scholarly journals The effect of oil palm trunk particles and composite density on the physical and mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane foam composite

2021 ◽  
Vol 891 (1) ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
S S Munawar ◽  
C D Widyanto ◽  
L S Hutahean ◽  
D Purnomo ◽  
B Subiyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Rigid Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Oil Palm Trunk ◽  
Foam Composite ◽  
Screw Withdrawal ◽  
Closed Mold

Abstract The oil palm trunk (OPT) particle was used as a filler for the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foam composites (RPUFC). The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of OPT particle content and variation of composite density on the physical and mechanical properties of RPUFC. The RPUFC was created with five different volume fractions of OPT particles (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 wt%) and three different composite densities (40, 50, 60 kg/m3). The OPT particles, polyols, and isocyanate were mixed, poured and formed in a closed mold. The moisture content (MC), water absorption (WA), compressive strength (CS), screw withdrawal (SW), and internal bonding strength (IB) properties were determined according to JIS A 5908-2003. The flexural strength (FS) properties were determined according to ASTM D790. The physical properties (MC, WA) were increased with increasing OPT particles in the RPUFC. The RPUFC with 2.5% OPT particle was higher in modulus of rupture, modulus of young and CS values compared to RPUFC control. The IB and SW values were increased when 2.5% OPT particles were added to RPUFC. The best PURFCs were produced with the addition of 2.5% particles at a density of 50 and 60 kg/m3.

scholarly journals Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Papan Semen dari Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cement Board Made from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Fibers)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djoko Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Screw Withdrawal ◽  
Cement Board

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) fiber were industrial waste that has not been widely used by the community, only stacked and cause odors that interfere with the surrounding environment. This research studied the utilization of OPEFB fiber for cement board products using cement as resin and CaCl2 as accelerator. Laboratory scale cement board made from OPEFB fiber were mixed with cement, and CaCl2. The composition of fiber and cement were 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, and CaCl2 variations were 0%, 1% and 3%. A mixture of fibers, cement and CaCl2 was compressed at the pressure of 4 ton for 24 hours. The cement boards were tested for physical and mechanical properties according to JIS A 5417-1992, and the results were compared to the requirements of the cement board JIS A 5417-1992. Cement board made from fiber and cement composition 1:1.5 and CaCl2 content 3% produced moisture content, thickness swelling, water absorption, density, modulus of rupture/MOR, modulus of elasticity/MOE and screw withdrawal strength that met the requirement of JIS A 5417-1992. The composition of fiber and cement and the variations of CaCl2 content produced significant effect on water content, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture/MOR, modulus of elasticity/MOE and screw withdrawal strength on cement boards.Keywords : oil palm empty fruit bunches fiber, cement boards, physical and mechanical properties

scholarly journals Physical and Mechanical Properties of Binderless Particleboard Made from Steam-Pretreated Oil Palm Trunk Particles

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Geng Boon ◽  
Rokiah Hashim ◽  
Mohammed Danish ◽  
Wan Noor Aidawati Wan Nadhari
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Steam Pretreatment ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Oil Palm Trunk

Formaldehyde emissions from conventional particleboards raise issues of health and safety. One of the potential solutions is binderless particleboards made without using synthetic adhesives. However, the physical and mechanical properties of untreated binderless particleboards are relatively poor compared to conventional particleboards. This research aims to reveal the potential of using steam pretreatment to improve binderless particleboard properties made from oil palm trunk. The oil palm trunk particles were treated with steam pretreatment for different durations of time (20, 40, 60 min). The chemical constituents of the treated and untreated particles were evaluated. The binderless particleboards were made from treated and untreated particles. In addition, panels using untreated oil palm trunk particles with 10% urea–formaldehyde resin were made and used as a comparison. The boards were evaluated according to European Standards. The results indicated that the hemicellulose and starch content gradually reduced with the progression of steam pretreatment. The physical and mechanical properties were improved by increasing steam pretreatment duration. The steam pretreatment was able to improve the properties of binderless particleboards made from oil palm trunk. However, the performance of steam-pretreated binderless particleboard in this study is not compatible with the particleboards made using 10% urea–formaldehyde.

Efficacy of Activated Carbon In Situ to Oil Palm Frond Paper for Active Packaging on Mechanical Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 607-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Thongjun ◽  
Lerpong Jarupan ◽  
Chiravoot Pechyen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Active Packaging ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Oil Palm Frond ◽  
Palm Frond

Oil palm frond pulp (OPF) was blended with activated carbon for the purpose of active packaging in this preliminary study. It was aimed to investigate the effect of in-situ activated carbon on physical and mechanical properties of the pulp handsheets made from OPF. Testing of property performances of the resulted handsheets included density, moisture content, thickness swelling, folding, tensile strength, %elongation, stiffness, and modulus of rupture. Ultimately, the intention is to use for prospected active packaging for fresh produce. OPF pulp was prepared by the kraft process. The pulp stock was mixed with different proportions of activated carbon (0, 10, 20, and 30% w/w). The results showed that an increased proportion of activated carbon decreased density and thickness selling, but had no effect on moisture content.

SIFAT FISIK MEKANIK PAPAN PARTIKEL TANPA PEREKAT DARI TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis Guineensis acq)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Budi Tri Cahyana
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
Thickness Swelling ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

This research aimed to get the physical and mechanical properties of non adhesive-particle board from oil palm empty fruit bunches. The oil palm empty fruit bunches were degradated to fibre and boiled in boiling water during 60 minute then dried in ± 2 weeks. The dried raw material was chopped to be fibre in 5 mesh, 10 mesh, and 16 mesh. It were complied into a mold and then hot pressed in 35 kgf/cm2 pressure during 10 minute with 3 of temperature variety, 160°C, 180°C and 200°C. The result showed that the average of particle board water content was 7,11 -  9,85 % and the density was 0,63 – 0,76 gr/cm3. The highest thickness swelling was 22,59 % in 10 mesh and 160 0C (a2b1) temperature of oil palm empty fruit bunches. The modulus of rupture was 211,67 kg/cm2  in 10 mesh and 180 0C (a2b2) temperature. The modulus of elasticity was 490,85 kg/cm2 in 10 mesh and 160 0C (a2b1) temperature. The tensile strength was 7,49 kg/cm2 in 5 mesh and 200 0C (a1b3) temperature. The average of physical and mechanical properties such as water content, density, modulus of rupture, tensile strength were fulfill the SNI requirement, while the average of thickness swelling and modulus of elasticity were not fulfill the SNI requirement.Keywords: oil palm empty fruit bunches, particle board

Mechanical Properties of Particleboard from Oil Palm Trunk (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) Using Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesive in Relation to Particle Sizes and Board Thickness

2013 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 101-103
Author(s):  
Mohd Arif Fikri Mohd Adnan ◽  
Jamaludin Kasim ◽  
Siti Noorbaini Sarmin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Oil Palm Trunk ◽  
Board Thickness

High demand for wooden materials and rises in agricultural areas and forest fires increased the importance of composite particleboard instead of using solid woods. Particleboards are among the most popular materials used in interior and exterior applications. The objective of this study was to examine the physical and mechanical properties of phenol formaldehyde particleboard made from oil palm trunk (OPT) with 11% resin content. Two different board thicknesses were use; 12mm and 16mm. The particle size use in this study was 2mm and 1mm. Phenol formaldehyde (PF) was used as the binder. The result showed that modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity were perform better at 16mm board thickness with 1.0mm particle size and meet the standard. The internal bonding strength was parallel with bending strength.

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