyword(s):  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Lipid Nanocarriers

Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists in Children with Immune Thrombocytopenia: A New Therapeutic Era

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lassandro ◽  
Valentina Palladino ◽  
Giovanni Carlo Del Vecchioa ◽  
Viviana Valeria Palmieri ◽  
Paola Carmela Corallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Thrombopoietin Receptor ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Background and Objective: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common bleeding disorder in childhood. The management of ITP in children is controversial, requiring personalized assessment of patients and therapeutic choices. Thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RAs), eltrombopag and romiplostim, have been shown to be safety and effective for the treatment of pediatric ITP. The aim of our research is defining the role of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in the management of pediatric ITP. Method: This review focuses on the use of TPO-RAs in pediatric ITP, in randomized trials and in clinical routine, highlighting their key role in management of the disease. Results: Eltrombopag and romiplostim appear effective treatment options for children with ITP. Several clinical studies have assessed that the use of TPO-RAs increases platelet count, decreases bleeding symptoms and improves health-related quality of life. Moreover, TPO-RAs are well tolerated with minor side effects. Conclusion: Although TPO-RAs long term efficacy and safety still require further investigations, their use is gradually expanding in clinical practice of children with ITP.

scholarly journals GLP‐1 receptor agonists and their cardiovascular benefits ‐ the role of the GLP‐1 receptor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Helmstädter ◽  
Karin Keppeler ◽  
Leonie Küster ◽  
Thomas Münzel ◽  
Andreas Daiber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Agonists

scholarly journals The role of GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists in Alzheimer’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 661-668
Author(s):  
Chun jiang Yu ◽  
Ling ling Song ◽  
Zhen nan Zhai ◽  
Ye Tao ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Gip Receptor

Role of impulsivity and reward in the anti-obesity actions of 5-HT2C receptor agonists

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1403-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy A Higgins ◽  
Fiona D Zeeb ◽  
Paul J Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Conditioned Reward ◽  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Subsequent Phase ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Phase Ii And Iii ◽  
Modest Effect

The selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist lorcaserin entered clinical obesity trials with the prevalent view that satiety was a primary mechanism of action. Subsequent Phase II and III trials demonstrated efficacy in terms of weight loss, although the overall effect size (~3% placebo-corrected change) is considered modest. Lorcaserin has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of obesity with lifestyle modification, but since its introduction in 2013 its sales are in decline, probably due to its overall modest effect. However, in some individuals, lorcaserin has a much more clinically significant effect (i.e. >10% placebo-corrected change), although what common features, if any, define these high responders is presently unknown. In the present article we highlight the evidence that alternative mechanisms to satiety may contribute to the anti-obesity effect of lorcaserin, namely effects on constructs of primary and conditioned reward and impulsivity. This may better inform the clinical evaluation of lorcaserin (and any future 5-HT2C receptor agonists) to subgroups of obese subjects characterized by overeating due to maladaptive impulsivity and reward mechanisms. One such population might be individuals diagnosed with binge eating disorder.

scholarly journals Probing the Role of Melanocortin Type 1 Receptor Agonists in Diverse Immunological Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Spana ◽  
Andrew W. Taylor ◽  
David G. Yee ◽  
Marie Makhlina ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Agonists ◽  
Immunological Diseases

scholarly journals A novel nucleoside rescue metabolic pathway may be responsible for therapeutic effect of orally administered cordycepin

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Bong Lee ◽  
Masar Radhi ◽  
Elena Cipolla ◽  
Raj D. Gandhi ◽  
Sarir Sarmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Metabolic Pathway ◽  
Oral Absorption ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Biopharmaceutical Properties

Abstract Although adenosine and its analogues have been assessed in the past as potential drug candidates due to the important role of adenosine in physiology, only little is known about their absorption following oral administration. In this work, we have studied the oral absorption and disposition pathways of cordycepin, an adenosine analogue. In vitro biopharmaceutical properties and in vivo oral absorption and disposition of cordycepin were assessed in rats. Despite the fact that numerous studies showed efficacy following oral dosing of cordycepin, we found that intact cordycepin was not absorbed following oral administration to rats. However, 3′-deoxyinosine, a metabolite of cordycepin previously considered to be inactive, was absorbed into the systemic blood circulation. Further investigation was performed to study the conversion of 3′-deoxyinosine to cordycepin 5′-triphosphate in vitro using macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells. It demonstrated that cordycepin 5′-triphosphate, the active metabolite of cordycepin, can be formed not only from cordycepin, but also from 3′-deoxyinosine. The novel nucleoside rescue metabolic pathway proposed in this study could be responsible for therapeutic effects of adenosine and other analogues of adenosine following oral administration. These findings may have importance in understanding the physiology and pathophysiology associated with adenosine, as well as drug discovery and development utilising adenosine analogues.

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