L-band femtosecond fiber laser with Cu2Te-PVA thin film

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 015101
Author(s):  
H Ahmad ◽  
N H Abdul Kahar ◽  
N F Norisham ◽  
S A Reduan ◽  
L Bayang

Abstract For the first time, this research proposed a copper telluride (Cu2Te)-polyvinyl alcohol thin film as a saturable absorber (SA) in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) operating in the long-wavelength band (L-band). The nonlinear optical absorption measurement of Cu2Te thin film revealed a saturation intensity of 3.26 kW cm−2 and a modulation depth of 2.7%. Furthermore, the mode-locked pulse was successfully generated by integrating a Cu2Te thin film into the L-band cavity at a threshold pump power of 135.61 mW with a center wavelength and pulse duration of 1565.48 nm and 770 fs, respectively. When observing the output mode-locked pulse, the pump power for the EDFL ranged from 135.61 mW to 201.28 mW, with the fundamental mode having a repetition rate 10.28 MHz. Furthermore, the magnitude of the signal-to-noise ratio was approximately 61.3 dB, indicating that the laser was stable with no significant fluctuations during the stability test. Overall, the findings showed that Cu2Te thin film has an excellent output and a promising candidate for an SA, implying that it could have a lot of potentials in pulsed laser application.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-Wen Lee ◽  
Chien-Ming Chen ◽  
Wei-Hsiang Chuang ◽  
Ching-Yi Cho ◽  
Cheng-Hsien Yu ◽  
...  

AbstractMode-locked and Q-switched pulsed fiber laser sources with wavelengths of 1.55 μm are widely used in various fields. Gold nanorods (GNRs) have been applied in biomedicine and optics owing to their biocompatibility, easy fabrication, and unique optical properties. This paper presents the analysis of a saturable absorber based on a colloidal gold nanorod (GNR) thin film for dual-function passively mode-locked and Q-switched 1.55-μm fiber lasers. The colloidal GNR thin film possesses superior properties such as a wide operating wavelength range, large nonlinear absorption coefficient, and a picosecond-order recovery time. Its modulation depth and saturation intensity at 1.55 μm are 7.8% and 6.55 MW/cm2, respectively. Passive mode-locked or Q-switched laser operation is achieved by changing the number of GNR thin-film layers. The advantages of these high-quality GNRs in mode-locked and Q-switched fiber lasers with record-high slope efficiency are verified by conducting comprehensive material and laser dynamic analyses. The self-starting mode-locked fiber laser with an efficiency as high as 24.91% and passively Q-switched fiber laser with the maximum energy of 0.403 μJ are successfully demonstrated. This paper presents the novel demonstration of reconfigurable mode-locked and Q-switched all-fiber lasers by incorporating colloidal GNR thin films.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.30) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Yushazlina R. Yuzaile ◽  
Noor A. Awang ◽  
Zahariah Zakaria ◽  
Noor U.H.H Zalkepali ◽  
Amirah A. Latif ◽  
...  

This paper reported a successful demonstration on Q-switched fiber laser by using graphite as saturable absorber (SA). The graphite is deposited on the fiber ferrule through a simple mechanical exfoliation method. The modulation depth of the graphite SA is 19.2% with a saturation intensity of 85 MW/cm². The maximum achievable pulse repetition rates and pulse width are 42.41 kHz and 3.40 μs respectively. Meanwhile, its optical signal-to-noise ratio is about 50.81 dB. The Q-switched pulses have the maximum pulse energy of 5.84 nJ. These outcomes demonstrated that a stable output of passively Q-switched fiber laser is produced and can be applied for various optical fiber applications.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
Muhamad Khairul Nizam Mohd Rusdi ◽  
Afiq Arif Aminuddin Jafry ◽  
Nur Farhanah Zulkifli ◽  
Farina Saffa Mohamad Samsamnun ◽  
Mohamad Badrol Hisyam Mahyuddin ◽  
...  

The rapid developments in transition metal dichalcogenide materials as a saturable absorber (SAs) have been demonstrated to be an effective method for generating Q-switched fiber laser. This work, reports on the generation of Q-switched fiber laser in the 1-micron region using samarium oxide (Sm2O3) saturable absorber (SA). The Sm2O3 thin film SA was fabricated in- The rapid developments in transition metal dichalcogenide materials as saturable absorbers (SAs) have been reported to be efficient materials for generating Q?switched fiber lasers. In this paper, we report on the use of samarium oxide (Sm2O3) saturable absorber (SA) for 1-micron Q-switched fiber laser generation. The Sm2O3 thin film SA was constructed in-house through which the Sm2O3 powder was mixed and stirred in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution. It was then integrated into the ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) ring cavity, hence producing a sequence of Q-switched pulsed lasers at 1062.49 nm wavelength. The stable pulse train appeared from 69.97 to 111.1 kHz between the applied pump power of 57 mW to 96 mW. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 38.56 dB was recorded at the 57 mW pump power, whereas the pulse energy raised until 15.21 nJ at 96 mW. These results showed that the Sm2O3 could be a favourable SA material to iniatiate Q-switched ytterbium-doped pulsed fiber laser. ABSTRAK: Perkembangan pesat dalam bahan logam peralihan dichalcogenide sebagai bahan penyerap boleh larut (SAs) telah dilaporkan sebagai kaedah yang berkesan bagi menjana laser fiber Q-switched. Kajian ini menggunakan samarium oksida (Sm2O3) saturable absorber (SA) bagi menjana laser gentian Q-switched 1-Micron. Filem nipis Sm2O3 SA telah dihasilkan melalui campuran serbuk Sm2O3 ke dalam cecair polivinil alkohol (PVA) dalam persekitaran makmal. Kemudian, ia diintegrasi ke dalam rongga gelang laser gentian dop-ytterbium (YDFL), lalu menghasilkan denyut laser Q-switched stabil pada jarak gelombang 1062.49 nm. Denyutan stabil muncul dari 69.97 kepada 111.1 kHz pada kuasa pam yang dikenakan antara 57 mW hingga 96 mW. Nisbah isyarat-hinggar (SNR) pada 38.56 dB telah direkodkan pada pam kuasa 57 mW, sementara denyut tenaga ditingkatkan kepada 15.21 nJ pada 96 mW. Keputusan menunjukkan Sm2O3 merupakan bahan SA penggalak yang memuaskan bagi menjana denyut laser gentian dop-ytterbium Q-switched. house. It was integrated into the ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) ring cavity, hence producing a stable passively Q-switched laser operating at 1062.49 nm wavelength. Stable pulse train appeared from 69.97 to 111.1 kHz at the tunable pump power of 57 mW to 96 mW. The pulse energy of up to 15.21 nJ and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 38.56 dB for the fundamental frequency were recorded. The results showed that the Sm2O3 could be a favourable SA material for the broadband generation of Q-switched fiber laser.


Author(s):  
Siti Nur Fatin Zuikafly ◽  
Nor Farhah Razak ◽  
Rizuan Mohd Rosnan ◽  
Sulaiman Wadi Harun ◽  
Fauzan Ahmad

In this work, a Graphene slurry based passive Q-switcher fabricated from Graphene-Polylactic acid (PLA) filament which is used for 3D printing. To produce the Graphene slurry, the diameter of the filament was reduced and Tetrahydrofuran (THF) was used to dissolve the PLA. The Graphene-THF suspension was drop cast to the end of a fiber ferrule and the THF then evaporated to develop Graphene slurry based SA which is integrated in fiber laser cavity. At threshold input pump power of 30.45 mW, a Q-switched Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) can be observed with the wavelength centered at 1531.01 nm and this remained stable up to a pump power of 179.5 mW. As the pump power was increased gradually, an increase in the repetition rates was recorded from 42 kHz to 125 kHz, while the pulse width was reduced to 2.58 μs from 6.74 μs. The Q-switched laser yielded a maximum pulse energy and peak power of 11.68 nJ and 4.16 mW, respectively. The proposed Graphene slurry based saturable absorber also produced a signal-to-noise ratio of 44 dB indicating a stable Q-switched pulsed laser.


2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (02) ◽  
pp. 1450026 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. M. Ahmad Hambali ◽  
M. Ali Toor ◽  
Z. Yusoff ◽  
M. Ajiya

In this paper, we experimentally demonstrated multi-wavelength Brillouin–Raman fiber laser that operates in the L-band wavelength region. The laser structure utilizes the reverse-S-shaped technique. 35 output Brillouin Stokes signals were generated at the injection of 6.3 mW of Brillouin pump power at wavelength of 1580 nm into the laser cavity together with a Raman pump power of 891.25 mW. The generated output Brillouin Stokes signals are rigidly separated by 0.08 nm (10 GHz). The structure also provides a high tuning range of 25 nm, from 1570 nm to 1595 nm at the injection of 6.3 mW of Brillouin pump signal power with a Raman pump signal power of 795.3 mW. The generated Brillouin Stokes signals also have an average peak power of 1.11 mW. Highest optical signal-to-noise ratio of 21 dB was obtained at Brillouin pump wavelength of 1595 nm.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ahmad ◽  
S. N. Aidit ◽  
S. I. Ooi ◽  
M. Z. Samion ◽  
S. Wang ◽  
...  

AbstractIn this work, a Figure-9 (F9) bismuth-doped fiber laser (BiDFL) operating in the dissipative soliton resonance (DSR) regime is presented. The 1338 nm laser used a BiDF as the active gain medium, while a nonlinear amplifying loop mirror (NALM) in an F9 configuration was employed to obtain high energy mode-locked pulses. The wave breaking-free rectangular pulse widened significantly in the time domain with the increase of the pump power while maintaining an almost constant peak power of 0.6 W. At the maximum pump power, the mode-locked laser delivered a rectangular-shaped pulse with a duration of 48 ns, repetition rate of 362 kHz and a radio-frequency signal-to-noise ratio of more than 60 dB. The maximum output power was recorded at around 11 mW with a corresponding pulse energy of 30 nJ. This is, to the best of the author’s knowledge, the highest mode-locked pulse energy obtained at 1.3 μm as well as the demonstration of an NALM BiDFL in a F9 configuration.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.15) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Yousif I. Hammadi ◽  
Tahreer S. Mansour

A passively pulsed fiber laser using saturable absorbers such as graphene has been increased dramatically in recent years. Up to now, researchers have been proposed many methods to fabricate graphene saturable absorber such as (evanescent coupling structure, electrochemical exfoliation, and mechanical exfoliation) for light pulse generation in a fiber laser. However, each of these methods has got some limitations which reduce the saturable absorber performance and restrict its range of applications. In this paper, we propose a simple but very efficient fabrication way of graphene saturable absorber by converting graphene Nano powder into a thin film using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a host material. The fabricated film can then be easily sandwiched between two fiber pigtails and inserted inside the laser cavity to form the saturable absorber. when compared with other methods, this method is much preferable because it provides saturable absorber with combat structure, maximum interaction area, reasonable insertion loss, polarization insensitive, controllable concentration, and safe to handle. The fabricated graphene saturable absorber in this paper was characterized and found to have a uniform distribution of the graphene nanomaterial in the PVA and have a modulation depth of 6.1% which make it a very promising saturable absorber for ultra-fast fiber laser demonstration.  


2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850010 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Latiff ◽  
X. S. Cheng ◽  
M. F. M. Rusdi ◽  
M. C. Paul ◽  
S. W. Harun ◽  
...  

We demonstrated an all-fiber mode-locked Thulium–Holmium co-doped fiber laser (THDFL) based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) tape saturable absorber. The THDFL generates a mode-locked pulse in anomalous regime at 1,979[Formula: see text]nm using 5[Formula: see text]m long Thulium–Holmium co-doped (THDF) as a gain medium. Through mechanical exfoliation method, the MoS2 was mechanically extracted from a commercial MoS2 crystal by using a clear scotch tape. Through balanced twin-detector measurement, the obtained MoS2 tape has a nonlinear absorption of 10% with 100[Formula: see text]MW/cm2 saturation intensity. Under 775[Formula: see text]mW to 852[Formula: see text]mW pump power, a stable pulse train was obtained at 9.12[Formula: see text]MHz repetition rate with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 45[Formula: see text]dB. The maximum output power and pulse energy were measured about 20[Formula: see text]mW and 2.2[Formula: see text]nJ, respectively. With a 3-dB spectral bandwidth of 2.1[Formula: see text]nm, the minimum possible pulse width was determined as 1.97[Formula: see text]ps.


Author(s):  
Ezzatul Irradah Ismail ◽  
S Muhammad Ashraf Zolkopli ◽  
Muhammad Quisar Lokman ◽  
Hafizal Yahaya ◽  
Sulaiman Wadi Harun ◽  
...  

<span lang="EN-US">In this paper, we demonstrated a Q-switched erbium doped fiber laser (EDFL) incorporating Antimony (III) Telluride (Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>) in polyvinyl alchohol (PVA) as passive saturable absorber.  The saturable absorber were fabricated by dissolving Antimony (III) Telluride powder into PVA solution and dry in the ambient temperature for 48 hours. Then, 1 mm<sup>2</sup> x 1 mm<sup>2</sup> Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub>-PVA film based saturable absorber were sandwiched in between FC/PC ferrule for Q-switched laser generation. The stable and self-started Q-switched laser operates at center wavelength 1560 nm with 3 dB bandwidth of 0.23 nm. The laser operates at pump power of 29.3 mW until 84.9 mW with repetition rate of 20.99 kHz to 89.29 kHz and pulse width of 13.95 µs to 5.10 µs. At maximum pump power, the laser able to achieve pulse energy of 62.72 nJ and high signal to noise ratio of 71.4</span>


2016 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 560-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zakiah Malek ◽  
N.A.M. Ahmad Hambali ◽  
M.H.A. Wahid ◽  
M.M. Shahimin ◽  
M.A.M. Azidin

We experimentally demonstrate unidirectional propagation of multi-wavelength Brillouin fiber laser system with additional fiber Bragg grating. The configuration is arranged in a ring resonator by utilizing five different Brillouin gain mediums. In this experiment, the input Brillouin pump power was varied in order to maximize the generated Brillouin Stokes signals based on the respective fiber lengths. The influence of these controllable parameters leads to the correlation between of Brillouin Stokes signals and optical-signal-to-noise-ratio. In this case, at 10 km of single mode fiber the maximum of 38 Brillouin Stokes signals were generated together with 15.07 dB of average optical-signal-to-noise-ratio when the 17 dBm Brillouin pump power was launched into the ring resonator.


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