scholarly journals Titanium beryllide as an alternative to beryllium in nuclear and thermonuclear engineering, capabilities of UMP JSC in the technology development and beryllides products manufacture

2022 ◽  
Vol 2155 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
Ye Frants ◽  
A Borsuk ◽  
A Vechkutov ◽  
K Zenkov ◽  
B Zorin ◽  
...  

Abstract For many decades, beryllium has been used as a structural element in nuclear installations as a moderator / breeder of fast neutrons. The consequence of neutron irradiation is a significant production of gas products in the form of helium and tritium, which leads to swelling and loss of strength properties of beryllium reflectors. The relatively low melting point of beryllium also imposes restrictions on the high-limit temperature regimes of the reactor core. As an alternative to pure beryllium, it is necessary to consider intermetallic compounds based on it, in particular titanium beryllide. Preliminary studies on the thermal desorption of helium and tritium from titanium beryllide have shown that this material has a much lower retention tendency and a lower release temperature. The higher melting point of titanium beryllide compared to pure beryllium is also an advantageous characteristic.Over the past years, UMP JSC, thanks to its research in this area, has achieved significant success in the development of technology for obtaining intermetallic billets and articles based on titanium and chromium beryllides. As a technology demonstrator, prototypes of structural elements of a helium-cooled blanket breeder module of the projected DEMO reactor were made by order of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany.The advantages of titanium beryllide, as well as the success achieved in the production of billets and products from it, open up opportunities for a more extensive study of the nuclear, physical and mechanical properties of this material with the possibility of further use in nuclear technology, including thermonuclear reactors, and in high-temperature instrumentation.

Author(s):  
L. F. Sennikova ◽  
G. K. Volkova ◽  
V. M. Tkachenko

The results of studies of the stress-strain state of copper M0b after deformation under different schemes of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) are presented. The level of macro and micro stresses in copper has been determined in various ECAP modes. It is shown that the strength properties, deformation porosity and parameters of the fine copper structure differ depending on the loading pattern.


Kerntechnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
N. V. Maslov ◽  
E. I. Grishanin ◽  
P. N. Alekseev

Abstract This paper presents results of calculation studies of the viability of coated particles in the conditions of the reactor core on fast neutrons with sodium cooling, justifying the development of the concept of the reactor BN with microspherical fuel. Traditional rod fuel assemblies with pellet MOX fuel in the core of a fast sodium reactor are directly replaced by fuel assemblies with micro-spherical mixed (U,Pu)C-fuel. Due to the fact that the micro-spherical (U, Pu)C fuel has a developed heat removal surface and that the design solution for the fuel assembly with coated particles is horizontal cooling of the microspherical fuel, the core has additional possibilities of increasing inherent (passive) safety and improve the competitiveness of BN type of reactors. It is obvious from obtained results that the microspherical (U, Pu)C fuel is limited with the maximal burn-up depth of ∼11% of heavy atoms in conditions of the sodium-cooled fast reactor core at the conservative approach; it gives the possibility of reaching stated thermal-hydraulic and neutron-physical characteristics. Such a tolerant fuel makes it less likely that fission products will enter the primary circuit in case of accidents with loss of coolant and the introduction of positive reactivity, since the coating of microspherical fuel withstands higher temperatures than the steel shell of traditional rod-type fuel elements.


2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Vadim Balabanov ◽  
Victor Baryshok ◽  
Nikita Epishkin

The sharply continental climate of the Irkutsk region is characterized by wide temperature intervals throughout the year. The repeated cyclicity of freezing and thawing of building materials in the water-saturated state influences the change in technical characteristics and the durability of concrete products and structures. The concrete products’ features in such climatic conditions create the need for the production of concretes with improved indicators of physical and mechanical properties. The effect of modifying additives on the technological characteristics of sulfur concrete is established. The effect of all elements of sulfur concrete on its strength and frost resistance. The composition of sulfuric concrete is obtained, which meets all the requirements and also has high strength and increased frost resistance. Formulations with a certain ratio of structural sulfuric concrete mixtures were developed. As a result of the use of technical sulfur in the composition of concrete products, the problem of utilizing annually accumulating reserves of technical sulfur is partially solved. The strength properties of sulfuric concretes easily compete with high-quality brands of concrete, special types of concretes that have in their composition additives.


Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1350
Author(s):  
Dmitriy I. Shlimas ◽  
Artem L. Kozlovskiy ◽  
Askar Kh. Syzdykov ◽  
Daryn B. Borgekov ◽  
Maxim V. Zdorovets

The aim of this work was to study resistance to helium accumulation processes in the structure of the surface layer of lithium-containing ceramics and the subsequent destruction and embrittlement processes, depending on radiation fluence. The objects of study were Li2TiO3-type ceramics obtained by thermal sintering. The fluence dependency of changes in the structural and strength properties of ceramics was determined to be in the range from 1018 to 1022 ion/m2, which corresponded to the concentration of implanted helium from 0.01% to 0.8–1 at.%. Irradiation was carried out at a temperature of 700 °C, which made it possible to simulate the processes of radiation damage that were closest to the real conditions in the reactor core. During the studies carried out, it was found that, at irradiation fluences of 1018–1020 ion/m2, the formation of point radiation defects was equaled by the process of thermal annealing of defects, as a result of which the concentration of defects and their effect on the change in the structural and strength properties of ceramics were insignificant. An increase in the concentration of implanted helium in the structure of the surface layer to above 0.5 at.% led to the dominance of radiation damage processes over the annealing of defects and the formation of gas-filled cavities, which negatively affects the strength of ceramics.


Author(s):  
Melnikov Andrey E., ◽  
◽  
Ze Zhang, ◽  
Grib Nikolay N., ◽  
Camil Jakub Shabo, ◽  
...  

The results of laboratory tests carried out on rock samples of the Kharbalakhskoye coalfield located in Central Yakutia revealed significant secondary changes having taken place in the host rocks containing the coal. Evidently, under transformation processes, it is not only the composition of the rocks that had changed, but also the nature of structural bonds that have a great influence on their physical and mechanical properties. Thus, the ultimate strength values of coal-containing sandstone and siltstone samples under uniaxial compression vary from 20 to 30 MPa, while under uniaxial tension, the ultimate strength values range from 6 to 10 MPa. These relatively low numerical values pertaining to the physicomechanical properties of rocks, which are generally atypical for long-flame coal deposits, are almost 50% lower than those of analogous rocks hosting other coal deposits in Russia. It is considered that the mechanical strength properties of the rocks of the Kharbalakhskoye field are due to significant cryogenic processes. A comparative analysis of the properties of core samples obtained from boreholes drilled in 2019 with samples from a quarry obtained several decades ago reveals signs of transformation of rocks in the Kharbalakhskoye field due to phase transitions of freezing and thawing water.


2020 ◽  
pp. 451-457
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yur'yevich Vititnev ◽  
Yuriy Davydovich Alashkevich ◽  
Natal'ya Geral'dovna Chistova ◽  
Roman Aleksandrovich Marchenko ◽  
Venera Nurullovna Matygullina

This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the physical and mechanical properties of wood-fiber boards of the wet production method when regulating the design and technological parameters of the grinding process. This allowed us to determine the influence of the working clearance between the grinding discs and the concentration of fibre mass with the subject to of quality change wood fiber after defibrator using the developed construction of the disc fibrillation action on the physico-mechanical properties of boards. As a result of the experiment, regression models were obtained that adequately describe the studied grinding process and allow predicting the values of physical and mechanical properties of the finished product depending on the established  parameters process. A comparative analysis of the size and quality characteristics of the fiber semi-finished product and its fractional composition when using a developed construction the disc of refiner fibrillation action and a traditional design used in industry is carried out. The preferential efficiency of the grinding process under the fibrillating effect the disc of refiner in comparison with the traditional construction disc of refiner is established. As a result, there is a significant improvement in the quality indicators of the fiber semi-finished product and its composition due to the formation and predominance in the total mass of long and thin, respectively, flexible fibrillated fibers with high tile-forming properties, which allows to increase the strength properties of the product (by 20–25%), without using binding resins.


Author(s):  
O. V. Karmanova ◽  
S. G. Tikhomirov ◽  
E. V. Lintsova ◽  
L. V. Popova

Studies of experimental adhesion modifiers based on a mixture of fatty acids from the production of light vegetable oils. The properties of rubber compounds and their vulcanizates obtained using experimental adhesion promoters KK with cobalt content from 7.5 to 16.5% are investigated. The plastic-elastic and vulcanization properties of the properties of breaker rubber compounds based on polyisoprene, the physical and mechanical properties of breaker rubbers and the bond strength in the “rubber-brass-plated steel cord system” were studied. When testing belt rubbers containing experienced adhesion promoters or an imported analog of Manobond 680C, the following features were revealed. The plasticity of the prototypes was in the range of 0.2-0.4. This indicates satisfactory processing properties. The Mooney viscosity of the prototypes was lower than that of the production sample. The use of experienced adhesion promoters instead of the analogue (Manobond 680C) increases the resistance to scorching. On the basis of the analysis of elastic-strength properties, it was found that in terms of the conditional tensile strength, the prototypes were inferior to the serial ones. However, rubbers containing the KK-12, KK-13.5, KK-15 promoters met the control standards. The tensile elongation at break of the experimental rubbers is higher than that of the serial sample. This may indicate the formation of a more uniform cure network in the presence of the test products. When testing rubber-metal-hard composites, it was noted that, under normal conditions, the experienced adhesion promoters have advantages over Manobond 680C. However, at elevated temperatures, under conditions of salt and steam-air aging, they are slightly inferior to Manobond 680C. It has been established that the experimental adhesion promoters provide the required set of technical properties of belt rubbers with a CO2 + content of 12–16.5% wt. Thus, it is possible to recommend the adhesion promoters KK 12, KK-13.5, KK 15 for practical use in the composition of belt rubber compounds. This will allow replacing a foreign-made product and reducing the cost of production.


2020 ◽  
Vol 992 ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
M.P. Lebedev ◽  
V.N. Tagrov ◽  
E.S. Lukin

The article deals with the manufacture of modern structural ceramic materials from clay and loam deposits of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The importance and relevance of the development of the production of building materials from local raw materials is emphasized, since this will certainly affect the effectiveness of the construction complex as a whole. The successful development of the construction complex is capable of not only stimulating growth in all sectors of the economy, but also contributes to solving the most pressing social problems. Today, Yakutia has huge reserves of mineral raw materials for the production of a wide range of building materials and products. Of practical interest are wall materials made from clay soils. Given the features of the region’s raw material base, this work focuses on additional processing of traditional material. Controlling the complex physicochemical and structural-mechanical transformations that occur during heat treatment, a methodology has been developed for creating a composite material that will allow competitive innovative materials with enhanced strength properties to be produced with a reinforcing element with a glassy phase matrix of mullite crystals. The fabricated samples have a wide range of physical and mechanical properties and allow using it as a high-quality structural building ceramics, as well as industrial floor technical tile.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1085 ◽  
pp. 312-315
Author(s):  
Oleg L. Khasanov ◽  
Edgar S. Dvilis ◽  
Zulfa G. Bikbaeva ◽  
Valentina V. Polisadova ◽  
Alexey O. Khasanov ◽  
...  

Ceramics samples in the form of a parallelepiped with high strength characteristics have been made. For the manufacture of the ceramics samples a powder mixture from submicron В4С powder with additives (1 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%) of boron carbide nanopowder was used. The physical properties of the powder mixtures and strength properties of sintered ceramics have been studied. It was shown that the use of submicron fractions of the boron carbide powder together with nanoadditives is a determining factor in the formation of dense fine-grained structure providing improved physical and mechanical properties of the ceramics.


Author(s):  
Kaichao Sun ◽  
Michael Ames ◽  
Thomas Newton ◽  
Lin-wen Hu

A neutronic analysis of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Research Reactor (MITR) is performed using state-of-the-art computational tools: the continuous-energy Monte Carlo code MCNP5 and the point-depletion code ORIGEN2.2. These codes are externally coupled by the in-house code package, MCODE (MCNP-ORIGEN Coupled Depletion Program), more recently, it being extended to MCODE-FM (Fuel Management). The latter features automated input file generation, data manipulation, and post-processing of the output data for the fuel cycle analysis, so that it is used to simulate the fuel management of the MITR. MCODE-FM also has an optional criticality search algorithm to simulate control blade movement. The code validation is carried out by comparing the calculated results to experimental data. Two sets of the comparisons are made in the present paper: 1) the Xe-135 reactivity effect during the reactor start-up and shutdown and 2) the thermal and fast neutron flux in an irradiation capsule in the reactor core. Good agreements have been found. The validated MCODE-FM is therefore useful for neutronic analysis and the fuel cycle simulation of the MITR. The time dependent variation of the key parameters, viz. the control blades’ axial position (maintaining criticality) and the fissile inventory in the fuel, is presented.


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