scholarly journals Research of the features of the formation of the structure and properties of building composites based on clinker-free binders of alkaline activation with the use of unconditional natural and secondary raw materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 678 (1) ◽  
pp. 012029
Author(s):  
Madina Salamanova ◽  
Said-Alvi Murtazaev ◽  
Magomed Khubaev ◽  
Zurab Gatsaev
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Alkaline Activation ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials

scholarly journals Organizational, technical and economic fundamentals of waste management and monitoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 08031
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Velichko ◽  
Edward Tshovrebov ◽  
Ural Niyazgulov
Keyword(s):  
Legal Status ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
Secondary Resources ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Level Of Use ◽  
Goals And Objectives

The article deals with issues of monitoring, planning, organizational and technical support, economic regulation and improving the efficiency of the infrastructure for processing, recycling and disposal of waste, resource conservation and management of secondary resources, their use as secondary raw materials for production, services, work and power generation. The Russian Federation has significant potential for economic growth due to the efficient use of secondary resources from billions of tons of generated production and consumption waste annually. These ecologically unsafe anthropogenic objects can be characterized as a source of valuable renewable raw materials, material and fuel and energy resources. However, the scale and level of use of various types of secondary resources are characterized by considerable unevenness and depend on the demand for secondary raw materials, the resource value of the waste, the environmental situation arising from treating them as environmental polluters, on the real economic conditions that determine the profitability of each specific type. economic activities that use secondary resources for the manufacture of products, works, services, energy production. The methods of monitoring the industry for the treatment, disposal and disposal of waste are: information-analytical, information-statistical, sociological, geo-information. The legal status of the monitoring system of the industry for the treatment, disposal and disposal of waste is determined by the limitations of its functionality within the framework of the goals and objectives facing it.

Preparation of Alternative Hydraulic Binder Based on Secondary Raw Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Jiří Švec ◽  
Tomáš Opravil ◽  
Jiří Másilko
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Hydraulic Lime ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Hydraulic Binder ◽  
Massive Scale

Reusing and recycling of secondary raw materials from high-volume industrial productions (especially form construction materials and binders fabrications) is very important way of conserving environment and it is also interesting from the economical point of view. The production of common hydraulic binders, especially Portland cement, burdens the environment with considerable amount of combustion gases and consumes energy in massive scale. Alternative (low – energy) binder can be used as Portland cement substitution in applications with lower mechanical properties requirements. Mined limestone wash sediments contain large amount of clay components, but there is also indispensable share of fine calcite. This composition makes these sediments a promising material for the preparation of hydraulic binders as Roman cement or hydraulic lime.

STATE AND PROSPECTS OF PROCESSING OF SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS OF WINE-MAKING IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Osipova ◽  
O. Radionova ◽  
L. Tkachenko ◽  
T. Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Wine Making ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Wide Range

The analysis of the current state of processing of secondary raw materials of wine-making in Ukraine is given. It is proved that the latter is a rich source of biologically active compounds, including phenolic ones, which makes it possible to use it for the production of a wide range of products (raccoon, polyphenol extracts, tartaric acid, beverages, fertilizers, grape oil, cake, vitamin D, animal feed, food powder, abrasives) with high consumer value for various industries: food, pharmaceutical, perfume and cosmetics, chemical, feed, etc. In the light of modern research, the role of phenolic compounds as essential nutrition factors that cannot remain out of the field of view of physiologists, pharmacologists, and food hygiene specialists is shown. However, currently in Ukraine there are no specialized enterprises for complex processing of secondary raw materials of winemaking; traditional technologies are not effective from a technological, economic and environmental point of view, which indicates not rational use of resources and loss of material resources; there are no systematic studies on physical and chemical, microbiological, Toxicological composition in order to determine the optimal direction of its use. A limiting factor is also the lack of comparative analysis of innovative domestic and foreign technologies for processing secondary raw materials of winemaking. In the vast majority of cases, in particular, combs and pomace are taken out of control to agricultural land without special treatment, which leads to acid soil erosion and pollution of the environment with metabolites of micromycetes, increasing one of the global problems of mankind-environmental. At the present stage of technological development, there are a number of innovative developments in the field of processing secondary raw materials, in particular grape pomace, in order to obtain biologically active additives, the limiting factor for the introduction of which is the lack of domestic and expensive imported equipment. A promising way to solve the existing problems is to create a mechanism that will unite the interests of wineries (producers of secondary raw materials of winemaking), processing enterprises (producers of products from secondary raw materials of winemaking), scientists and potential consumers of innovative products. Consolidation of the above-mentioned institutions and enterprises is possible by creating clusters for the development and implementation of innovative technologies and equipment

ISOLATION OF PECTIN SUBSTANCES FROM THE PODS OF LEGUMINOUS CULTURES

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
М.М. ПИВЕНЬ ◽  
Л.Я. РОДИОНОВА ◽  
А.В. СТЕПОВОЙ ◽  
С.М. ГОРЛОВ
Keyword(s):  
Total Mass ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Leguminous Crops ◽  
Pectin Substances

Исследованы створки зернобобовых культур с целью использования их в качестве источника пектиновых веществ (ПВ). Качественные показатели створок зернобобовых культур гороха и нута составили, % содержания: белка 5 и 15; жиров 1,5 и 1,8; клетчатки 46 и 40 соответственно. Содержание растворимого пектина в створках обеих культур не достигает 0,5%: 0,43 (горох) и 0,47 (нут). Количество протопектина в створках гороха и нута от общей массы составило около 95%, что позволяет отнести эти пектины к высокоэтерифицированным. Установлена необходимость предварительной температурной обработки створок плодов зернобобовых культур для максимального сохранения ПВ в сырье в процессе хранения. Потери ПВ обработанных створок зернобобовых составили 5–10% в процессе хранения 7 мес. Необработанные створки зернобобовых в течение того же срока хранения потеряли 30–35% ПВ. Установлена величина гидромодуля 1 : 10 при проведении режимов гидролиза-экстрагирования. Определены размеры частиц (3–4 мм) при измельчении створок зернобобовых культур для проведения гидролиза-экстрагирования. На основании полученных данных сделан вывод о перспективе использования вторичного сырья зернобобовых культур как источника пектиновых веществ. The secondary raw materials of leguminous crops for the purpose of their use as a source of pectin substances (PS) are investigated. Qualitative indicators of the pods of leguminous cultures of peas and chickpeas were, % of the content: protein 5 and 15; fats 1,5 and 1,8; fibers 46 and 40, respectively. The content of soluble pectin in the pods of both cultures does not reach 0,5%: 0,43 (peas) and 0,47 (chickpeas). The amount of protopectin in the pea and chickpea pods from the total mass was about 95%, which makes it possible to classify these pectins as highly esterified. The necessity of pre temperature treatment of pods of leguminous crops for maximum preservation of PS in raw materials during storage is established. Losses of treated pods of leguminous were 5–10% during storage for 7 months. Untreated pods of legumes during the same period of storage lost 30–35% of PS. The value of the hydraulic module 1 : 10 during the hydrolysis extraction regimes was established. The sizes of particles (3–4 mm) at grinding of pods of leguminous cultures for carrying out hydrolysis extraction are defined. On the basis of the obtained data the conclusion is drawn on the prospect of use of secondary raw materials of leguminous cultures as source of pectin substances.

Adhesives for the Installation of Cast Basalt Elements on Metal and Comparison of Properties when Using Different Types of Fillers

2021 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Jakub Hodul ◽  
Tomáš Žlebek ◽  
Lenka Mészárosová ◽  
Aleš Jakubík ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mineral Admixtures ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Metal Base ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Ecological Benefit ◽  
Different Types

The polymeric adhesives for the installation of basalt elements on a metal base are designed primarily for environments with increased chemical and mechanical stress. They are composed of polymer resins (epoxy, polyurethane) as binders, as well as organic additives and mineral admixtures that mainly fulfill the function of filler. In all sectors of today's construction industry, maximum efficiency in the production of materials is required for sustainability purposes, which, however, must never be at the expense of the quality or the required performance. Due to these requirements, great emphasis is placed on the maximum use of secondary raw materials. Talc is used as the primary filler for polymer adhesives. Sawdust, tire rubber, and fly ash are used as secondary raw materials. The use of these in building supplies can positively affect some physical and mechanical properties of polymeric adhesives. Also, the use of secondary raw materials has the above-mentioned ecological benefit. Basic properties, such as bulk density and adhesion to both metallic and basalt elements, were monitored. The details of the cohesion of the adhesive with the bonded material, as well as the distribution of secondary raw materials in the polymer matrix, were assessed microscopically.

Particulars of Magnetic Control of Iron Impurities in Fine-Grain Media — Secondary raw Materials (Ash Wastes)

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Sandulyak ◽  
V. A. Ershova ◽  
A. V. Sandulyak ◽  
E. P. Kurenkov ◽  
D. A. Sandulyak
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Magnetic Control ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Fine Grain

scholarly journals Distribution of the components of the building mixture in the presence of secondary raw materials during rotary mixing

2020 ◽  
Vol 220 ◽  
pp. 01060
Author(s):  
Anna Kapranova ◽  
Daria Bahaeva ◽  
Dmitry Stenko ◽  
Alexander Vatagin ◽  
Anton Lebedev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Stochastic Description ◽  
Rarefied Flows ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Characteristic Angle ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
The Given ◽  
Number Of Particles

The purpose of this study is a stochastic description of the distribution of solid dispersed components, including those from secondary raw materials, according to the characteristic angle of scattering ϴij when receiving a construction mixture at the first stage of operation of the rotary apparatus. Two stages of the formation of rarefied flows are assumed: when scattering particles of components by elastic blades of a rotating drum and when interacting with the baffle surface. Modeling method this is energy method of Klimontovich Yu.L. The analysis of the efficiency of the first stage (rotary mixing) is carried out based on the obtained distribution functions of the number of particles of bulk components over the scattering angle, taking into account their physical and mechanical properties and a variety of design and operating parameters of the apparatus. The bulk of the particles of the mixed components are scattered at the initial angles of rotation of the mixing drum, when the deformation of the elastic blades is most significant. This is accompanied by the characteristic first bursts of the obtained distribution curves (ϴij< 0.1 rad) for the number of particles of the tested bulk materials at the given ranges of parameters.

scholarly journals THE CURRENT STATE AND TRENDS OF PROCESSING SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS OF WINEMAKING IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Osipova ◽  
A. Khodakov ◽  
O. Radionova ◽  
L. Tkachenko ◽  
T. Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Administrative Authority ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Materials Research ◽  
Business Structures

The current state of processing secondary raw materials of winemaking in Ukraine has been analysed. It has been shown that these materials are a rich source of bioactive compounds. This allows using them to manufacture a wide range of products (oenological tannin, food oenocolourant, polyphenolic extracts, tartaric acid, beverages, grape oil, vitamin D, protein, animal feed, food powder, fertilisers, abrasive materials, etc.) with high consumer value for various industries: food, pharmaceutical, perfume and cosmetics, chemical, compound feed, etc. In the light of modern views, phenolic compounds contained in large quantities in grape stems and pomace have been shown to be indispensable factors in nutrition and treatment. It has been noted that in today’s Ukraine, there are no specialised enterprises for complex processing of secondary raw materials of winemaking. In particular, unprocessed grape stalks and pomace are in most cases uncontrollably carried away to farmlands. This leads to acid erosion of the soil and to polluting the environment by micromycete metabolites, which but exacerbates one of mankind’s global problems, the environmental one. It has been concluded that traditional domestic technologies of processing secondary raw materials of winemaking are technologically, economically, and environmentally ineffective. There is no comparative analysis of innovative domestic and foreign technologies and equipment for processing secondary raw materials of winemaking. Modern innovations to obtain bioactive additives and other products cannot be introduced, since there is no necessary home-manufactured equipment, and imported machines are too expensive. Besides, there is but weak interaction among wineries, research institutions, business structures, and administrative authority. Cluster ideology has been suggested as a basis to organise comprehensive processing of secondary raw materials of winemaking in Ukraine. This will unite the interests of wineries (producers of secondary raw materials), processing enterprises (manufacturers of products from secondary raw materials), research institutions, and potential consumers of innovative products

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