Commercial gigahertz-class NMR magnets

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Wikus ◽  
Wolfgang Frantz ◽  
Rainer Kümmerle ◽  
Patrik Vonlanthen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
Proton Resonance Frequency ◽  
Proton Resonance ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Structure Of Molecules ◽  
Control Food ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University

Abstract Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a wide-spread analytical technique which is used in a large range of different fields, such as quality control, food analysis, material science and structural biology. In the widest sense, NMR is an analytical technique to determine the structure of molecules. At the time of writing this manuscript, commercial NMR spectrometers with a proton resonance frequency ≥ 900 MHz are only available from Bruker. In 2019, Bruker installed the first 1.1 GHz (25.8 T) NMR spectrometer at the St. Jude Children Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee, followed by the installation of the first 1.2 GHz (28.2 T) NMR spectrometer at the University of Florence in Italy in 2020. These were the first commercial NMR spectrometers operating at magnetic fields in excess of what can be achieved with conventional low temperature superconductors, and which depend on high temperature superconductors to generate the required magnetic field. In this paper, the requirements on commercial NMR magnets are discussed and the history of high-field NMR magnets is reviewed. Bruker’s R&D program for 1.1 and 1.2 GHz NMR magnets and spectrometers will be described, and some of the key properties of these first commercial NMR magnets with high-temperature superconductors are reported.

scholarly journals THE CITY WALLS OF FLORENCE, A METHOD TO MANAGE INFORMATIONS OF A COMPLEX SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 457-464
Author(s):  
J. G. Vitale
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Scientific Innovation ◽  
Important Landmark ◽  
History Of ◽  
City Walls ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University ◽  
Historic City ◽  
The City

Abstract. The city walls of Florence constitute a complex system: six circles and at least nine distinct phases of use and transformation, from the foundation of Florentia to Florence Capital, to contemporary adjustments. The DIDA, Department of Architecture of the University of Florence with the Municipality of Florence, has been carrying out since 2012 the FIMU project with the study of the various walls circuits and diachronic surveys of the surviving wall sections. The aim is to combine and harmonize the historical data with technical-scientific innovation, expressing its own vision of the relationship between the history of the city of Florence and the correct valorization of one of its important Landmark. Every citizen must be able to recognize in the traces of the past his belonging to a community, the results expected from this research are the realization of an informative-didactic and informative apparatus that will emphasize this important historical testimony of Florence and its transformations occurred over the centuries. Data acquisition, processing and visualization methods define this research as ‘experimental’ for the knowledge and evolution of a historic city that would contribute to elevating services for the technical scientific community and the citizen, to which data would become available currently ‘raw’ with the preparation of an apparatus based on a database through the ‘Open Data’ platform of the Municipality of Florence.

scholarly journals Introduction: Nicolaus Steno and earth science in early modern Italy

Substantia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Stefano Dominici ◽  
Gary D. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Living Things ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of The University ◽  
Scientific Context ◽  
Accademia Del Cimento ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University

A group of scientists interested in history of science and fascinated by the figure of Nicolaus Steno (1638-1686) gathered in Florence for the 350th anniversary of the publication of his De solido intra solidum naturaliter contento prodromus dissertationis. A public conference held at Palazzo Fenzi on 16 October 2019 and a geological fieldtrip on the following day were occasions to discuss different points of view on the last published work of the Danish natural philosopher, dedicated to "solids naturally enclosed in other solids" (De solido intra solidum naturaliter contento, or De solido in short). The title of the gathering, "Galilean foundation for a solid earth", emphasized the philosophical context that Steno found in Florence, where in 1666-1668 he established tight human and philosophical bonds with renowned Italian disciples of Galileo Galilei and members of the Accademia del Cimento. For participants to the 2019 gathering, the Museum of Natural History of the University of Florence, hosting some of Steno's geological specimens, and the region of Tuscany itself, formed the perfect location to discuss the phenomena that Steno had observed from 1666-1668, the motivations for his research, the methodology of his discovery and, generally stated, the European scientific context which informed his inquiry. Some of the talks given in that meeting are included within this volume, kindly hosted by Substantia, International Journal of the History of Chemistry published by the Florence University Press. In addition some of the invited speakers who were unable to attend, also contributed a paper to this publication. The collection is about earth science in the early modern period, when the study of minerals, rocks, and the fossilized remains of living things did not yet form a distinct path to knowledge about earth history, but was an integral part of the wider "philosophy of nature".

scholarly journals Studi di Archeologia del Vicino Oriente

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Art History ◽  
Near East ◽  
Ancient Near East ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University

The book presents recent studies and research by the students of Paolo Emilio Pecorella, a lecturer in Archaeology and Art History of the Ancient Near East at the University of Florence. The contributions reflect the numerous interests and activities in the field promoted by Pecorella and continued now by his school: in Syria and Mesopotamia (J.S. Baldi, S. Nannucci, V. Orsi, C. Coppini and G. Baccelli), in Anatolia (F. Manuelli, A. D'Agostino, G. Guarducci and S. Valentini), in Cyprus (L. Bombardieri), and in Iran (S. Anastasio).

scholarly journals Lo spirito di Arcetri

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Casalbuoni ◽  
Daniele Dominici ◽  
Massimo Mazzoni
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Royal Institute ◽  
Scientific Training ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University

On 7 November 1921, the new Institute of Physics of the Royal Institute of Higher, Practical and Advanced Studies of Florence was inaugurated in Arcetri. Three years later, with the establishment of the University of Florence, the Degree Course in Physics would start: as such an adventure in research and scientific training began, which would take us to the present day. To mark the centenary of the inauguration of the Institute of Physics in Arcetri, the book takes the opportunity to retrace a part of those years. The period chosen ranged from the arrival of Garbasso in 1913 to the end of the 1960s. The book contains a first part, documenting the history of the Institute of Physics during the above mentioned years. This is followed by a second part, outlining the biographies of some of the protagonists of that history. In the final part, there is an index of the holders of the courses of Physics and Astronomy in Florence from 1876 to 1969. This landscape is the result of research work conducted in the University’s Historical Archives of the University.

scholarly journals Il Museo di Storia Naturale dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze. Le collezioni antropologiche ed etnologiche / The Museum of Natural History of the University of Florence. The Anthropological and Ethnological Collections

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Moggi Cecchi ◽  
Roscoe Stanyon
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
New Technology ◽  
History Museum ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of The University ◽  
The Many ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University

This volume is dedicated to the Anthropological and Ethnological section of the Natural History Museum. First the historical journey of the collections is traced from the antique nucleus of the Medici to the foundation of the National Museum of Anthropology and Ethnology, when Florence was the capitol of Italy, and the discipline of anthropology was born. The second part illustrates the multivariate collections from all over the globe. They are a precious record of the past and present biological and cultural diversity of our species opening wide horizons that rigorously connect science to the many faces of human culture, including art. The third section is dedicated to current research and opens new prospectives on the significance of ethnological and anthropological collections due to new technology and in light of a new appreciation of the museum as a living “zone of contact”.

scholarly journals La civiltà comunale italiana nella storiografia internazionale

2009 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Conference ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Spanish ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University ◽  
Over Time

This book contains the proceedings of the first international conference organised by the Centro di Studi sulla civiltà comunale of the University of Florence, and offers a fine overview of the contribution made by international historiography to the history of the Italian Comunes. One of the most significant periods in the country's past is addressed here by some of the leading international specialists through the reconstruction of the approaches, issues and outcomes of the principal foreign historiographies (German, French, American, Spanish and English). The result is a fairly articulated picture of how the civilisation of the Comune has been treated and appraised over time outside Italy. Consequently, the book is offered as an updated tool of historiographic reflection and as a useful yardstick for studies devoted to the European urban world.

scholarly journals L’Archive Dionysos: une approche méthodologique à l’iconographie théâtrale

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-46
Author(s):  
Renzo Guardenti
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Digital Archive ◽  
Visual Dimension ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University

"The Dionysos Archive: a Methodological Approach to Theatre Iconography. The article illustrates the Dionysos Digital Archive of Theatrical Iconography, created by the research team of the University of Florence directed by Renzo Guardenti. The Dionysos Archive collects more than 22,000 images accompanied by cataloguing files, relating to the history of Performing Arts from Greek theatre to the first decades of the 20th century. The cataloguing of the images contained in the archive is based on criteria aimed at highlighting their theatrical specificity and responds to a historiographic perspective that privileges the visual dimension of the Performing Arts, of which iconographic documentation constitutes a source of primary importance. Keywords: theatre iconography; history of theatre; performing arts; digital archive; cataloguing "

scholarly journals Florence and the river: new urban perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.4) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Francesco Alberti ◽  
Raffaele Paloscia
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
History Of ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

The upgrading of riverfronts is a theme that has long played a central role in the renewal programs of large, medium and small cities throughout Europe. The case study presented in this paper is Florence, whose Roman origins and development, from the Middle Ages to today, are closely linked to the Arno River, which runs from east to west. After briefly reviewing some salient moments in the history of the relationship between the city and the river, the paper illustrates some research and projects carried out within the Department of Architecture of the University of Florence, focused on the role that Arno can still play in the future of the Florentine metropolitan area, as a catalyst for interventions aimed at improving urban sustainability, livability and resilience to climate change.

Crystallization of nano-size thallous oxide during ion irradiation of Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O high-temperature superconductors

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 214-215
Author(s):  
P. P. Newcomer ◽  
L. M. Wang ◽  
M. L. Miller ◽  
R. C. Ewing
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ion Irradiation ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Argonne National Laboratory ◽  
Planetary Science ◽  
University Of New Mexico ◽  
The University ◽  
Nano Size

The Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O class of type-II high temperature superconductors (HTS) have Tc's as high as 125K. Although they have good critical current values, when a field is applied the weak pinning and consequent flow of magnetic vortices are a major impediment to the usefulness of these materials. Ion irradiation has been shown to enhance the pinning. High quality single crystals, as determined with x-ray precession and HRTEM, with sharp HTS Meissner signals, were irradiated with 1.5 MeV Kr+ and Xe+ ions using the HVEM-Tandem facility at Argonne National Laboratory. Ion beam microstructural modification was studied in-situ using electron diffraction and after irradiation using HRTEM and nano-beam EDS on Tl-1212 and Tl-2212 (numbers designate the stoichiometry Tl-Ba- Ca-Cu-O) single-crystal HTS. After irradiation, microstructure was studied using the JEOL 2010 in the Earth and Planetary Science Department at the University of New Mexico in order to characterize the resulting irradiation-induced nano-size precipitates.

ChemInform Abstract: History of the Discovery of Oxide High-Temperature Superconductors.

ChemInform ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. no-no ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Nipan ◽  
T. N. Kol'tsova ◽  
L. I. Ochertyanova ◽  
N. K. Bel'skii
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Superconductors ◽  
History Of
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