Association of clinical and epidemiological characteristics with COVID-19 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine short-term adverse reactions in healthcare workers

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) occurs at some time in most patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or pentamidine isothionate are the traditional modes of therapy for treatment and prophylaxis of PCP. Unfortunately these drugs are associated with a significant incidence of adverse side effects particularly in patients with AIDS. Toxicity and a growing concern that P. carinii strains are becoming resistant to these compounds is providing the impetus for the search for additional drugs to combat P. carinii. Atovaquone, developed as an antimalarial agent, has activity against a wide range of other organisms, including Toxoplasma sp. and P. carinii, with a lower incidence of adverse reactions during clinical trials. Atovaquone inhibits mitochondrial respiration in P. falciparum and P. carinii. In this study transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe the effects of atovaquone on P. carinii organisms in short term spinner flask culture.Spinner flask cultures of human embryonic lung cells were inoculated with P. carinii from infected rat lung.

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Short-term glucocorticoid-related side effects and adverse reactions: a narrative review and practical approach

10.4414/smw.2021.w30088 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 152 (1-2) ◽

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Practical Approach ◽

Short Term

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Adverse Reactions of the Second Dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine in Healthcare Workers in South Korea

Journal of Korean Medical Science ◽

10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e153 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (21) ◽

Author(s):

Yun Woo Lee ◽

So Yun Lim ◽

Ji-Hyang Lee ◽

Joon Seo Lim ◽

Miseo Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Adverse Reactions

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A Case of Photodynamic Therapy for Advanced Adenocarcinoma of Esophagogastric Junction

Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research ◽

10.26689/jcnr.v4i6.1620 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Wanlu Cai ◽

Xiaoxiong Hu ◽

Jianwen Sheng ◽

Huizhen Fan

Keyword(s):

Adverse Reaction ◽

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Esophagogastric Junction ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Gastric Fundus ◽

High Repetition Rate ◽

Invasive Technique ◽

Short Term

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new minimally invasive technique for the treatment of tumors. Compared with traditional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, PDT has the advantages of targeted killing of primary and recurrent tumor cells, less damage to surrounding normal tissue, less complications and high repetition rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term efficacy and adverse reactions of photodynamic therapy in advanced elderly patients with esophageal-gastric junction adenocarcinoma without surgical indications. A patient with advanced adenocarcinoma of esophagus and fundus was treated with photodynamic therapy under gastroscope. Intravenous drip of Cipofen (hematoporphyrin injection 150mg / 0.9% saline 250ml) for 1 hour to keep the patient away from light.48 hours after administration, photodynamic therapy was performed with "Leimai" PDT630-A photodynamic therapy apparatus, 3cm columnar optical fiber, laser treatment wavelength of 630nm, transmission efficiency of 0.70, output power of 1.4W, irradiation at the lower segment of the esophagus and cardia for 150s. The curative effect was evaluated by comparing gastroscopy before and after photodynamic therapy. Before treatment, there were proliferative lesions in the lower part of esophagus and cardia, erosion and necrosis on the surface, stricture of esophageal cavity, huge ulcer near gastric fundus, filthy moss and dam-like hyperplasia and eminence of surrounding mucosa. After treatment, the local mucosa at the entrance of cardia became white and there was no bleeding. Within four days after treatment, the symptoms of nausea and vomiting disappeared; the adverse reaction of retrosternal discomfort began to occur on the second day after operation, and the adverse reaction was not improved after photodynamic therapy. Photodynamic therapy has a significant short-term effect on advanced elderly patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction, which can significantly alleviate the clinical symptoms and relieve the pain of the patients. However, the adverse reactions can not be ignored. Therefore, photodynamic targeting therapy for tumor needs to be further studied. It is believed that with the continuous development of high-performance photosensitizers and new generation lasers, and the continuous progress of endoscopy and image guidance technology, photodynamic therapy will become an important adjuvant or palliative treatment for tumor prevention and treatment.

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Self-reported adverse reactions in 4337 healthcare workers immunizations against novel H1N1 influenza

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/1756-0500-4-297 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Harald Bias ◽

David Quarcoo ◽

Claus Meier-Wronski ◽

Sabine Wicker ◽

Joachim Seybold ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Workers ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

H1n1 Influenza ◽

Novel H1n1 Influenza

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Evolving Epidemiology and Impact of Non-pharmaceutical Interventions on the Outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China

10.1101/2020.03.03.20030593 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Chaolong Wang ◽

Li Liu ◽

Xingjie Hao ◽

Huan Guo ◽

Qi Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Attack Rate ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Age Groups ◽

Credible Interval ◽

Reproductive Number ◽

Demographic Groups ◽

Individual Level ◽

Epidemiological Characteristics ◽

The Impact ◽

Pharmaceutical Interventions

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDWe described the epidemiological features of the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) outbreak, and evaluated the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions on the epidemic in Wuhan, China.METHODSIndividual-level data on 25,961 laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 cases reported through February 18, 2020 were extracted from the municipal Notifiable Disease Report System. Based on key events and interventions, we divided the epidemic into four periods: before January 11, January 11-22, January 23 - February 1, and February 2-18. We compared epidemiological characteristics across periods and different demographic groups. We developed a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered model to study the epidemic and evaluate the impact of interventions.RESULTSThe median age of the cases was 57 years and 50.3% were women. The attack rate peaked in the third period and substantially declined afterwards across geographic regions, sex and age groups, except for children (age <20) whose attack rate continued to increase. Healthcare workers and elderly people had higher attack rates and severity risk increased with age. The effective reproductive number dropped from 3.86 (95% credible interval 3.74 to 3.97) before interventions to 0.32 (0.28 to 0.37) post interventions. The interventions were estimated to prevent 94.5% (93.7 to 95.2%) infections till February 18. We found that at least 59% of infected cases were unascertained in Wuhan, potentially including asymptomatic and mild-symptomatic cases.CONCLUSIONSConsiderable countermeasures have effectively controlled the Covid-19 outbreak in Wuhan. Special efforts are needed to protect vulnerable populations, including healthcare workers, elderly and children. Estimation of unascertained cases has important implications on continuing surveillance and interventions.

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Efficacy of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the Management of Malignant Ascites

10.21203/rs.2.23958/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jie Jiao ◽

Chengzhen Li ◽

Guanying Yu ◽

Lei Zhang ◽

Xiaoyan Shi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Total Effective Rate ◽

Malignant Ascites ◽

Effective Rate ◽

Control Group ◽

Observation Group ◽

Short Term ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the difference of clinical efficacy between conventional intraperitoneal chemotherapy and HIPEC, so as to explore the clinical application value and advantages of HIPEC.Design: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 80 patients with malignant ascites admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to June 2019. The general clinical data and qualitative data of the treatment results of 80 patients with malignant ascites were processed by SPSS19.0 using χ2 test and quantitative data were processed by t test. P <0.05, statistical data can be considered statistically significant.Results: 1. There was no significant change in vital signs and temperature in the observation group during the treatment, and the difference was not statistically significant 2. The short-term total effective rate of patients in the observation group was 91.11%, and the short-term total effective rate of the patients in the control group was 40%.3. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups of patients.Conclusion: Intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy combined with intravenous chemotherapy can significantly control malignant ascites, and has small adverse reactions, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

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Healthcare workers’ reasons for choosing between two different COVID-19 prophylaxis trials in an acute pandemic context: Results from an online survey (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.23441 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alberto Borobia ◽

Irene García-García ◽

Lucía Díaz-García ◽

Amelia Rodríguez-Mariblanca ◽

Lucía Martínez de Soto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Scientific Knowledge ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Online Survey ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Web Based ◽

Main Motivation ◽

Survey Participation ◽

News Bulletin ◽

Motivation To Participate

BACKGROUND In April 2020, two independent clinical trials (CT) to assess SARS-Cov-2 prophylaxis in healthcare workers were started in our Hospital: MeCOVID (melatonin vs placebo) and EPICOS (tenofovir disoproxil/emtricitabine vs hydroxychloroquine vs the combination of both vs placebo). OBJECTIVE We aim to evaluate the motivations to participate and the reasons to choose one or another. METHODS Both CTs were offered to personnel through the internal news bulletin. After the screening visit, all subjects were asked to answer a web-based survey. RESULTS In the first month, 206 healthcare workers were screened and 160 randomized. Survey participation was quite high, 73.3%. The main motivation to participate was “to contribute to scientific knowledge” 53.0%, followed by “to avoid SARS-Cov-2 infection” and “the interest to be tested for SARS-CoV-2”. We found differences between physicians and nurses in the expected personal benefits (P<0.05). The vast majority of the volunteers selected the MeCOVID study, the main reason was the fear of adverse reactions associated with treatments in EPICOS, 69.4%. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare workers´ motivations to participate in prophylaxis trials in a pandemic context appear to be driven mostly by their desire to contribute to science and getting some health benefits. Safety seems to weight way more than efficacy to choose between CTs.

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Clinical Study of Recombinant Human Endostatin Combined with Iressa in Targeted Treatment of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma with Pleural Metastasis

Proceedings of Anticancer Research ◽

10.26689/par.v5i4.2328 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 46-50

Author(s):

Yanbing Wang

Keyword(s):

Targeted Therapy ◽

Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Short Term ◽

Recombinant Human Endostatin ◽

Pleural Metastasis ◽

Pleural Metastases

Objective: To evaluate and comprehensively analyze the clinical efficacy of recombinant human endostatin combined with Iressa targeted therapy in patients with pleural metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: The interval of the selected study period span was from January 2017 to April 2021. The sample source of the study was 42 patients with lung adenocarcinoma admitted to hospital. The random number table method was used for study grouping, and they were further divided into study groups (n = 21, 14 cases with pleural metastasis) and control group (n=21, 13 cases with pleural metastasis), all patients received systemic chemotherapy with pemetrexed and cisplatin. Patients with pleural metastases in the control group were injected with 60 mg cisplatin into the thoracic cavity. Patients in the study group were treated with Iressa (gefitinib) targeted therapy if genetic testing showed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGRF) mutations, and patients with pleural metastases were treated with pleural metastasis with Endo (recombinant human endostatin YH-16) to control pleural effusion. Two sets of related indicators were compared and analyzed. Results: Comparing the short-term disease control rate, treatment effectiveness and long-term survival rate between the two groups shows that the study group has more advantages (P<0.05). In the comparison between the two groups of serum markers and related indicators, the study group has more advantages (P<0.05), whereas in the comparison between the two groups in the incidence of adverse reactions, there is no significant difference (P>0.05). Based on statistics of the recurrence rate of pleural fluid in the two groups, the study group is significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Recombinant human endostatin combined with Iressa targeted therapy for patients with lung adenocarcinoma with pleural metastasis has significant short-term and long-term effects without serious adverse reactions. It can be fully promoted in medical institutions at all levels.

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Battling the COVID-19 Pandemic: Is Bangladesh Prepared?

10.1101/2020.04.29.20084236 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hasinur Rahaman Khan ◽

Tamanna Howlader ◽

Md. Mazharul Islam

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Spatial Distribution ◽

Healthcare System ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Spatial Cluster ◽

Short Term ◽

Hospital Capacity ◽

Order Polynomial ◽

Frontline Healthcare Workers

Following detection of the first few COVID-19 cases in early March, Bangladesh has stepped up its efforts to strengthen capacity of the healthcare system to avert a crisis in the event of a surge in the number of cases. This paper sheds light on the preparedness of the healthcare system by examining the spatial distribution of isolation beds across districts and divisions, forecasting the number of ICU units that may be required in the short term and analyzing the availability of frontline healthcare workers to combat the pandemic. As of May 2, COVID-19 cases have been found in 61 of the 64 districts in Bangladesh with Dhaka District being the epicenter. Seventy-one percent of the cases have been identified in 6 neighboring districts, namely, Dhaka, Narayanganj, Gazipur, Narsingdi, Munsiganj and Kishoreganj, which appear to form a spatial cluster. However, if one takes into account the population at risk, the prevalence appears to be highest in Dhaka, followed by Narayanganj, Gazipur, Kishorganj, Narsingdi and Munshiganj. These regions may therefore be flagged as the COVID-19 hotspots in Bangladesh. Among the eight divisions, prevalence is highest in Dhaka Division followed by Mymensingh. The number of cases per million exceeds the number of available isolation beds per million in the major hotspots indicating that there is a risk of the healthcare system becoming overwhelmed should the number of cases rise. This is especially true for Dhaka Division, where the ratio of COVID-19 patients to doctors appears to be alarmingly high. Mymensingh Division also has a disproportionately small number of doctors relative to the number of COVID-19 patients. Using second order polynomial regression, the analysis predicts that even if all ICU beds are allocated to COVID-19 patients, Bangladesh may run out of ICU beds soon after May 15, 2020. We conclude that in spite of a significant increase in hospital capacity during 2005-15 and a 57 % rise in the number of doctors during the same period, the healthcare system in Bangladesh and Dhaka Division in particular, may not be fully prepared to handle the COVID-19 crisis. Thus, further steps need to be taken to flatten the curve and improve healthcare capacity.

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