scholarly journals Flower endophytic fungi of Geodorum densiflorum endangered orchid

2021 ◽  
Vol 948 (1) ◽  
pp. 012037
Author(s):  
N D Rahayu ◽  
N Sukarno ◽  
S Listiyowati ◽  
M Rafi ◽  
S Mursidawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Sterilization Method ◽  
Endangered Orchid ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Geodorum densiflorum is an ornamental and medicinally important orchid. The medicinal metabolites are produced by endophytic fungi associated with orchid tissue, particularly flowers. However, there is no report of the endophytic fungi from the G. densiflorum flowers. This research aimed to study the endophytic fungi from different parts of G. densiflorum flower. Fungal isolation was carried out from sepal, petal, labium, stigma, and anther using surface sterilization method. The fungi were identified by combining morphological and molecular characteristics of ITS rDNA region. The results showed that each flower organ had different species of endophytic fungi. A total of seven species of endophytic fungi were obtained; four species were successfully identified by molecular identification and three species based on morphology. The four species, namely Hypomontagnella barbarensis, Aspergillus oryzae, Curvularia pseudobranchyspora, and Nigrospora chinensis, while the three species, namely Gonatobotrys sp., Humicola sp., Aspergillus section Nigri. The labium inhabited by Curvularia pseudobranchyspora, Nigrospora chinensis, Aspergillus section Nigri. Three species isolated from petals, namely Hypomontagnella barbarensis, Gonatobotrys sp., and Aspergillus oryzae. The sepal is inhabited by Humicola sp. There were no endophytic fungi in stigma and anther. This indicates that each flower part is a unique habitat of endophytic fungi.

A New RoVe Method to Purify Endophytic Fungi from Medicinal Plants Western Ghats of Karnataka India

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 5011-5019
Author(s):  
Ankala Basappa Vedamurthy ◽  
Rohit Shankar Mane
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Thielaviopsis Basicola ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Epiphytic Microorganisms ◽  
Sterilization Method ◽  
Successful Isolation ◽  
Aspergillus Nomius

Endophytic fungi from medicinal plants were hardly ever reported as compared to those from soil and marine sources. The present results associate the presence of endophytic fungi in medicinal plants by isolating them from three medicinal plants i.e. Bombax ceiba, Aloe vera, and Ximenia americana. In the present research investigation, surface sterilization method and media were standardized, and 32 endophytic fungi were isolated from three medicinal plants. We assessed the competence of three different surface sterilization methods and four media for isolation of endophytic fungi. The RoVe method used was more effective in eliminating epiphytic microorganisms. Therefore by using new method we have isolated total of 32 fungal endophytes and those were belongs to Aspergillus nomius (63.20%), Aspergillus niger (41.60%), Thielaviopsis basicola (38.33%), Fusarium oxysporum (33.20%), Pestalotiopsis inflexa (27.20%), Nigrospora sphaerica (20%), Alternaria alternata (15.30%) and Phomopsis archeri (20%). This is the first report of successful isolation of endophytic fungi from the said medicinal plants, for using newly formulated surface sterilization method.

scholarly journals Endophytic fungi confirmed as entomopathogens of the new invasive pest, the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), infesting maize in South Sumatra, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Herlinda ◽  
Mimma Gustianingtyas ◽  
Suwandi Suwandi ◽  
Radix Suharjo ◽  
Jelly Milinia Puspita Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a new invasive pest in Indonesia causing financial losses. S. frugiperda larvae hide in the leaf midrib all day. To overcome the hidden larvae, pathogenic endophytic fungi are needed. The objective of this research was to molecularly identify the endophytic fungal species from South Sumatra and determine the most pathogenic species against S. frugiperda larvae. Endophytic fungal identification was based on morphological and molecular characteristics. The molecular identification was based on gene sequential analysis of Intergenic Transcribed Spacer (ITS) 1 and ITS 4. Bioassay of the endophytic fungal species was treated against the 2nd larval instar of S. frugiperda. Result The results of molecular identification revealed endophytic fungal species consisted of Chaetomium sp. (GaTpeOi, JgTjPr, PiCrPga, and CaCjPga isolates), Aspergillus niger (L.) Van Tieghem (PsgTjPr, JgByU, and JaBuBys), Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (JgSPK, JaGiP, JaSpkPGA(2), JgCrJr, and JaTpOi (1) isolates), Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boed. (JaGiPRB, CMTJP, JaMsBys, JaSpkPga(3), and JgTgSr isolates), Aspergillus flavus Link. (JgPWSR isolate), Penicillium citrinum Thom F 1539 (JaTpOi(2) isolate), and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) Sorokin (CaTpPGA isolate). All fungal isolates were deposited in the GenBank. The endophytic fungal species of B. bassiana (JgSPK isolate) caused up to (22.67%) mortality, C. lunata (JaSpkPga(3) isolate) caused (17.33%) mortality, and M. anisopliae (CaTpPga isolate) caused (8%) mortality of the pest’s larvae. First report of B. bassiana and C. lunata isolated from maize (Zea mays L.), while M. anisopliae was isolated from red chili (Capsicum annuum L.) as entomopathogenic endophytic fungi against S. frugiperda larvae in Indonesia. Conclusion The endophytic fungi species of B. bassiana, C. lunata, and M. anisopliae had potentials as entomopathogens of S. frugiperda.

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation and Tissues Specificity of Endophytic Fungi of Dillenia Indica L. and their Extracellular Enzymatic Activity.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
I. B. Prasher
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Dillenia Indica ◽  
Living Tissues ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Endophytes are an unexplored group of microbes that live inside the living tissues of healthy plants without any visible symptoms of the disease. This study focused on the exploration and characterisation of culturable endophytic fungi inhabiting in different parts the medicinal plant Dillenia indica L during different seasons. A total of 2360 segments from different parts like leaves (820), stems (820) and fruits (720) were screened to isolate endophytic fungi from the plants growing in Botanical Gardens of Panjab University, Chandigarh (India), during different seasons i.e., Summer, Spring, Autumn and Winter of the years 2018 and 2019. A total of twenty-five (25) species of fungi belonging to twenty (20) genera were isolated from the selected plant during different seasons. The plant has the highest affinity for Lasiodiplodia theobromae followed by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Cladosporium cladosporides. The percentage frequency was found to be 96%, 64% and 20% for leaves, stems and fruits. The colonization rate for leaves, stems and fruits was 55.6%, 25.6% and 8.8%. The isolated fungi were identified by morphological, microscopic and molecular characteristics. Monsoon (Rainy season) had the highest number of isolates (312 isolates), followed by summer (208 isolates), Winter (164 isolates) and Autumn (114 isolates). Species diversity was highest during the rainy season (19 species) and lowest during the Winter (12 species). The isolated fungi also produce extracellular enzymes such as amylase, lipase, protease, asparaginase, cellulase and ligninolytic enzymes. The results indicate that Dillenia indica L. harbors novel endophytic fungi having agricultural, medical and industrial applications.

scholarly journals Chance or Necessity—The Fungi Co−Occurring with Formica polyctena Ants

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Igor Siedlecki ◽  
Michał Gorczak ◽  
Alicja Okrasińska ◽  
Marta Wrzosek
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
The Other ◽  
Formica Polyctena ◽  
Ant Nests ◽  
Mutualistic Fungi ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Better Than

Studies on carton nesting ants and domatia−dwelling ants have shown that ant–fungi interactions may be much more common and widespread than previously thought. Until now, studies focused predominantly on parasitic and mutualistic fungi–ant interactions occurring mostly in the tropics, neglecting less−obvious interactions involving the fungi common in ants’ surroundings in temperate climates. In our study, we characterized the mycobiota of the surroundings of Formica polyctena ants by identifying nearly 600 fungal colonies that were isolated externally from the bodies of F. polyctena workers. The ants were collected from mounds found in northern and central Poland. Isolated fungi were assigned to 20 genera via molecular identification (ITS rDNA barcoding). Among these, Penicillium strains were the most frequent, belonging to eight different taxonomic sections. Other common and widespread members of Eurotiales, such as Aspergillus spp., were isolated very rarely. In our study, we managed to characterize the genera of fungi commonly present on F. polyctena workers. Our results suggest that Penicillium, Trichoderma, Mucor, Schwanniomyces and Entomortierella are commonly present in F. polyctena surroundings. Additionally, the high diversity and high frequency of Penicillium colonies isolated from ants in this study suggest that representatives of this genus may be adapted to survive in ant nests environment better than the other fungal groups, or that they are preferentially sustained by the insects in nests.

scholarly journals The Potential of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Leaves, Stems, Mangrove Roots Avicennia marina as a Producer of Antibiotics

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Kustiasih Lestari ◽  
Anthoni Agustien ◽  
Akmal Djamaan
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Inhibitory Zone ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Mangrove Roots ◽  
Source Of Information

This study provides an overview of the potential of endophytic fungi isolated from leaves, stems, mangrove roots A. marina as a producer of antibiotics tested for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans. This research was carried out in the microbiology laboratory of the Health Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health of Riau from March to June 2017. This study used a laboratory experimental method, the data presented in descriptive form. The stages of the study were: identification of A. marina plants, fungal isolation, qualitative tests of flavonoids isolates from endophytic fungal, and antibacterial activity test. The results showed that from 15 isolates of endophytic fungi, 5 isolates producing antibiotics. FAA 3 isolate showed the highest antibiotic activity with 24 mm the diameter of the inhibitory zone, while the lowest inhibition zone was FAA 4 isolate by forming a diameter of inhibitory zone of 7 mm and the results of qualitative tests of metabolites showed as secondary flvonoid metabolites. This research can be used as a source of information for the community in utilizing mangrove plants as an alternative in improving health.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification of Endophytic Fungi from Banana Leaves (Musa spp.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latiffah Zakaria ◽  
◽  
Wan Nuraini Wan Aziz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Banana Leaves

scholarly journals Molecular identification of endophytic fungi associated with orchids from Mount Cameroon region

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Essomo Sylvie Etanke ◽  
Arrey Doris Besem ◽  
Afanga Yannick Afanga ◽  
Meshi Joice ◽  
Eneke Tambe Bechem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Mount Cameroon

scholarly journals ISOLASI CENDAWAN ENDOFIT DARI AKAR WANGI (Vetiveria zizanioides L.) DAN POTENSINYA SEBAGAI ANTIMIKROBA

1930 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
Israwati Harahap ◽  
Elsie
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Vetiveria Zizanioides ◽  
Surface Sterilization ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
In Vitro Inhibition ◽  
Fungal Extracts ◽  
Antimicrobial Potency

Endophytic fungi are microorganisms living in healthy tissue of their host plants without causing disease. Endophytic fungi live in every plant, including Vetiveria zizanioides L. medicinal plant intracellulary and/or intercellulary. This plant was screened pharmacologically for antibacterial, antifungal, anticataleptic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory, rheumatism, anti oxidant and anti arthritic activity. This research aimed to isolation endophytic fungi from V. zizanioides L. and to screening their antimicrobial potency against microflora Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Endophytic fungi isolation from V. zizanioides L. was done by surface sterilization method. A total of 33 isolates were recovered from 88 leaves and 88 root segments. Based on antimicrobial activitytest, most of the fungal extracts showed in vitro inhibition of microbes growth.

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