A New Wave of Urban Sprawl: Influence of Autonomous Vehicles on the Policy Toolkit and Property Tax Revenue of Local Governments

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Carlos Ignacio Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
New Wave

scholarly journals Analisis Efektivitas Penerimaan Pajak Bumi Dan Bangunan (PBB) di Kecamatan Tolangohula Kabupaten Gorontalo

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Barmin Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
The People

Land and Building Tax is a potential source of revenue for the region as one of the direct taxes. Land and Building Tax is a central tax because the object is in the area, then the region gets a bigger share. In Gorontalo Regency, mainly Tolagohula Sub-district, as in other parts of Indonesia, the land and property tax (PBB) is one source of local revenue. The management of the land and building tax (PBB) in Tolangohula sub-district is expected to lead to the welfare of the people in Gorontalo Regency.The purpose of this study is to determine how the effectiveness of tax revenue Earth and Building (PBB) in District Tolangohula Gorontalo District. Using the Ratio of the effectiveness of Land and Building Tax revenues (PBB) shows the ability of local governments in mobilizing Land and Building Tax (PBB) in accordance with the targeted. The ability to obtain Land and Building Tax (PBB) is categorized effective if this ratio reaches at least 1 or 100%. Overall, the acceptance effectiveness of Land and Building Tax (PBB) in District Tolangohula Regency Gorontalo during the period of 2012 to 2014 is in the effectiveness category.

Public Goods Delivery as a Contributing Factor to the Property Tax Revenue Generation in Malaysian Local Governments

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 4674-4678
Author(s):  
Rozilah Kasim ◽  
Muhammad Akilu Umar ◽  
David Martin ◽  
Azlina Md Yassin
Keyword(s):  
Public Goods ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Revenue Generation

Urban Sprawl and the Control of Land Use

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Anas
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Economic Modeling ◽  
Urban Land Use ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure

Urban sprawl in popular sources is vaguely defined and largely misunderstood, having acquired a pejorative meaning. Economists should ask whether particular patterns of urban land use are an outcome of an efficient allocation of resources. Theoretical economic modeling has been used to show that more not less, sprawl often improves economic efficiency. More sprawl can cause a reduction in traffic congestion. Job suburbanization can generally increase sprawl but improves economic efficiency. Limiting sprawl in some cities by direct control of the land use can increase sprawl in other cities, and aggregate sprawl in all cities combined can increase. That urban population growth causes more urban sprawl is verified by empirically implemented general equilibrium models, but—contrary to common belief—the increase in travel times that accompanies such sprawl are very modest. Urban growth boundaries to limit urban sprawl cause large deadweight losses by raising land prices and should be seen to be socially intolerable but often are not. It is good policy to use corrective taxation for negative externalities such as traffic congestion and to implement property tax reforms to reduce or eliminate distortive taxation. Under various circumstances such fiscal measures improve welfare by increasing urban sprawl. The flight of the rich from American central cities, large lot zoning in the suburbs, and the financing of schools by property tax revenues are seen as causes of sprawl. There is also evidence that more heterogeneity among consumers and more unequal income distributions cause more urban sprawl. The connections between agglomeration economies and urban sprawl are less clear. The emerging technology of autonomous vehicles can have major implications for the future of urban spatial structure and is likely to add to sprawl.

scholarly journals Sustainable Land Planning in Case of Decentralized Land Authorities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xieer Dai
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Planning Time ◽  
Local Public Finance ◽  
Ownership Of Land

The main focus of this paper is to analyze the effect of local public finance on spatial land use through economic models and empirical evidence from Israel. The theoretic models extends the Alonso-Mill-Muth model by incorporating local public finance. The first finding is that steady population growth provides a channel for land capitalization through the mechanism of long term land property right. This implies a possible conflict of interest if ownership of land leasing revenue and the ad valorem property tax are not consistent. The empirical section examines one of the implications derived from the models highlighting a possible inconsistency between central and local governments due to land ownership centralization. This causes local tax revenue inequality among Israeli municipalities. Statistical evidence shows that cities with a larger share business land use can generate more tax without assistance from the central government, and are therefore more fiscal independent. Fiscal status has a significant effect on the planning time of residential construction. Municipalities with higher local tax revenues have shorter planning time(higher probability of acceptance) conditional on the plan’s size and other features.

Determinants of Property Tax Revenue : Lessons from Empirical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajul Awasthi ◽  
Tuan Minh Le ◽  
Chenli You
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Tax Revenue

scholarly journals Modeling the Impacts of Autonomous Vehicles on Land Use Using a LUTI Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1608
Author(s):  
Rubén Cordera ◽  
Soledad Nogués ◽  
Esther González-González ◽  
José Luis Moura
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Unwanted Effect ◽  
Urban Center ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Current Paradigm ◽  
Shed Light

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) can generate major changes in urban systems due to their ability to use road infrastructures more efficiently and shorten trip times. However, there is great uncertainty about these effects and about whether the use of these vehicles will continue to be private, in continuity with the current paradigm, or whether they will become shared (carsharing/ridesharing). In order to try to shed light on these matters, the use of a scenario-based methodology and the evaluation of the scenarios using a land use–transport interaction model (LUTI model TRANSPACE) is proposed. This model allows simulating the impacts that changes in the transport system can generate on the location of households and companies oriented to local demand and accessibility conditions. The obtained results allow us to state that, if AVs would generate a significant increase in the capacity of urban and interurban road infrastructures, the impacts on mobility and on the location of activities could be positive, with a decrease in the distances traveled, trip times, and no evidence of significant urban sprawl processes. However, if these increases in capacity are accompanied by a large augment in the demand for shared journeys by new users (young, elderly) or empty journeys, the positive effects could disappear. Thus, this scenario would imply an increase in trip times, reduced accessibilities, and longer average distances traveled, all of which could cause the unwanted effect of expelling activities from the consolidated urban center.

scholarly journals Leviathan or Public Steward? Evidence on Local Government Taxing Behavior from New York State

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin M Aldag ◽  
Mildred E Warner ◽  
Yunji Kim
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
New York State ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Fiscal Stress ◽  
York State ◽  
Expenditure Limitations ◽  
Logistic Regressions

Abstract Fiscal federalism argues local governments compete to provide optimal tax-service bundles as responsible public stewards. In contrast, Leviathan theories argue tax and expenditure limitations (TELs) are necessary to make local governments fiscally responsible. We analyze local taxing behavior in New York State, which implemented a levy limit in 2012 that allows legislative overrides with 60 percent vote of the local governing board. Our 2017 survey of all general-purpose local governments measured fiscal stress, service responses, and local political attitudes and found 38 percent of municipalities voted to override. Logistic regressions show local governments that have more fiscal stress, weaker property tax bases, higher need, and higher employee benefit costs are more likely to override. These findings support fiscal federalism, as local governments that override are pushing back against state policy in order to respond to local needs. TELs introduce unnecessary rigidity and run counter to the precepts of fiscal federalism.

Income Redistributive Effects of State and Local Fiscs: Connecticut, a Case Study

1973 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Eapen ◽  
Ana N. Eapen
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Property Tax ◽  
Tax Structure ◽  
Tax Progressivity ◽  
Transfer Payments ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Redistributive Effects

Regardless of the alternative assumptions used to allocate taxes and benefits from expenditures of Connecticut state and local governments in 1967, this study shows that the incidence of taxes is regressive while that of expenditures is progressive. The regressivity of the tax structure is overwhelmingly due to the regressivity of the property tax. Progressivity of expenditures stems chiefly from transfer payments, housing, and hospitals which benefit primarily low-income families. On the basis of reasonable assumptions, it is shown that the state and local fiscs bring about, on the average a net redistribution of a mere two percent of income from families with annual incomes of $12,000 and above to those below that level.

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